These days, friends, friends and WeChat groups can always see everyone’s concern about nucleic acid detection and discuss the COVID-19 epidemic. Since then, nucleic acid detection has become a high-frequency word. But do you really know about nucleic acid testing? What is the nucleic acid strategy under the most severe and complicated situation faced by Chongqing since the COVID-19 epidemic?

In this issue of "Knocking on the Blackboard", Xiaobian will focus on these issues.

The role of nucleic acid detection—It is recognized by the medical communityThe "Gold Standard" for Diagnosing Covid-19

Why do you want to do nucleic acid testing? On November 27th, at the 150th press conference on the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Chongqing held by Chongqing Municipal Government Information Office, Li Pan, deputy director of Chongqing Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, once again stressed clearly:

Nucleic acid detection is the "gold standard" recognized by the medical community in diagnosing Covid-19. It is an important measure to quickly find infected people, lock the source of infection in time, and quickly cut off the route of transmission. It is a key measure to realize early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment.

(Related links: press conference, responding to concerns-will you be infected in the process of making nucleic acid? What is the difference between regional nucleic acid and expanded nucleic acid?)

At the 147th press conference on November 22nd, Luo Fei, an expert from Chongqing CDC, made an analogy.

If antigen testing is an auxiliary team and nucleic acid testing is the main player; antigen testing is an attack by innuendo, then nucleic acid testing is the final word.

(Related links: press conference, responding to concerns-which is more useful, antigen or nucleic acid? Is the nucleic acid test result true?)

From a professional point of view, the positive result of nucleic acid detection can be regarded as the same as the result of virus culture and then detection. Covid-19 nucleic acid detection is to select two or three characteristic sequences on the virus genome, copy and amplify them, and then detect and compare them, which is what we often call double-target or triple-target detection.

Because the conservative gene sequence of virus is usually selected as the target gene in nucleic acid detection, even if the virus mutates, it has little effect on the detection ability. Nucleic acid detection requires high detection reagents, detection facilities and equipment, and requires professionals to complete more complicated processes such as collection and detection.

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• Xiaobian analogy-
• Nucleic acid testing is like "raising a baby chicken". When the chick is very young, most people can’t see the male and female, but when the chick is raised, you will know it when you look at the comb.
• Why does it take several hours for nucleic acid testing to produce results? In fact, it is to cultivate viruses, or to raise chickens. Covid-19 nucleic acid detection is equivalent to using cockscomb as a feature to identify male and female, which is the so-called "target gene". At the same time, it is not easy to misjudge if it is characterized by cockscomb, but it is easy to misjudge if it is characterized by chicken feet and tail, so cockscomb is the so-called "conservative gene".

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At the 151st press conference on November 27th, Liao Pu, director of the Laboratory Department of Chongqing People’s Hospital and deputy director of Chongqing Clinical Laboratory Center, also explained the nucleic acid detection.

(Related links: Why is nucleic acid detection the "gold standard"? What about "false yin" and "false yang")

At present, Covid-19 nucleic acid detection usually uses fluorescence PCR amplification technology, and its principle is that viral nucleic acid is increased exponentially through one cycle, so as to realize Covid-19 nucleic acid detection. This is a very classic and reliable nucleic acid detection method, and it is a technology that won the Nobel Prize.

In the detection process, the yin and yang of the detection results are objectively judged by the circulating threshold of nucleic acid amplification, that is, Ct value. The Ct value is related to the viral load of the infected person. The lower the Ct value of the infected person, the higher the viral load of the infected person. Conversely, the higher the Ct value, the lower the viral load of the infected person.

For the report of positive results, according to the detection strategy, one or two other nucleic acid detection reagents that are more sensitive and amplify different regions will be used to detect the original samples when necessary, and the positive results will not be reported until they are confirmed, so sometimes the detection time is longer.

Although nucleic acid detection technology is the recognized gold standard in Covid-19, it is an internationally recognized detection technology for mature pathogens. However, the so-called "false negative" may appear in unreasonable sample collection, transportation and processing, too low virus droplets in the sample, variation of the target sequence to be detected or sequence change caused by other reasons.

For sudden and new subtype Covid-19, such as Omicron mutant, which has the characteristics of concealment, the optimal sampling time for detection may not be confirmed. In addition, in the process of sample collection and detection, pollution caused by aerosol will occur, resulting in false positive. By strengthening laboratory quality control, monitoring laboratory environment and equipment pollution, and multiple rounds of nucleic acid screening, we minimize the errors caused by technical reasons.

Strategies for nucleic acid detection-different strategies at different stages according to the needs of epidemic situation.

These days, users always leave messages asking questions. Why do you do nucleic acids in different areas?

Indeed, since November 1, especially since November 12, when the coordinated prevention and control of the central city was carried out and the epidemic annihilation war was launched, the Chongqing epidemic prevention and control headquarters adopted different nucleic acid detection strategies at different stages according to the needs of the epidemic situation.

For example, the social inspection has been carried out once every seven days, once every day and every other day. After the city launched the social clean-up attack, according to the deployment of classified attack, all districts and counties were divided into three categories: relatively stable epidemic situation, fluctuating platform period and severe situation, to carry out nucleic acid testing.

Li Pan spoke carefully at the press conference on the evening of November 26th. Under the provisions of the ninth edition and Article 20, various localities will formulate different strategies according to the situation of this area, street, community and even community. Specific to this round of epidemic in Chongqing:

At the beginning of the epidemic, the central city of annihilation was fought-

The epidemic situation is multi-point, multi-source and multi-chain. I don’t know where the potential infected people are, and the chain is unclear. For example, "I don’t know where the’ enemy’ is", then take the whole central city as a whole and carry out nucleic acid testing all over the region, and do it every day, which is to find out the potential infected people. After searching for a period of time, I marked a high-risk area.

Fight the tough battle in the central city in the stage of social clearing-

At this time, it is: high-risk areas should be zoned quickly, and nucleic acid testing should be carried out at the specified frequency in high-risk areas; in other areas, because there is still community transmission, it is necessary to "check every other day" and strive to promote social clearing.

Yuzhong, Jiulongpo, Jiangbei and Yubei made three rounds in three days-

Li Pan said at the press conference on the evening of November 26th that the epidemic situation in all districts of the central city was divided, and some districts added thousands of people a day, with a high proportion of society.

Therefore, just like the annihilation war at the beginning of the epidemic, Yuzhong District, Jiulongpo District, Jiangbei District and Yubei District decided to make three rounds in a row for three days, and continue to exert their strength and concentrate their efforts to find out the potential infected people and the risk sources in a short time.

Similarly, the same is true of Liangping, Dianjiang and Xiushan. The difference is that it is not the whole district (county), but the streets where the county is located and the streets involved in the epidemic.

Xiaobian said so much, we can see that the nucleic acid strategy must be a specific arrangement made according to the current epidemic situation. It is about strategy and actual situation. I hope parents will understand and support it.

Organization of nucleic acid detection-this is an important link, and the organizer must pay attention to it.

This point, Xiao Bian should remind the organization unit of nucleic acid detection, because it is really important.

The organization of nucleic acid detection directly affects the detection quality and screening effect. Staff organization, testing resource allocation, testing object organization, and centralized sampling or sampling by building, unit and floor are all important factors.

For example, on November 26th, some districts and counties reported that "nucleic acid test samples were left behind", which may affect the accuracy and quality of nucleic acid screening for whatever reason, indicating the importance of organizational work.

At the same time, there are still many people who are concerned about the organizational level of nucleic acid testing institutions and the professional ethics of staff, which will also directly affect the testing quality and screening effect.

For the sake of everyone’s health and this city, please ask the organizers of nucleic acid testing to follow the process, make the work meticulous and put the management in place! Please!

(Related links: press conference, responding to concerns-Is nucleic acid testing true or not? Are you sure?)

Can nucleic acid be infected? Everyone should take personal protection, so don’t worry about it.

This point, Li Pan also made a detailed introduction. In fact, you don’t have to worry about doing nucleic acid testing and being infected.

Statistics show that more than 60% of the newly infected people are residents of the same building, the same neighborhood and the same community. The route of infection is often in community activities, with acquaintances and friends, shopping together, and taking express mail together (among them, infected people), without protection or standardized protection and contact.

However, there are very few cases of infection directly in the queue of nucleic acid collection or in the process of nucleic acid collection, but the results of flow adjustment are not supported, so don’t worry.

For high-risk areas, there are positive buildings and units that are tested at home, not to mention worrying.

Look, really don’t worry too much. As long as everyone takes personal protection and adheres to the "one meter distance", this situation can be put an end to.

(Related links: do nucleic acid, remember "5321"!)

Supervision of nucleic acid detection-never be soft when it comes to the end, and please continue to supervise the general public.

On November 24th, at the 148th press conference, Dan Yanzheng, deputy mayor of Chongqing Municipal Government, commander of the municipal epidemic prevention and control command department and director of the comprehensive office, said: At present, the results of nucleic acid testing in the whole city are authentic, so please rest assured.

He said-

Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have always attached great importance to the quality of nucleic acid detection. In this round of epidemic, in view of the laboratory quality problems with a large amount of detection and public concern, on the basis of monthly laboratory quality assessment and quality control spot check in the early stage, the Municipal Health and Health Commission strengthened management supervision, with municipal quality control experts "conducting daily inspections" and district and county experts "guiding at the station", participating in laboratory management throughout the process, and promptly urging and rectifying problems such as irregular management and process of individual laboratories.

For violations of laws and regulations, we will maintain a high-pressure situation, and immediately start the investigation procedure according to law for the detection errors reflected by the public. Once found, hell to pay.

Ability of nucleic acid detection-Thanks to the strong support of brother provinces and cities, the ability of nucleic acid detection in Chongqing has been enhanced.

Everyone must have noticed that the staff and volunteers of nucleic acid detection are very hard: airtight protective clothing is worn for most of the day or even a day; alcohol cleaning gloves are constantly rubbed, cotton swabs are torn open and carefully sampled …

Especially in the face of this round of large-scale epidemic and large-scale nucleic acid detection, the whole nucleic acid detection system in our city is facing the pressure of long-term and full-load operation, and there are problems such as staff fatigue, high-speed operation of nucleic acid system and obvious lack of detection ability.

In this regard, under the guidance and support of Chongqing Working Group of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, Chongqing has received strong support from some brother provinces and cities, which has enhanced the strength of nucleic acid detection in our city.

(Related links: Medical teams from 8 provinces and cities in China rushed to Chongqing and successively entered Cuntan and Yuelai Fangcang Hospital to carry out medical treatment.)

What should we do-participate in nucleic acid testing as required!

Li Pan said that the majority of medical workers are fighting hard, hoping to eliminate the doubts of some citizens through continuous efforts and higher-quality nucleic acid testing.

What should we do personally to support nucleic acid testing? It’s simple—

Participate in nucleic acid testing as required! This is not only responsible for personal health, but also the need to prevent others from being infected.

At present, the incubation period of Covid-19 is usually 2-4 days, the shortest may be 1 day, or even less than 1 day, and the longest may be 8 days. Therefore, the management policy for close contacts is "5+3" (5 days of centralized isolation and 3 days of home observation) to minimize risks.

The high-risk area is managed by this scientific law, and it will be reduced to a low-risk area after 5 days without sunshine. But this does not mean that there is no risk, and we must continue to observe. If there is mobility, contact, activity and aggregation in the high-risk area, it will cause new infections. If there is a new positive test, the time will be recalculated.

Therefore, lifting the high-risk area does not mean unsealing, but also strengthening observation. In particular, the current epidemic situation in the central city is still severe and complicated, and it is still the coordinated prevention and control of the central city and the implementation of social control.

Here, Xiaobian asks everyone to understand, support and cooperate with various prevention and control measures as always, especially for nucleic acid testing-

Dear friends, don’t give up and refuse the nucleic acid you should do. Only by doing a thorough examination can you find the infected person as soon as possible, block the transmission chain, win a complete victory in the annihilation war as soon as possible, and return to the fireworks of this city as soon as possible.

    Xinhua Online Haihai, July 23rd (Reporter Xu Xiaoqing) Recently, Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology officially released a long-term "boudoir-raised" non-legacy handmade font-"Yinyan Song Qi".

    Shanghai is the birthplace of modern news and publishing industry in China, which witnessed and promoted the development and evolution of modern Chinese character printing technology. "Chinese character printing and font writing skills" is an intangible cultural heritage in Shanghai, and its protection unit is Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology.

    In 1950s and 1960s, Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology explored the "printing font reform" according to the requirements of relevant authorities, and based on Shanghai’s printing and publishing industry, it collected talents in the fields of fine arts, calligraphy and sculpture from all over the country, and established the font research room of Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology. Today, people widely use computers to input Chinese fonts "Song, Black, Kai, Imitation Song", and the source of font design is this research room. For decades, through inheritance and innovation, the style of Song-style characters has evolved from the initial "Song-style integration" to "Song-style seven-style".

    The font "Yinyan Song Qi" released this time was designed by Xu Xuecheng, the first generation inheritor of the late "Chinese Character Printing Font Writing Technique". In 2020, under the leadership of Chen Qirui, the second generation inheritor of this technique, the value of this font manuscript was rediscovered. Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology started the development project of "Seven Styles of Song Dynasty", led by the fourth generation inheritors, and carried out digital development on the basis of full respect for the manuscript.

    The relevant person in charge of Shanghai Institute of Printing Technology said that the promotion of "Printing and Researching Song Seven" focuses on digital application, which will help to further inherit the intangible heritage of the printing industry and let more people know the evolution of modern Chinese printing fonts. This is also a respect and awe for traditional culture.

On April 10th, Google launched a series of practical barrier-free functions to help people with disabilities use Android phones, including text-to-speech functions, on-demand reading, subtitles and other functions. According to XDA, today Google launched a new function in its TalkBack service: a virtual Braille keyboard, which enables visually impaired people to type on their mobile phones without additional hardware (and without listening to Talkback voice prompts).

Google said that they have worked with Braille developers and users to develop this virtual keyboard, which will be familiar to anyone who has entered Braille before.

The keyboard adopts a 6-key layout, and each key represents one of the 6 Braille dots to form any letter or symbol. For example, typing "A" requires pressing point 1, while typing "B" requires pressing points 1 and 2 at the same time. Users can also use the keyboard to delete letters and words, add lines and submit text.

IT House understands that the new Braille keyboard will be integrated into the Talkback service as part of the "Android Accessibility Kit". . This feature is applicable to all applications, supports Braille Level 1 and Level 2, and is currently only available in English. It should be noted that the Talkback gesture is not available when the Braille keyboard is turned on.

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　　Author: ZZX

　　In April 2018, Dong Mingzhu mentioned in an interview.Shi Zeng responded domineering: "He (referring to Midea Group) is not an opponent at all. If I regard him as my opponent, I feel very sad." "I am the world’s boss in the field of air conditioning. Who is he?"

　　However, in just a few years,From "despising beauty" to "not catching up with beauty". According to the report of the first three quarters of 2023, Midea Group achieved sales of 292.38 billion yuan in the first three quarters, while the sales of Gree Electric in the same period was only 155.8 billion yuan, and the revenue of Midea Group exceeded that of Gree Electric by 136.58 billion yuan. From the perspective of profit, Gree Electric’s net profit opened a gap with Midea Group after 2019.

　　Then, why did Gree Electric fall far behind Midea Group in terms of revenue scale and net profit scale in just a few years? Is there a problem with Gree Electric’s corporate strategy and internal management?

　　Many strategic misjudgments have widened the gap between Gree Electric and Midea Group’s revenue and net profit.

　　By comparing the revenue scales of Gree Electric and Midea Group in recent years, we can also see that 2019 is a watershed between them. From the perspective of revenue, the revenue growth rate of Midea Group surpassed that of Gree Electric in 2019, and continues to increase. In addition to the HVAC business, the rapid growth of Midea Group’s revenue is mainly based on the rapid recovery of its small household appliances business after the epidemic.

　　From the perspective of net profit, Gree Electric’s net profit growth rate has been surpassed by Midea Group since 2018, and the net profit has been surpassed by Midea Group in 2019, and the gap has widened after the epidemic.

　　Gree Electric’s recovery after the epidemic is relatively weak. In terms of total revenue, the total revenue from January to September 2023 was basically the same as that in 2019 before the epidemic, but the net profit was not as good as that in 2019.

　　Going deep into the income statement, the sales expenses and management expenses of Gree Electric in the first three quarters of 2023 were 13.28 billion and 4.78 billion respectively, up by about 59% and 20% year-on-year.

　　Gree Electric mentioned in the company’s semi-annual report in 2023 that the reason for the increase in sales expenses was "the increase in product installation and maintenance fees". The author thinks that the cost increase is mainly due to the over-concentration of Gree Electric’s main business, and the air-conditioning industry accounts for about 70% of the company’s main business for a long time, lacking product diversity. Compared with Gree Electric, Midea Group’s business is obviously more diversified. In recent years, Midea Group’s continuous efforts in consumer electronics business have made the company’s revenue resilient and wide-ranging.

　　By analyzing the company’s strategy, the author thinks that the following three events may make Gree Electric be surpassed by Midea Group during the epidemic period and continue to widen the distance.

　　First, in 2012, Zhu Jianghong retired, Dong Mingzhu took over from Gree Electric, while He Xiangjian, the founder of Midea Group, retired and Fang Hongbo (Jin Qilin analyst) took over. The two sides chose different strategic paths at this critical moment. Midea group actively embraced the second curve and increased investment in new product research and development; Gree Electric, on the other hand, under the leadership of Dong Mingzhu, focused on the main business of air conditioning, and his business diversification was a little late.

　　Secondly, Midea Group complied with the trend of China’s business transformation, from scale economy to quality economy, and implemented supply-side reform and "efficiency-driven" strategy. Through the reconstruction of T+3 mode, agile operation and flexible manufacturing can be realized. Gree Electric, on the other hand, insists on the traditional mode of "pressing goods, rebate and fixing sales by production", which leads to rising costs and declining efficiency.

　　Finally, in the face of the rise of e-commerce, Midea actively implements the "two-wheel drive" strategy, which not only improves the efficiency of traditional channels, but also innovates the marketing model to conform to the development of e-commerce. However, Gree Electric’s e-commerce channel was slow and relatively negative in the early stage, which led to the online market share being surpassed by Midea Group.

　　It is noteworthy that Gree Electric entered the smart phone market in 2015. In 2017, on the first generation of Gree mobile phones, Dong Mingzhu, the chairman of Gree Electric, put his head on the boot screen of the mobile phone, and every time the user turned on the phone, he could see Dong Mingzhu’s photo with greetings from Dong Mingzhu below.

　　Although Gree Electric has never published its mobile phone sales, according to the sales data of several e-commerce platforms, the total sales volume of Gree mobile phones since its establishment in 2015 is about 40,000-50,000 units. In contrast, in 2023 alone, the total shipments of mobile phones in the domestic market totaled 289 million units.

　　In the smart phone market with many high-tech companies, such as Xiaomi Company, which focuses on cost performance, and Huawei Apple, which focuses on high-end, Gree Electric’s failure in the mobile phone market may have become inevitable.

　　The crumbling air-conditioning business in the post-cycle era of real estate

　　Lack of significant second growth curve support, business is concentrated in air-conditioning business in Gree Electric. At the bottom of the post-cycle of real estate, whether the company’s revenue can maintain the status quo may also be debatable.

　　As a daily electrical appliance purchased by every household, air conditioning benefited from the vigorous development of China’s real estate market in the past, and also ushered in its own prosperity. A number of studies show that, although there is a certain lag, there is a high correlation between the sales volume of air conditioners and the number of new houses delivered.

　　According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2023, the national real estate development investment was 11,091.3 billion yuan, down 9.6% from the previous year; Among them, residential investment was 8,382 billion yuan, down 9.3%. From the real estate market pain caused by aging and economic transformation, the author will put a question mark on the sustainable growth of Gree Electric’s revenue.

　　CCTV News:On the afternoon of December 13th, the State Council Joint Defense and Control Mechanism held a press conference. A reporter asked, some elderly people wanted to be vaccinated before, but they were assessed as inconsistent due to basic diseases and other reasons. Does this mean that they have not been vaccinated against COVID-19?

　　Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, responded that if there is a serious allergic reaction after vaccination, this kind of vaccine can’t be vaccinated again in the future, and most other situations belong to a slow vaccination scenario. In the early stage, because of the basic diseases, we assessed that it was impossible to vaccinate, and most of this situation belonged to delayed inoculation.

　　He said that if this elderly person has a basic disease, he is in the early stage of attack, he is in a stable stage after a period of treatment, or he can’t be vaccinated because of special treatment. When the special treatment is over, these people can consider vaccination, especially in the current situation where the epidemic intensity is relatively large and there are many sources of infection, these people can be vaccinated again after re-evaluation and permission. The elderly should be well protected before they are vaccinated, and this kind of protection is also needed in the later period. If he enters the stable period of the disease and after the special treatment, it is recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible if he meets the conditions.

In order to thoroughly implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on scientific and technological innovation and the spirit of the important instructions on the reform, innovation and development of the aviation industry, the leaders of the party group of China Aviation Industry Corporation put forward new requirements and made new arrangements for the scientific and technological innovation work of the group during the investigation of the subordinate units of the group. On the occasion of the eighth "National Day of Science and Technology Workers", China Aviation Industry Corporation focused on serving the front line of science and technology and launched a series of actions with the theme of "New Wisdom" to provide more convenient and efficient conditions for scientific and technological innovation for the majority of scientific and technological workers, and further stimulate their enthusiasm for self-reliance and self-reliance in aviation high-level science and technology.

1. Party leaders went deep into the front line to investigate scientific and technological innovation.

▲ The leaders of the group’s party group investigate scientific and technological innovation.

The party group of China Aviation Industry Corporation attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation and always puts scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development. Recently, Zhou Xinmin, Party Secretary and Chairman of China Aviation Industry Corporation, and Hao Zhaoping, Deputy Party Secretary and General Manager, went to Jiangxi, Shanghai, Gansu and other places to carry out relevant research work and visit cutting-edge scientific and technological innovations. In order to further promote the construction of China Aviation Industry Corporation’s capability center and sharing center, new requirements are put forward for scientific and technological innovation: first, we must resolutely take the lead in the aviation industry as the "flower of modern industry and the crown of manufacturing industry" and give full play to the role of scientific and technological innovation; Second, we should cultivate and develop new quality productivity, strengthen the research on basic technology and applied technology, and improve the laboratory system with integrated group and full professional coverage; Third, we must continue to improve the product pedigree, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and promote high-level and stable development through innovative development.

2. The Group’s first green book on scientific and technological innovation was officially released.

After careful planning, we carefully sorted out the main scientific and technological innovation planning channels, scientific and technological awards, achievements transformation, standards and norms, innovation platforms, digital aviation and innovation activities in higher authorities and groups in recent years, and compiled the Green Book of Scientific and Technological Innovation of China Aviation Industry Corporation Limited (2024 Edition) to provide desk reference books and innovative inspiration sources for the majority of scientific and technological workers.

3. The first "Learn from others" activity of the Group was officially launched.

In order to stimulate the innovation potential of young aviation science and technology workers and promote the cooperation of scientific and technological innovation in various units, China Aviation Industry Corporation (AVIC) relies on the "Aviation Industry Innovation Port" to carry out the innovation activities of the Young Doctor Association of Scientific and Technological Innovation. Since the launch of the activity, 169 doctoral members have completed the talent storage, and 101 projects have been declared. More than 600 leaders and experts, including group leaders, academicians and chief experts, participated in the voting and selection, and the List of Projects to be Supported by Learning from Others has been formed, and the project implementation will be promoted as planned in the future.

4. The first phase of the Group’s "Qingyun Project" was officially launched.

In order to strengthen the national strategic strength of aviation science and technology, build a highland of scientific and technological talents in aviation industry in Beijing, and build a digital innovation headquarters base, with the strong cooperation of China Aviation Industry Corporation and Beijing Municipal Government, the A1 scientific research building of the first phase of "Qingyun Project" passed the acceptance and was officially put into use, which will provide a cohesive environment for the majority of aviation science and technology workers, give full play to the driving role of aviation science and technology innovation scenes, drive the development of cutting-edge, systematic and basic technologies, and strive to build a world-class scientific and technological innovation base camp with modern aviation characteristics.

5. The research and development of the group’s "Smart Navigation, Quality Improvement and Efficiency Enhancement" model was completed.

In order to promote the in-depth application of artificial intelligence in the aviation field and use intelligent tools to serve scientific and technological workers to carry out scientific and technological innovation activities, China Aviation Industry Corporation has launched a large model of "Intelligent Navigation, Improving Quality and Increasing Efficiency" to realize the functions of comprehensive understanding and analysis of massive information, human-computer natural language interaction, intelligent semantic retrieval and generation, intelligent assistance in scientific research management, etc., to improve the work efficiency of scientific and technological workers in many aspects such as policy inquiry, scientific research management and achievement declaration, and to empower and increase efficiency in scientific and technological innovation.

At the same time, many units of China Aviation Industry Corporation have carried out various thematic activities such as scientific and technological innovation achievements exhibition and scientific and technological competition in a strong atmosphere of scientific and technological innovation.

May 30th.

"National Day of Science and Technology Workers"

Pay tribute to every scientific and technological worker!

Iron powder must be seen.

Original title: "China Aviation Industry Corporation launched a series of actions on the theme of" new wisdom "for scientific and technological workers"

Read the original text

　　Guangming net news Since the beginning of this year, large language models such as ChatGPT and ERNIE Bot have been popular, and the question of whether artificial intelligence (AI) can surpass human beings has aroused heated discussion. On May 29th, the "2023 China Computing Power Development Seminar" organized by China Intelligent Computing Industry Alliance was held in the Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The theme of this seminar is the opportunities and challenges of computing power under ChatGPT, which brings together many authoritative experts and scholars in the industry to conduct in-depth exchanges and discussions from multiple dimensions such as technology and ecology, determine the development trend of the liquidation power industry, and give countermeasures for the current artificial intelligence infrastructure and computing power service construction.

　　At the seminar, Chen Runsheng, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, said that the development of artificial intelligence is unstoppable by human beings, which is the essence of scientific development. At the same time, he pointed out that the phenomena of "Breakthrough" and "Grokking" in the big language model deserve our consideration.

　　What is "emergence"? A complex system is made up of many tiny individuals, who come together and interact with each other. When the number is large enough, it shows a special phenomenon that can’t be explained by micro-individuals, which is called "emergence". Chen Runsheng vividly explained, "I gave it (the big model) a lot of learning data, and as a result, there will be something in its answer that is not in the learning data. This phenomenon is called emergence." The calculation of a large model shows that when the training data is large (for example, more than 100 billion), there will be an emergence phenomenon, and this phenomenon will not occur when the scale is small.

　　What needs to be clear is that the emerging phenomenon is controversial in the scientific community at present. For example, a professor at Stanford University thinks this is a metric problem, which involves measurement, basic physical coordinate system and so on.

　　"Emergence in the process of natural language processing due to the rapid increase of the whole computation is a new problem, which is worth considering," Chen Runsheng said.

　　What is an epiphany? Chen Runsheng explained, "In the process of training a neural network, you don’t understand it once, twice, the fourth time, and the fifth time. Just like a child learning something, you don’t understand it once or twice, and you suddenly learn it after teaching N+1 times."

　　He believes that this is a model of human brain learning, "learning to understand at a certain time", "computers can’t have epiphany, but large models will have epiphany."

　　Not long ago, Claude, one of ChatGPT’s main competitors, expanded the number of tokens in the context window to 100,000, equivalent to 75,000 words, which greatly exceeded the 8192 tokens in the context window of GPT-4. This means that users can upload up to 500 pages of documents to Claude, which can understand and digest the information in less than 1 minute and answer users’ questions based on the uploaded information.

　　Claude was launched by Anthropic, a company founded by former OpenAI employees. Since the end of 2022, Google has invested nearly $400 million in the company.

　　In this regard, Chen Runsheng believes that the current learning speed of large models is much faster than we thought. "These two companies (OpenAI and Anthropic) are catching up with each other. Maybe after a while, GPT-5 will be stronger than Claude, and it will develop so fast that people will not catch up in the future."

　　"What’s more troublesome is that these big model companies are considering manipulating third-party equipment," Chen Runsheng said. "Being able to manipulate third-party equipment is a worrying thing. If you manipulate things related to safety and national defense, it will be terrible."

　　Chen Runsheng admits that the structure of human neural network is much more complicated than the current big model, and the development of artificial intelligence still has a long way to go. "The current (artificial intelligence) neural network should have revolutionary changes in the spatial structure model. Maybe at that time, (AI) can really surpass human intelligence." (Reporter Zhan Zhao)

Remember the flu "shock wave" this spring? The resurgence of influenza A (H1N1) subtype caused the school to suspend classes in a large area, and the children who had returned to school were returned home because of the flu. However, the affected children have suffered a lot, and symptoms such as headache, high fever and cough are indispensable, and parents are also worried.

As the weather gets colder and the seasons change alternately, the influenza virus becomes active. Prevent the flu, get vaccinated, now!

What is the flu?

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　　Cctv news On November 20th, the 2nd High-end Forum on the History of the Communist Party of China — — A theoretical seminar on "Great Changes in the Ten Years of the New Era" was held in Beijing. Xie Chuntao, deputy director of the Central Party School (National School of Administration) in charge of daily work, attended the forum and delivered a speech. Ouyang Song, former director of the Central Party History Research Office, Huang Yibing, vice president of the Central Party History and Literature Research Institute, Tao Kaiyuan, vice president of the Supreme People’s Court and vice chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party, gave keynote speeches, and Li Wentang, the education minister, presided over the opening ceremony of the forum.

　　In his speech, Xie Chuntao said that the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress comprehensively summed up the great changes in the new era in the past ten years, which has profound connotations and great significance. In-depth study and interpretation of the great changes in the new era should focus on four aspects: studying the new problems facing the new era, highlighting the problem orientation, and profoundly grasping the new situation, new tasks and new challenges facing the party and the country; Study the new ideas created in the new era, profoundly grasp the formation and development process of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and understand its theoretical contribution and practical power; Study the new measures implemented in the new era, and profoundly grasp a series of strategic measures adopted by the CPC Central Committee, a series of revolutionary practices promoted, a series of breakthrough progress achieved, and a series of landmark achievements achieved; Study the new achievements made in the new era and profoundly grasp the great milestone significance of the great changes in the past ten years in the history of party history, the history of new China, the history of reform and opening up, the history of socialist development and the history of the development of the Chinese nation.

　　Ouyang Song pointed out that the great changes in the new era in the past ten years are a historic victory won by the United struggle of the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China, a historic victory that shines through the history of the development of the Chinese nation, and a historic victory that has a far-reaching impact on the world. The great achievements in the new era fully prove that the "two establishment" is the decisive factor to promote the historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the state, and it is the most significant political achievement achieved by the party in the new era. Huang Yibing believes that the ten-year struggle in the new era has won great historical victories, created brilliant historical achievements, demonstrated great historical significance and revealed profound historical conclusions. In the new journey, we must further strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenance", always adhere to the "five necessary ways" and keep in mind the "three musts". Tao Kaiyuan said that the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress thoroughly summed up the historical achievements of comprehensively administering the country according to law in the past decade and fully affirmed the significant progress in the reform of the judicial system. For the first time, the report devotes a special part to making major arrangements for upholding the rule of law in an all-round way and promoting the construction of China under the rule of law, and making systematic arrangements for strict and fair administration of justice, which provides a guide to action for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way on the track of the rule of law.

　　Experts and scholars from Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference organs, Central Party School (National School of Administration), China Academy of Social Sciences, China Institute of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Peking University, China Renmin University and other units have further conducted in-depth exchanges and discussions on the historical achievements and historical changes in the new decade from the perspectives of economic construction, social construction, ecological civilization construction, "one country, two systems", diplomacy of great powers, and comprehensive and strict management of the party. Everyone agrees that the great practice of the new era in the past ten years has fully proved that "two establishments" are the decisive factors to promote the historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the state. We must strengthen our historical self-confidence, enhance our historical initiative, work hard and move forward bravely, in order to hand over new excellent answers to history and the people on the new road of catching the exam.

　　It is reported that the high-end forum on the history of the Communist Party of China is an academic brand carefully built by the teaching and research department of the history of the Communist Party of China of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), aiming at providing an exchange and discussion platform for the researchers of the history of various systems in the country. More than 50 experts, scholars and media representatives attended the forum.

　　On April 20 and 21, this newspaper reported the sudden increase in the sale of foreign license plates in the suburbs. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter found through interviews that the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP was launched at the end of May last year, and the Beijing Pass can be processed online. This original intention is to facilitate the people, but it has become a gimmick for many 4S shops to handle foreign license plates and sell cars at high prices. "The Beijing Pass is directly handled online, and there are no restrictions on foreign licenses except during peak hours and some main roads." Some auto 4S shop salespeople admit that since they went to Beijing Securities Network last year, there have been many local people who can’t shake the number to run Hebei licenses and other foreign licenses. Some 4S stores even promised to help get foreign licenses, and the agency price ranged from thousands to tens of thousands.

　　There are fewer obstacles to the long-term use of foreign licenses by the network office in Beijing

　　In the previous interview, the reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that there were a lot of local car owners who bought vehicles with foreign licenses in recent years. Among them, the Beijing Pass can be processed online from May last year, so that some locals who can’t shake the Beijing number plate will settle for the second best and start to consider buying foreign number plates.

　　Ms. Shi, a local who opened a license in Hebei, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that in the past, when driving a foreign license car, she had to go to the checkpoint at the junction of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to apply for a Beijing permit. Later, the validity period of the Beijing permit became 7 days. If the tail number was restricted, it was even necessary to take a bus to apply for a Beijing permit. If the permanent residents in Beijing drive foreign cars for a long time, the maneuverability is getting smaller and smaller.

　　However, since May 26 last year, the "Beijing Traffic Police" mobile APP has been put into trial operation, and the Beijing Pass can be handled directly on the APP. According to reports, more than 300,000 users downloaded it on the day of launch, and successfully handled 17,800 Beijing-based certificates, and handled 250,000 only one week after launch.

　　This original intention is to facilitate the people, and also let Ms. Shi, who has been unable to shake the number for a long time, see the feasibility of using the foreign number plate for a long time in Beijing. "It is really convenient to apply for the Beijing Pass now. You can click on it directly with your mobile phone." Ms. Shi told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that her current Hebei license car, as long as it is not in the morning and evening rush hours, does not go to Chang ‘an Street and the Second Ring Road, and it is used as a car in Beijing at ordinary times, and there is no obstacle at all.

　　4S stores seize business opportunities to encourage local people to buy foreign licenses.

　　The convenience of online access to Beijing permits also allows some 4S stores to see business opportunities. Some 4S shops even use this as a gimmick to help and even encourage local people to buy vehicles with foreign number plates.

　　Last year, the "Beijing Pass" can be handled and operated through the APP, which is much more convenient than before. As a result, it is more convenient for car owners with foreign licenses to drive in Beijing. A staff member of a domestic brand store said that since he entered the Beijing Securities Network Office last year, there have indeed been more car owners who have applied for Hebei licenses and other foreign licenses. He just helped a customer to apply for a Hebei license these days. "There are a lot of Hebei licenses running on Beijing Road now, and it is also very convenient to enter Beijing. It is also convenient to drive by yourself, but there are some restrictions during the peak period." He will also advise customers who need it to do it as soon as possible if they want to do it, because with the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, next to Beijing, "the license plate is so valuable, it will definitely not always be open to buy it. It is possible that relevant policies will be issued, and it will be difficult to get up at that time. Now many customers in Hebei are also rushing to buy a car, because if the policy is really out, the existing license will appreciate. "

　　During the interview, a staff member of a German brand 4S shop also told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that it would take about ten days to help run the Langfang license for 11,000 yuan, which can be delivered together with the new car. "Last year as long as three or five thousand can do a good job. Nowadays, many people have gone to buy foreign licenses. Recently, the management has been stricter, especially in the surrounding areas of Beijing, especially those with Beijing hukou. It may become more and more difficult to apply for foreign licenses in the future. "

　　A salesperson can get a foreign number plate for a week by acting as a residence permit.

　　The staff of a 4S shop of a domestic brand said that if you want to get a Langfang license, you need to hold a local residence permit before you can get it. If citizens work and live in Beijing, it is naturally difficult to hold a Langfang residence permit, so it is not difficult to handle it. They can help to get a foreign license. After I pick up the car, they are responsible for completing the whole process, including applying for a residence permit. After completion, they will inform me to drive to the place where I want to get a license, check the car and get a license. It takes about a week from picking up the car to completing it. In terms of licenses, licenses in Shandong and Inner Mongolia were relatively easy to handle in the past, but now I don’t know if they can be handled. Now there are more licenses for Hebei, which may be close to Beijing, so it is more convenient to handle. In terms of price, for example, he said that it costs 5,000 yuan to run a license in Shijiazhuang and 8,000 yuan to run a license in Baoding. He concluded that "the closer to Beijing, the more difficult it is, so it is more expensive". In terms of price, the staff of another 4S shop also revealed that most of the car owners who used to apply for foreign licenses bought models of 200,000 yuan or more. "It is thousands of dollars to get a license. If you buy a car with tens of thousands of yuan, it doesn’t feel very cost-effective."

　　focal point

　　The net office has not seen the threshold for entering Beijing. The reporter runs four cars a day.

　　According to the regulations, when applying for the Beijing Pass through the APP, the foreign passenger car applicant only needs to fill in the driver, the vehicle entering Beijing and related information, and upload photos of relevant documents. After the background audit of the system is completed, the applicant will be informed of the audit results in the form of APP message. Drivers can apply online one to four days in advance, and after successful application, they will get an electronic entry permit with a QR code.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily tried to use the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP to apply for a private car with a Zhejiang license. After downloading the APP in the app store, the reporter completed the account registration with his mobile phone number. Then, click "Apply for Beijing Pass" at the top left of the main page to enter the processing page. Click "Add Vehicle", select the vehicle type of the vehicle, fill in the vehicle number plate and engine number, and complete the filing of the basic information of the vehicle. Then click the "Apply" button, enter the brand model and registration date of the vehicle, upload the vehicle driving license, the front photo of the vehicle, the driver’s driving license and the front photo of my ID card, and finally select the time to enter Beijing, the districts and counties in Beijing and the expressway, and then click Submit.

　　As the first use is still relatively unfamiliar, the reporter spent about 20 minutes when applying for the first time. Subsequently, the reporter tested two vehicles with Guangdong license plates and one with Fujian license plates respectively. After proficiency, the application process of each vehicle was within five minutes, and it was necessary to wait for review after submitting the application. The above four vehicles with foreign license plates have never had a permit to enter Beijing, and there is no record of entering Beijing.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily found that the approval time of four vehicles was different. The fastest one successfully obtained the certificate in less than 2 hours after the application, and the longest one only took about 7 hours. All the above vehicles successfully obtained the Beijing Pass on the day of application. The electronic version of the Beijing Pass is directly saved on the reporter’s mobile APP, and its effect is the same as that of the entity’s Beijing Pass. The electronic Beijing Pass also provides a special link for printing, which can print a paper version of the Beijing Pass, but it is not mandatory. If the road police come to ask, they can directly show the electronic version of the Beijing Pass.

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　　There are fewer and fewer people who apply for Beijing Pass at checkpoints.

　　Compared with the situation that there was a long queue to run the Beijing Pass, the window acceptance of the checkpoint at the intersection of Beijing has been diverted by the network to run the Beijing Pass.

　　At 1 pm on April 20, the reporter of Beiqing Daily came to the Dawangwu checkpoint in Pinggu, and several large trucks were passing. In a room under construction on the edge, a middle-aged man was at the counter to apply for a permit to enter Beijing. In less than a minute, he successfully got a permit to enter Beijing with a seven-day pass next week. "It’s very simple. Just take your driver’s license, driving book, ID card, and the insurance label and environmental protection label of the car." As described by the middle-aged driver who drives a car with Hebei license plate, it is easy to apply for a Beijing permit on the spot.

　　At noon, after accepting this entry permit, the staff prepared for a nap in the chair. In the next 20 minutes, no one came here to apply for a Beijing permit. "Now you can do it on your mobile phone. It’s very convenient for you to scan the QR code on the poster posted here and press it." The poster pointed by the staff member is printed with the description of the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP.

　　According to some insiders, it can be seen that online handling of the Beijing Pass is a policy of benefiting the people, eliminating the trouble of long queues of vehicles from other places. However, it does make local people find a shortcut to use foreign cars for a long time, and the profit-oriented 4S shop has taken advantage of it, which is not conducive to Beijing’s general trend of controlling the number and intensity of motor vehicles.

　　This group/reporter Jiang Ruojing Li Zewei Lin Yan