Source: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

　　The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on July 28th proposed to improve the stability and international competitiveness of industrial chain supply chain and optimize the layout of domestic industrial chain. At present, what is the competitiveness of China’s industrial chain supply chain? In order to build a more resilient, safe and controllable industrial chain, solve the problems of supply chain sticking points, breakpoints and blocking points, and make up for shortcomings, what measures will be taken next? The reporter interviewed the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and related experts and enterprises.

　　Coordinate development and safety, and further optimize the industrial chain layout.

　　"The industrial chain supply chain is the backbone of the manufacturing industry and an important support for stabilizing the economic market." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology introduced that after years of efforts, China’s industrial chain supply chain has formed a relatively complete layout in industries and regions.

　　— — Strong large-scale production capacity. The output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products ranks first in the world, and the added value of manufacturing industry has increased from 16.98 trillion yuan in 2012 to 31.4 trillion yuan in 2021, accounting for nearly 30% of the global total, and the scale of manufacturing industry has ranked first in the world for 12 consecutive years.

　　— — Perfect industrial supporting capacity. It has 31 major categories, 179 medium categories and 609 sub-categories of manufacturing industry, forming a complete industrial chain from end products, parts and components, raw materials to related supporting equipment.

　　— — A number of carriers with strong support and driving ability have been formed. 445 national demonstration bases for new industrialized industries have been built, and the industrial added value has accounted for more than 30% of the national industrial added value; A large number of advanced manufacturing clusters with a certain scale and competitiveness have been cultivated, which has played a key role in enhancing China’s industrial resilience.

　　"From the impact of the epidemic in the first half of the year, there are still blocking points and sticking points in some links of China’s industrial chain supply chain, and the layout of key links in some key industrial chains is not reasonable enough. At the same time, the response mechanism for emergencies is still not perfect, and the ability to coordinate disposal needs to be improved. " The person in charge said that the next step will be to strengthen policy guidance and further optimize the layout of the industrial chain.

　　First, implement the "14 th Five-Year Plan" series of manufacturing plans, promote the implementation of major key projects, and guide the differentiated, characteristic and orderly development of various places. The second is to implement the guiding opinions to promote the orderly transfer of manufacturing industry, revise the guiding catalogue of industrial development and transfer in a timely manner, improve the national information service platform for industrial transfer, and promote the accurate docking of industries. The third is to guide local governments to connect with national regional strategic deployment, foster the development of advanced manufacturing clusters, and strengthen regional cooperation and industrial synergy. The fourth is to improve the gradient cultivation system of high-quality enterprises, cultivate a group of leading enterprises with industrial control and ecological dominance, a group of single champion enterprises with "unique skills" and a group of "small giant" enterprises specializing in specialty and novelty, and form an industrial ecology with upstream and downstream assistance and development of large, medium and small enterprises. The fifth is to strengthen the coordination and linkage between regions and upstream and downstream to ensure the stable and smooth supply chain of the industrial chain.

　　"Under the background of accelerating the reconstruction of the global industrial chain supply chain pattern, promoting the orderly transfer of domestic manufacturing industry will not only help optimize the spatial layout of China’s productive forces, but also help maintain the integrity of China’s industrial system and accelerate the construction of a dual-cycle development pattern." Cao Qianrui, chief researcher in the field of industrial chain and supply chain of China Electronics and Information Industry Development Research Institute, explained that at present, the central and western regions of China, such as Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan and other provinces, have developed into important national manufacturing bases. The state encourages some industries in the eastern region to move to the central and western regions, and also encourages foreign investment in the central and western regions, which helps to maintain the integrity of China’s industrial system. These regions can also be further integrated into the "Belt and Road" and become a new window for China’s manufacturing industry to open to the outside world.

　　Strengthen the collaborative innovation of industrial chain and build an integrated ecology.

　　It not only has a high-definition resolution far exceeding 1080P, but also saves more power than a 2K high-definition screen … … A few days ago, Xiaomi Company released a 1.5K customized HD resolution display. This new OLED (Organic Light Emitting Display) made by Xiaomi, tianma microelectronics and Huaxing Optoelectronics will be applied to Xiaomi’s brand-new mobile phone products in the near future.

　　Wu Cangzhi, head of Xiaomi New Display Technology Joint Laboratory, introduced that in order to promote the localization rate of OLED display industry and solve the "bottleneck" problems of upstream core raw materials and key equipment, Xiaomi and tianma microelectronics and Wuhan Huaxing Optoelectronics jointly established the "New Display Technology Joint Laboratory", which integrates equipment, materials and technology verification, and rapidly promotes R&D collaboration, technology iteration and commercial mass production of new technologies.

　　The collaborative development of domestic mobile phone brands and upstream panel enterprises in the industrial chain is promoting the strong rise of domestic OLED. In the second quarter of this year, domestic manufacturers accounted for 24.7% of OLED shipments, and their market share more than doubled compared with 2019.

　　"In general, there are still problems of poor circulation, weak foundation and low level in China’s industrial chain supply chain. Basic products and technologies such as key materials, core components and components still face greater security risks, and the industrial technology infrastructure is not perfect enough. There is still a certain gap between the quality, performance, reliability and stability of high-end products in some important fields and the international advanced level." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that in order to promote the advanced industrial base and the modernization of the industrial chain, next, we should strengthen the collaborative innovation of the industrial chain. We will implement the industrial base reconstruction project and key core technology research projects, strengthen the application of traction and machine-driven, encourage leading enterprises in the industrial chain to form innovative consortia, and strive to overcome "stuck neck" technologies and products.

　　"The leading enterprises in the industrial chain are both short-boards ‘ Leader ’ , is also forging long board ‘ Main force ’ 。” Cao Qianrui believes that large enterprises should be encouraged to improve their capabilities by taking the lead in undertaking major national engineering projects, and strive to cultivate a number of eco-leading enterprises with significant advantages in key core technologies, intellectual property rights, brand influence and market share. At the same time, it is encouraged to open up innovation, market and human resources to the middle and lower reaches of SMEs, and strengthen cooperation in technical research, production verification and standard setting, so as to form an industrial ecology in which large, medium and small enterprises work closely together and develop in harmony.

　　Promote the upgrading of industrial base and the modernization of industrial chain.

　　On August 4th, BMW Group and Hegang Group signed a memorandum of cooperation, and the two sides will work together to build a green and low-carbon steel supply chain for automobiles. Thanks to the 1.2 million tons hydrogen metallurgy demonstration project launched in 2019, from the middle of 2023, Hegang’s low-carbon steel for automobiles will be gradually used in the production models of BMW Shenyang production base. Compared with traditional steel, the production process of these low-carbon automotive steels will produce 10% to 30% less carbon dioxide.

　　The attempt of BMW and Hegang to build a green and low-carbon steel supply chain for automobiles is only a microcosm of the green transformation of China’s industrial chain supply chain.

　　"From an international perspective, building a green and sustainable industrial chain supply chain is a necessary condition for China to integrate into the global industrial chain supply chain and enhance its international competitiveness. In recent years, more and more countries have introduced relevant bills, taking green and sustainable supply chains as an important part of due diligence on suppliers. " Cao Qianrui said that building a green and sustainable industrial chain supply chain is conducive to promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, promoting the intelligent and clean transformation of traditional industries, and promoting the integration of eco-friendly industries and emerging industries.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that enhancing the core competitiveness of the industrial chain is an important content to promote the upgrading of the industrial base and the modernization of the industrial chain. It is necessary to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of high-end, intelligent and green traditional industries; Vigorously develop new technologies, new formats and new models, plan and deploy a number of future industrial chains, and promote the development of advanced manufacturing clusters.

Special feature of 1905 film network On March 19th, China Film Co., Ltd. and WANDA CINEMAS jointly launched "China Movie Dreaming Science Fiction — — The "serial film screening" activities were held in Wanda Studios and Huanying Studios nationwide, and fans were invited to this 4.2-light-year adventure journey with the innovative mode of "scheduled screening". The Wandering Earth series director, leading actor, photography director Liu Yin, production designer Gao Ang and visual effects director Ding Yanlai were invited to attend the post-screening activities of Beijing CBD wanda plaza Store to have in-depth exchanges with fans. Mr. Zhang Dayong, General Manager of Beijing Film Distribution Branch of China Film Co., Ltd., and Mr. Chen Hongtao, Vice President of Wanda Culture Group and CEO of WANDA CINEMAS, attended the scene.

For the first time, the The Wandering Earth series of films showed fans and masters in two directions to help domestic science fiction.

On the day of the event, the box office of the film exceeded one million, and a wave of "small broken ball" fan groups was set off all over the country. At the scene of the post-screening meeting of wanda plaza Store in Beijing CBD, the creative director interacted enthusiastically with the audience and went there in both directions. The fans showed their true feelings: "This visit to The Wandering Earth reminds me of my first touch when I saw the planetary engine on the big screen. It is an unprecedented China science fiction film, which truly shows China temperament, China core and China spirit. " When talking about the theme of "China’s movies dream of science fiction", director Frant Gwo said: "As filmmakers, we are the’ small stones’ in the development of science fiction movies. Your love and support have ignited the stones and become an inexhaustible motive force for us to move forward. With the joint efforts of everyone, China science fiction can be carried forward and developed better and better."

Frant Gwo responded to the scene that The Wandering Earth programmers sacrificed Sha Yi and fans to reproduce the film title.

At the scene of the The Wandering Earth series, some viewers asked if there was any special purpose for the sacrifice of programmers in both films. Frant Gwo, the director, said that there were few actual action scenes and strong conflict scenes in the drama, and he wanted to show the tension of the film through literary drama. The first episode is He Lianke, and the second episode is Ma Zhao. Their actions and lines have strong emotional conflicts.

Sha Yi, the leading actor, cooperated with fans who came from all over the country to participate in the event, recreating the classic tear-jerking picture of "China Aerospace Squadron, over 50 years old, leaving the ranks" in the movie.

The Wandering Earth opens a new era of sci-fi movies in China, making an appointment to show them, making the audience addicted to science fiction.　

The Wandering Earth was born in 2019, and was recognized as "the benchmark of science fiction movies in China". After four years, "Wandering Earth 2" returned heavily, once again setting off a sci-fi craze. With its shocking audio-visual, solid script, exquisite interpretation and resonating emotional core, this series has opened a new era of science fiction movies in China. Up to now, the cumulative box office of the two films has exceeded 8.7 billion, which is a milestone in the history of science fiction movies in China. China Film Co., Ltd. and WANDA CINEMAS jointly screened the series in the mode of "scheduled screening", which allowed the audience to indulge in sci-fi addiction once and feel its rich connotation and charm across time.

China Film Co., Ltd. and WANDA CINEMAS vigorously promote content ecological innovation

China Film Co., Ltd. and WANDA CINEMAS have divided the large market into small markets according to the audience’s age, gender, region and income level, and provided differentiated film content to meet the needs of different consumer groups. The "scheduled screening" activity in The Wandering Earth is the first linkage between the first screening and the secondary market, which not only enables the films with excellent creation and excellent production to be revived on the screen, but also expands the box office margin of the films being shown, providing more consumption choices for the audience on the big screen, cultivating the audience to form a stable habit of watching movies and playing an effective role in promoting the film culture.

Chai Zhengtao, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of Wenzhou Procuratorate, made a speech at the Digital Prosecution Competition of the city’s procuratorial organs.

Cangnan County Procuratorate launched a digital procuratorial salon activity with the theme of "Digital Empowerment —— Mining from Case to Case".

Big data is the "technology wing" to improve the legal supervision ability. In 2022, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate made a top-level deployment of the "Procuratorial Big Data Strategy". This year is also the year when the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee promoted the comprehensive integration, breakthrough in integration and centralized display of digital reform.

"Wenzhou procuratorial work should deepen the strategy of" procuratorial big data ",target the goal of" digital empowerment legal supervision takes the lead ",grasp the implementation, vigorously promote it, and achieve greater results with" digital empowerment supervision and supervision to promote governance "to realize the reshaping reform of Wenzhou procuratorial work." At the conference on procuratorial work in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province in early 2022, Chai Zhengtao, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of Wenzhou Procuratorate, put forward a clear goal to the city’s prosecutors.

Over the past year, Wenzhou City Procuratorate has paid close attention to implementation, increased its efforts in the actual combat effectiveness of digital prosecution, fully exerted its leading, inciting and reshaping role, strengthened its actual combat orientation, filled in shortcomings and weaknesses, took the initiative and kept innovating, and made every effort to promote the reshaping reform of the legal supervision mode of "digital empowerment supervision and supervision promoting governance". The great kinetic energy of digital prosecution is being transformed into a powerful potential energy to promote the modernization of social governance in Wenzhou.

Strengthen overall planning  Stimulate vitality in all-round integration

"In response to the’ porcelain-touching’ auto insurance fraud, our hospital dug deep into case clues, found difficulties in industry supervision, accurately screened data, and locked in supervision targets." "Our hospital focuses on the supervision of illegal trading of precursor chemicals and dangerous chemicals, and weaves the source prevention network, process supervision network and risk prevention and control network." "Based on the clues found by using the legal supervision model, our hospital successfully handled two false arbitration cases."……

Back to the beginning of September, 2022, following the "Golden Idea" exchange exhibition of digital prosecution and the report exchange meeting of digital case handling, Wenzhou procuratorate held a digital prosecution competition, and the main leaders of grass-roots procuratorates took the stage to show the actual results of digital prosecution "hard core". This is a microcosm of the digital procuratorial work personally grasped by the chief procurators of Wenzhou city and county procuratorates.

"The digital reform of procuratorial organs mainly focuses on finding common problems and common loopholes in social governance, promoting the’ one thing’ multi-scene reform, helping to solve various social governance problems and preventing and resolving various potential risks." In the digital prosecution competition, Chai Zhengtao made an in-depth interpretation of the characteristics of digital prosecution, so that all police officers could have a deeper understanding of the big data legal supervision path of "case handling-case supervision-system governance".

On this basis, Wenzhou’s digital procuratorial work has strengthened overall planning, made great efforts to deepen the breakthrough in one domain and the breakthrough mechanism shared by the whole province, and stimulated everyone’s endogenous motivation to participate in digital procuratorial work through measures such as selection, award and pioneering certification by digital procuratorial demonstration institutes, creating a batch of "landmark achievements" in digital case handling.

According to reports, since 2022, Wenzhou procuratorial organs have maintained the popularity of digital procuratorial work and promoted "one piece" with "one point". A total of 8 cases have been selected into the guidelines for digital supervision and handling of cases by procuratorial organs in Zhejiang Province.

Integration breakthrough  Fight the "tough battle" of data sharing

Digital reform is not only a "blue ocean" with broad prospects, but also a "no man’s land" to overcome difficulties. Therefore, to deepen digital prosecution, we must adhere to targeted focus, precise efforts, focus on key tasks and promote integration breakthroughs.

"At present, the biggest problem that hinders the promotion of digital procuratorial work is the sharing of law enforcement judicial information. Deepening the sharing of law enforcement judicial information is a key link to break through the data barrier of law enforcement judicial information. " Chai Taotao said.

"Information sharing is the basis for realizing the supervision from case handling to case-like. However, at present, it is difficult to obtain full data, and it does not meet the requirements of actual combat. Therefore, we should strengthen the demand orientation of legal supervision, make full use of superior policy documents, take the initiative to connect with relevant data sources, and obtain judicial data information of law enforcement in the jurisdiction through multiple channels. In 2022, the total amount of data collected and shared by our hospital increased by dozens of times compared with 2021. " Li Jun, director of the case management office of Wenzhou Procuratorate, introduced.

It is understood that since 2022, Wenzhou procuratorial organs have collected more than 50 million pieces of law enforcement judicial data at the city level alone, of which more than 30 million pieces have been stored on the ground, more than 20 million pieces have been called in the form of interfaces, and more than 40 inquiry interfaces have been opened. The total amount of data collection ranks in the forefront of procuratorial organs in Zhejiang Province.

The promotion of law enforcement judicial data sharing has effectively met the demand of collision and comparison between procuratorial data and law enforcement judicial information data in the process of digital supervision, and solved the data bottleneck problem to some extent. "In the case of dealing with Zhang and others buying and selling certificates of state organs, we found that illegal buying and selling had a high incidence of criminal activities on public accounts. By collecting basic data from the district big data management bureau, market supervision bureau, public security bureau and other units, and then through data modeling and data collision, we successfully compared 278 suspects. At the same time, we issued procuratorial suggestions to the administrative departments, urging them to cancel or cancel 44 companies that violated the law and 374 companies that were abnormally registered, and achieved the supervisory effect of inciting’ big governance’ with’ small cases’. " The procurator of the Longwan District Procuratorate in Wenzhou said.

There are tens of millions of data, and safety compliance is the first. While actively obtaining data, Wenzhou procuratorial organs pay attention to data security management, improve the data use approval process and data security management responsibility, establish a trinity data security management mechanism of authorization, authentication and audit, and at the same time promote the construction of data center, realize the low-code operation of prosecutors using data interface to query, and ensure the safety of data use.

Remodeling mode  Achieve a significant leap in the quality and effectiveness of legal supervision.

"The ultimate goal of digital prosecution is to improve the quality and effectiveness of legal supervision, and the direct result is to run more legal supervision cases with good quality and effectiveness." Chai Taotao said.

It is understood that since 2022, Wenzhou digital case supervision innovation case model has exploded, and the basic scale has been relatively large. However, how to strengthen the centralized management and key promotion of a large number of innovative case models of digital case supervision, and do a good job in the progress planning of digital supervision projects in Zhejiang Province and Wenzhou City has become an urgent problem to be solved.

"In this regard, we took the lead in developing the application of special supervision management command scene in the procuratorial organs of Zhejiang Province, thus realizing the visualization of digital procuratorial effectiveness display and overall management’ a game of chess’ in the city and county procuratorates, and at the same time connecting with the data application platform of Zhejiang Procuratorate, realizing the interconnection of supervision models, strengthening the whole process management of digital case-handling projects from’ project initiation’ to’ project closure’, and avoiding the waste of clues and the’ unfinished supervision’." Jin Zhiguo, the developer of this application and deputy director of the case management office of Wenzhou Procuratorate, said that the hospital has been identified as the only scene construction task undertaking hospital of digital procuratorial command center in Zhejiang Province.

Under the guidance of Wenzhou City Procuratorate, the digital procuratorial work of grass-roots procuratorates in this city is blooming and fruitful. The ouhai district Procuratorate created its own digital supervision model, and intelligently obtained 15 cases with 17 people who were not standardized in legal aid, so as to realize the accurate supervision of legal aid work in the whole process of criminal proceedings; Yueqing City Procuratorate carried out case supervision on the protection of green tax-related state-owned property, issued procuratorial suggestions to the tax authorities, urged them to recover taxes and late fees of 13.58 million yuan, and promoted Wenzhou City Procuratorate to formulate guidelines for digital supervision and handling cases in related fields; Rui’ an City Procuratorate has set up an intelligent auxiliary system for intellectual property case supervision, accurately screening clues that violate the prohibition of employment, promoting information sharing between market supervision and management departments and courts, and allowing market supervision and management departments to obtain criminal judgments and judgment execution data at the first time.……

"The hospitals have formed a trend of chasing after each other in handling digital cases, and the endogenous motivation of’ everyone is a digital case handler’ has been constantly stimulated." Chai Taotao introduced that by the end of December 2022, 17 digital supervision projects deployed by Zhejiang Provincial Procuratorate had all been completed in Wenzhou, and nearly 800 cases had been supervised.

"Wenzhou Procuratorate is doing its best to do the second half of the article" Supervision for Governance ",based on the special action of digital supervision, in accordance with the path of big data legal supervision of" case handling-case supervision-system governance ",aiming at the difficult point of social governance, strengthening communication and cooperation with relevant departments, promoting industry governance, mechanism construction and normalization special rectification, giving full play to the integrated effect of" one drop at a time and full revitalization ",and further realizing the quality and effectiveness of legal supervision of procuratorial organs. Chai Taotao said.

(Reporter Fan Yuehong   Correspondent Wang Lun   Dai Yichen)

Wencheng: digital delivery eliminates the pain of the parties.

The application of digital delivery has been piloted in many procuratorates in Zhejiang.

"Now legal documents can be delivered online, saving a lot of trouble! It takes less than a minute to sign the document! " Recently, Zhou, a criminal suspect in Jiangxi, signed the letter of attorney, confession and leniency system and other documents sent by wencheng county Procuratorate with one click. At this time, he is working in a local restaurant, ready to save money to pay the victim Huang.

From the original 1-3 days to the shortest 46 seconds now, documents reach the parties faster. Behind this change is the digital delivery application jointly developed by several procuratorates in Wenzhou. It is understood that there are hundreds of types of procuratorial documents and delivery targets, and the traditional delivery methods have problems such as long time, no trace, and the parties need to run many times. After the digital delivery application is launched, the addressee can "sign for" legal documents with one click through SMS, "Zhejiang Procuratorate" App, WeChat applet and "Zhejiang Office" App.

Chen Feng, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of wencheng county Procuratorate, said that the identity information used in the application of digital delivery comes from public security household registration information, integration of politics and law and other platforms, and real-name authentication is carried out by using technologies such as face recognition to ensure the security of delivery. In addition, opening up the "Zhejiang Procuratorate" App and the "Zhejiang Office" government platform will make the operation more convenient and time-saving. At the same time, the digital delivery application is embedded in the procuratorial business application system, which realizes the data interaction between the internal and external networks and ensures the accuracy of document data.

Since the digital delivery application was launched at the end of September, 2021, more than 27,000 documents have been delivered, and the average delivery time has been reduced by more than 50% compared with the traditional delivery method. Most of the recipients have completed the document signing within half an hour.

(Xia Lingxi)

Yueqing: The problem that the seized vehicles are difficult to track and detain has been solved.

"I will cooperate and drive the other two cars to the court this afternoon." A few days ago, in the underground garage, the executor Lu handed over the key of the seized car while promising to the prosecutor of Yueqing City Procuratorate and the executive judge of the city court who came to detain the vehicle. Since April, 2022, Yueqing City Procuratorate has carried out special supervision activities of digital prosecution for civil enforcement of vehicle seizure with digital empowerment, and supervised the successful implementation of 27 cases of vehicle seizure.

Lu and her husband Zhao are defendants in a private lending dispute. At the beginning of 2021, Lu and his wife were sentenced by the court to return more than 6 million yuan in arrears. Because they have not been fulfilled, they were enforced by the court in September of the same year. During the execution, the court seized three cars under their names, but the seizure was not actually completed because no vehicles were found. At the same time, because there is no other property available for execution, the court took measures such as restricting high consumption for Lu and his wife, and included them in the list of untrustworthy executors.

After a long time, Lu and his wife relaxed their vigilance, drove on the road again, and parked their cars in the garage of a nearby community in order to avoid investigation. However, their illegal behavior was exposed.

In February 2022, when examining the implementation of a private lending dispute case, Yueqing City Procuratorate found that although the vehicles under the name of Lu and his wife were seized by the court, they were still in normal use.

"There are very few people who have been executed to take the initiative to deliver the seized vehicles. In addition, there are many people who have executed the judges. How to find the seized vehicles and how to actually seize them are all practical problems." After understanding the relevant situation, the hospital found that this kind of situation has certain universality and modular characteristics of case-like supervision, so it launched a special supervision activity of digital prosecution for civil enforcement of vehicle seizure.

Yueqing City Procuratorate established a database on the basis of collecting the list of enforcement cases, the data of seized vehicles and the data of vehicle and vessel tax payment. By querying the vehicle and vessel tax payment records, annual review and vehicle activity tracks, it determined the usage and general activity scope of vehicles, and found a number of vehicles that were seized but still driving normally. In response to the verified vehicle clues involved, the court issued procuratorial suggestions to the court according to law, suggesting that it resume execution of this execution case with property available for execution.

At the same time, after in-depth analysis, the prosecutor found that some vehicles of the executed persons were difficult to be seized because the enforcement judge could not know the specific location of the relevant vehicles. In this regard, Yueqing City Procuratorate, together with the municipal court, the Public Security Bureau and the traffic management department, jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Establishing a Cooperation Mechanism for Seizure of Motor Vehicles (Trial)", clarifying that the seizure information of civil enforcement vehicles should be shared and shared, and a joint working mechanism should be established to jointly promote the handling of civil enforcement cases involving vehicle seizure and seizure.

(Zheng Peina)

Ryan: screening clues about the eligibility of litigants in massive data

Prosecutors of Ruian City Procuratorate use the information database of parties in civil litigation cases to screen clues for handling cases.

Recently, the Wenzhou Procuratorate promoted the experience of special procuratorial supervision of litigation subjects in Ruian Procuratorate relying on big data in the whole city, unified and compared the data of relevant cases in Wenzhou, transferred nearly 2,000 clues, issued 38 effective referee supervision and procuratorial proposals, and issued 16 civil execution supervision and procuratorial proposals, which achieved good results.

In June 2021, the civil prosecution department of Ruian City Procuratorate received a complaint. The complainant, Ms. Zhuang, claimed that the court enforced her husband’s estate and the joint property of husband and wife, and rejected some of her claims for inheritance disputes.

After investigation, the prosecutor learned that Ms. Zhuang’s husband, Chen Mou, was the executor of another financial lending dispute and died of illness on November 7, 2018. On January 18, 2019, the Ruian City Court filed a case to accept Ms. Zhuang’s inheritance dispute. However, during the trial of the case, some of the litigation objects, which are the common property of husband and wife, were enforced by the court in the financial lending execution case, and Chen Mou was also included in the list of people who were executed for breach of trust.

In view of the mistakes of the subject in the execution of the case and the problem of executing property beyond the scope of the estate, the Ruian Procuratorate actively communicated with the court. In April, 2022, the Ruian City Court replied that it had returned the wrongly executed case money to Ms. Zhuang, an outsider, by starting the execution revolving procedure, cancelled the wrong measures of identifying dishonesty and restricting high consumption, and corrected the wrong judgment documents.

Taking this case as an opportunity, Rui ‘an City Procuratorate established the information database of parties in civil litigation cases, screened the data of more than 200,000 parties in court trials and enforcement cases over the years, and screened out a series of case clues about the eligibility of parties in civil trials and enforcement cases. By the end of November, 2022, Rui ‘an City Procuratorate had issued 4 proposals for civil execution supervision and procuratorial work, 11 proposals for retrial procuratorial work, transferred 1 case clue to the administrative procuratorial department and 1 case clue to the duty crime investigation department, and all relevant procuratorial suggestions were adopted.

(Lin Feifan)

Lucheng: Building a Digital Supervision Model of "Margin to Fine"

Recently, the Procuratorate of Lucheng District of Wenzhou City has built a digital supervision model to supervise the cases where the bail pending trial is linked with the execution of property penalty, helping the court to execute the deposit for 121 people, involving an execution amount of more than 1.04 million yuan.

In March 2022, the prosecutor of Lucheng District Procuratorate found that some cases were terminated by the court because the executed person had no property available for execution, but there were still relevant personnel’s bail pending trial in the security deposit account of the public security organ.

In this regard, prosecutors take the "deposit-to-fine" as the breakthrough point of supervision, build a case-like supervision model, actively coordinate the public security organs and the courts, collect the data of deposit payment and court fine payment of public security organs since 2019, promote the implementation of the deposit paid by criminals sentenced to property crimes in the investigation stage of public security organs, and effectively safeguard judicial authority.

At the same time, the Lucheng District Procuratorate further extended its supervision tentacles, closely followed the whole process of the deposit transfer of the people involved, cooperated with the public security organs to carry out the deposit clearance, and returned the deposit of 2.54 million yuan to 584 people who met the refund conditions, fully protecting the property rights and interests of the people involved.

In addition, the Lucheng District Procuratorate has strengthened communication and cooperation with the courts, public security, judicial administration and other departments, and jointly issued the Implementation Measures on Establishing the Linkage Mechanism between Bail Pending Trial and Property Penalty Execution (Trial), which takes fine penalty as the entry point of property judgment, brings the deposit into the scope of court execution as criminal property, promotes the normalization and institutionalization of the linkage between Bail Pending Trial and property penalty execution, and effectively plugs the loopholes in the management of deposit circulation.

(Wang Fenghong)

Yongjia: Tapping the Potential of Data and Accurately Locking the Supervision Clues of Non-litigation Execution

"Nowadays, court enforcement activities are becoming more and more standardized, which is inseparable from the digital supervision work carried out by procuratorial organs." Recently, a representative of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Congress said when evaluating the effectiveness of administrative non-litigation case execution activities carried out by the court system.

At the beginning of 2022, when Yongjia County Procuratorate handled an execution supervision case, it found that there was still a large amount of water in the bank account of the executed company, and in the case of normal tax payment and operation of the company, the court ruled to terminate the execution procedure on the grounds that the executed company did not find any property actually available for execution. Later, when the executed company was well funded, the court did not resume execution in time, which caused the administrative fine to be delayed.

In this regard, Yongjia County Procuratorate fully tapped the potential of big data, especially in view of the actual property status and administrative law enforcement procedures of the executed person, opened up data acquisition channels, built a legal supervision model, and obtained effective supervision clues through massive data collision. In addition, the hospital also collected information from provincial and municipal data platforms, collided with the data of court enforcement cases, accurately excavated a number of supervision clues, and promoted the resumption of administrative fines of more than 1.36 million yuan.

According to reports, Yongjia County Procuratorate’s practice of digitally supervising the termination of this execution procedure has been affirmed by Zhejiang Provincial Procuratorate, promoted in the procuratorial organs of this province, and promoted the court system of Zhejiang Province to carry out governance on related execution issues. By the end of December, 2022, the procuratorial organs of Zhejiang Province issued procuratorial suggestions on cases that were not resumed in time after the execution of administrative non-litigation execution ended, and urged the court to add more than 200 people to be executed, and urged the execution to reach the designated position of more than 15 million yuan.

(Hu Jing)

(Promulgated by Decree No.20 of the President of the People’s Republic of China on October 31, 1989 at the Tenth Session of the Seventh the NPC Standing Committee on October 31, 1989, and amended according to the Decision on Amending Some Laws of the Tenth Session of the Eleventh the NPC Standing Committee on August 27, 2009)

　　catalogue

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Chapter II Applications and Permits for Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations

　　Chapter III Holding of Assemblies, Parades and Demonstrations

　　Chapter IV Legal Liability

　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of guaranteeing citizens’ exercise of the rights of assembly, procession and demonstration according to law and maintaining social stability and public order.

　　Article 2 This Law shall apply to the holding of assemblies, processions and demonstrations in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　The term "assembly" as mentioned in this Law refers to the activities of gathering in open public places to express opinions and wishes.

　　The term "procession" as mentioned in this Law refers to the activities of marching in procession and expressing common wishes in public roads and open-air public places.

　　Demonstrations mentioned in this Law refer to activities that express common wishes such as demands, protests, support and solidarity in open-air public places or public roads by means of assembly, procession and sit-in.

　　This Law is not applicable to recreational and sports activities, normal religious activities and traditional folk custom activities.

　　Article 3 People’s governments at all levels shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, guarantee citizens’ exercise of their rights of assembly, procession and demonstration.

　　Article 4 When exercising the rights of assembly, procession and demonstration, citizens must abide by the Constitution and laws, and must not oppose the basic principles defined in the Constitution, nor harm the interests of the state, society and the collective or the legitimate freedoms and rights of other citizens.

　　Article 5 Assemblies, processions and demonstrations shall be conducted peacefully, and weapons, controlled knives and explosives shall not be carried, and violence or incitement to violence shall not be used.

　　Article 6 The competent authorities of an assembly, a procession and a demonstration are the municipal and county public security bureaus and city public security sub-bureaus where the assembly, the procession and the demonstration are held; Where a procession or demonstration route passes through more than two districts or counties, the competent authority shall be the public security organ at the next higher level than the public security organ of the district or county that passes through.

　　Chapter II Applications and Permits for Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations

　　Article 7 To hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, an application must be made to the competent authority and permission must be obtained in accordance with this law.

　　No application is required for the following activities:

　　(1) Celebrations, commemorations and other activities held by the state or according to state decisions;

　　(2) Assemblies held by state organs, political parties, social organizations, enterprises and institutions in accordance with laws and articles of association.

　　Article 8 An assembly, a procession or a demonstration must be held with a responsible person.

　　The person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration that needs to be applied for in accordance with the provisions of this Law must submit a written application to the competent authority five days before the date of holding. The application shall specify the purpose, mode, slogan, slogan, number of people, number of vehicles, type and quantity of audio equipment used, starting and ending time, place (including assembly place and dissolution place), route and name, occupation and address of the person in charge.

　　Article 9 After receiving an application for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, the competent authority shall notify its responsible person in writing of the decision of approval or disapproval two days before the date of application. If it is not permitted, the reasons shall be explained. Failure to notify within the time limit shall be deemed as permission.

　　If it is really necessary to hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration temporarily because of sudden events, it must be reported to the competent authority immediately; After receiving the report, the competent authority shall immediately examine and decide whether to grant or not.

　　Article 10 Where an application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration requires solving specific problems, the competent authority may, after receiving the application, notify the relevant authorities or units to negotiate with the person in charge of the assembly, procession or demonstration to solve the problems, and may postpone the application for holding for five days.

　　Article 11 If the competent authority considers that holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration according to the time, place and route applied for will seriously affect the traffic order and social order, it may change the time, place and route of holding the assembly, a procession or a demonstration when or after deciding to permit it, and notify its responsible person in time.

　　Article 12 An application for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall not be permitted under any of the following circumstances:

　　(a) against the basic principles set by the Constitution;

　　(2) endangering national unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity;

　　(3) Inciting ethnic division;

　　(four) there is sufficient basis to determine that the application for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration will directly endanger public security or seriously undermine social order.

　　Article 13 If the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration refuses to accept the decision of the competent authority not to permit it, he may apply to the people’s government at the same level for reconsideration within three days from the date of receiving the notice of decision, and the people’s government shall make a decision within three days from the date of receiving the application for reconsideration.

　　Article 14 The person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration may withdraw the application after submitting the application and before receiving the notice from the competent authority; After receiving the notice of permission from the competent authority, if it decides not to hold an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, it shall promptly inform the competent authority. If the participants have assembled, they shall be responsible for dissolution.

　　Article 15 Citizens shall not launch, organize or participate in assemblies, processions and demonstrations of local citizens in cities other than their places of residence.

　　Article 16 State functionaries shall not organize or participate in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration that violates the duties and obligations of State functionaries as stipulated in relevant laws and regulations.

　　Seventeenth in the name of state organs, social organizations, enterprises and institutions to organize or participate in the assembly, procession and demonstration, must be approved by the person in charge of the unit.

　　Chapter III Holding of Assemblies, Parades and Demonstrations

　　Article 18 For assemblies, processions and demonstrations held according to law, the competent authorities shall send people’s police to maintain traffic and social order and ensure the smooth progress of assemblies, processions and demonstrations.

　　Article 19 An assembly, a procession or a demonstration held according to law shall not be disturbed, impacted or destroyed by violence, coercion or other illegal means.

　　Article 20 In order to ensure the procession held according to law, the people’s police responsible for maintaining traffic order may temporarily implement the relevant provisions of traffic rules flexibly.

　　Article 21 In case of unforeseen circumstances during the procession, the person in charge of the people’s police at the scene has the right to change the procession’s route.

　　Article 22 Where an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is held in or passes by the location of a state organ, a military organ, a radio station, a television station, a foreign embassy or consulate in China, the competent authority may set up a temporary cordon nearby in order to maintain order, and shall not cross it without the permission of the people’s police.

　　Article 23 No assembly, procession or demonstration shall be held within a distance of 10 meters to 300 meters around the following places, except with the approval of the State Council or the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government:

　　(a) the location of the NPC Standing Committee, the State Council, the Central Military Commission (CMC), the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate;

　　(2) the residence of the ambassador;

　　(3) Important military facilities;

　　(4) Airports, railway stations and ports.

　　The specific peripheral distance of the places listed in the preceding paragraph shall be stipulated by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　Article 24 The time for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is limited to 6 am to 10 pm, unless it is decided or approved by the local people’s government.

　　Article 25 Assemblies, processions and demonstrations shall be conducted in accordance with the permitted purposes, methods, slogans, starting and ending times, places, routes and other matters.

　　The person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration must be responsible for maintaining the order of the assembly, procession and demonstration, and strictly prevent others from joining.

　　When necessary, the person in charge of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall designate a special person to assist the people’s police in maintaining order. Personnel responsible for maintaining order should wear signs.

　　Article 26 An assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall not be held in violation of laws and regulations on public security administration, nor shall criminal activities or incitement to crime be carried out.

　　Article 27 The people’s police shall stop an assembly, a procession or a demonstration in any of the following circumstances:

　　(1) Failing to apply in accordance with the provisions of this Law or failing to obtain permission for the application;

　　(two) not in accordance with the purpose, manner, slogan, slogan, starting and ending time, place and route permitted by the competent authority;

　　(three) in the process of endangering public security or seriously undermining social order.

　　Under any of the circumstances listed in the preceding paragraph, the person in charge of the people’s police at the scene has the right to order dissolution; If a person refuses to dissolve, the person in charge of the people’s police at the scene has the right to decide to take necessary measures to forcibly disperse it in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and forcibly take the person who refuses to obey away from the scene or immediately detain him.

　　If a participant in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration crosses the temporary cordon set up in accordance with the provisions of Article 22 of this Law, enters a certain range around a specific place listed in Article 23 of this Law where an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is prohibited, or commits other illegal and criminal acts, the people’s police may forcibly take him away from the scene or immediately detain him.

　　Chapter IV Legal Liability

　　Article 28 Whoever holds an assembly, a procession or a demonstration and violates the administration of public security shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law on Punishment of Public Security Administration.

　　If an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is held in any of the following circumstances, the public security organ may give a warning or detain the person in charge and the person directly responsible for it for less than fifteen days:

　　(1) Failing to apply in accordance with the provisions of this Law or failing to obtain permission for the application;

　　(2) Failing to comply with the purpose, mode, slogan, starting and ending time, place and route permitted by the competent authority, and refusing to stop it.

　　Article 29 Whoever holds an assembly, a procession or a demonstration and commits a criminal act shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　Those who carry weapons, controlled knives or explosives shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　If an application is not made in accordance with the provisions of this Law or the application is not approved, or the starting and ending time, place and route approved by the competent authority are not followed, and the dissolution order is refused, thus seriously undermining social order, the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　If a state organ is besieged or attacked, so that the official activities or state activities of the state organ cannot be carried out normally, the person in charge of the assembly, procession and demonstration and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　Those who occupy public places, intercept vehicles and pedestrians, or gather people to block traffic, thus seriously disrupting the order of public places and traffic, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　Article 30 If an assembly, procession or demonstration held in accordance with the law is disturbed, attacked or otherwise destroyed, the public security organ may impose a warning or detain it for not more than 15 days; If the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.

　　Article 31 If a party refuses to accept the decision of detention punishment given by the public security organ in accordance with the second paragraph of Article 28 or the provisions of Article 30 of this Law, he may lodge a complaint with the public security organ at the next higher level within five days from the date of receiving the notification of the punishment decision, and the public security organ at the next higher level shall make a ruling within five days from the date of receiving the complaint; Anyone who refuses to accept the ruling of the public security organ at the next higher level may bring a lawsuit to the people’s court within five days from the date of receiving the notice of the ruling.

　　Article 32 In the process of holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration, anyone who destroys public or private property or infringes on others’ bodies and causes casualties shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law or the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment, and shall also be liable for compensation according to law.

　　Article 33 If a citizen initiates or organizes an assembly, a procession or a demonstration of local citizens in a city other than his place of residence, the public security organ has the right to detain him or forcibly send him back to his original place.

　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 34 The provisions of this Law shall apply to assemblies, processions and demonstrations held by foreigners in China.

　　Foreigners in China are not allowed to participate in assemblies, processions and demonstrations held by citizens of China without the approval of the competent authorities.

　　Article 35 The public security department of the State Council may formulate implementing regulations according to this Law and submit them to the State Council for approval and implementation.

　　The standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may formulate measures for implementation in accordance with this Law.

　　Article 36 This Law shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　The proliferation of gun violence has become a cliche in the United States. According to the data of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there were nearly 40,000 people who died at gunpoint in the United States in 2019, of which one-third died of murder and nearly two-thirds died of suicide. In addition, the proliferation of firearms will cause about 115,000 people to be disabled in the United States every year. In contrast, since the US military entered Afghanistan in 2001, the death toll of the US military there is 2,312.

　　According to the report of American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), the annual economic loss caused by gun injuries in the United States is about $300 billion, and the GDP of the United States is nearly $21 trillion in 2020. That is to say, the annual economic loss caused by guns is equivalent to 1.3% to 1.5% of the GDP of the United States. Putting this proportion into the huge economic aggregate of the United States, the absolute value is still very amazing: it is equivalent to Americans destroying a Finnish economy every year because of shooting (Finland’s GDP will be 300 billion US dollars in 2020).

　　It can be said that the severity of gun violence in the United States is unique among developed countries. Therefore, the issue of gun control has become a jargon in the debate of the American Congress. However, despite the fierce quarrels among lawmakers, they often start this endless debate whenever there is a large-scale shooting incident. However, in the past 50 years, there has been no real substantive decision on gun control and solving the problem of gun proliferation.

　　So, what makes it so difficult for the United States to control guns?

　　The reason why Americans have the right to hold guns is a bit roundabout.

　　First of all, we must clarify a concept, that is, the argument that people are free to hold guns in the Second Amendment of the US Constitution, which is emphasized by many gun-holding organizations, looks more like an absurd historical "myth" today.

　　In 1791, the US Congress passed the Second Amendment, saying that "a well-disciplined militia is necessary for the security of a free country; The people’s right to hold and carry weapons shall not be violated. " The reason for enacting this amendment is that holding guns by citizens will help prevent the expansion of the power of the federal government and prevent the government from imposing tyranny on the people.

　　It is true that many armed militiamen joined the struggle against British "tyranny" when the North American colonies became independent, but these militiamen with no military organization and no logistical support could not resist the attack of the British regular army for a long time. Even many militiamen joined the war of independence with the mentality of firing a few shots and sneaking home to continue farming if they failed.

　　The American War of Independence can be won, thanks to the French navy’s unprecedented defeat of the British Royal Navy, which has always been invincible in the 18th century. As a result, the British main force entrenched in Yorktown was cut off, and the commander-in-chief cornwallis was forced to surrender to the French army and the Continental Army led by Washington. The powerful "armed militia" is the "founding myth" of the United States, and it is the regular navy and army that really overturns the British.

　　△ In the Chesapeake Bay naval battle, the French fleet successfully prevented the Royal Navy from rushing to help the British main force stationed in Yorktown, thus controlling the sea power in the theater, causing the British army to declare its surrender after running out of ammunition, thus ending the American War of Independence. (Source: US Navy)

　　Moreover, individuals with guns can never compete with the state machine, and the US federal government does not hesitate to use military power far beyond the firepower of the people’s guns to carry out armed repression. During the American Civil War, a large-scale anti-conscription riot broke out in new york, and the American government responded with artillery. Some even said that warships moored in new york also participated in the suppression of the rioters. Unlike the revolvers commonly used by rioters at that time, the heavy weapons of the army were not available to the people at all, and even if they were held, they could not afford to maintain them.

△ In 1863, there was a conscription riot in New York, and the army used artillery to suppress the participants in the riot. (Source: new york Times)

　　In the 21st century, with the rapid progress of military science and technology, the firepower gap between the army and the people holding guns is even greater. Not only that, since the Bush era, the US military has also transferred surplus military equipment to local police through the so-called "Project 1033", and the US special forces have trained police officers, which has made the American police a veritable paramilitary organization. Under such circumstances, the American people also know that there is no good end to engaging in large-scale armed riots. Therefore, when the new york police made a move, the crowd dispersed.

　　After this year’s farce of "Occupy Capitol Hill", no one has stood up with guns and opposed the US government’s nationwide night fall.

△ The equipment and training of American local police have been militarized, and ordinary gunmen are far from their opponents. (Source: Johns Hopkins University)

　　The biggest beneficiary of people holding guns is the southern slave owners.

　　In fact, I’m afraid that the reason why the Second Amendment to the US Constitution was passed that year was not that members of Congress really believed that people holding guns was conducive to resisting the government’s "tyranny".

　　At that time, it was not long after the Shays Uprising (1786-1787) against the Massachusetts authorities, and the argument that people could not be trusted was still popular among the political elites in the United States at that time. In fact, the biggest beneficiary of allowing people to hold guns is the slave owners in the south.

　　When the United States was founded, slave farming was the most obvious private industry that relied on guns. In order to prevent slaves from rioting and fleeing, unofficial "slave patrol" system appeared in southern States, which is also one of the origins of American police system. According to the logic of slave owners, these slave patrols are also "well-disciplined militia" mentioned in the Second Amendment to the Constitution. The existence of slavery also explains why the amendment emphasizes that "well-disciplined militia" is crucial to national security, because only whites could join the militia at that time. Emphasizing that "militia" owns guns, not individuals, can exclude blacks from the ranks of gun owners and realize the absolute superiority of whites over blacks in force. At that time, the slave uprising in the French colony of Haiti was in full swing, and black slaves slaughtered a large number of white slave owners, which seriously stimulated American slave owners.

　　It can be said that it is an inevitable interest proposition of these people to emphasize the gun support right of white militia.

　　The Paradox between Gun Control and Law

　　At this point, we can see that the Second Amendment to the American Constitution is out of touch with the development of the times, and the basis of legislation at that time seems to be contrary to the basic moral standards of mankind today. This amendment is also the most fundamental legal reason for the inability to control guns in the United States today.

　　However, as a basic law, the American Constitution can hardly be amended again. According to the current law, amending the Constitution requires at least two-thirds of the members of the Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively. However, in the Congress where politics and lobbying prevailed in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, lobbying organizations, represented by the National Rifle Association of the United States and reflecting the interests of various arms dealers, have long held key members firmly in their own hands. Not to mention amending the constitution, any attempt to tighten gun control at the state and federal levels will be strongly and effectively stopped by the Rifle Association.

△ The National Rifle Association (NRA) is one of the most important political lobbying groups in the United States. (Source: NRA official website)

　　Not only Congress, but also the judiciary has played a very disgraceful role in the problem of gun proliferation in the United States.

　　Compared with long-barreled firearms, pistols are more secretive, which is beneficial for gunmen to engage in large-scale shooting by surprise, and is also very suitable for suicide. Therefore, the city government of Washington, the capital of the United States, once attempted to completely ban the possession of pistols. However, in 2008, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the actions of the Washington municipal government were unconstitutional, and at the same time reinterpreted the Second Amendment, confirming that the right to own guns was not limited to militia, but included all individuals. Since the ruling of the Federal Supreme Court is final, it means that gun control efforts in many states have been wasted.

　　The game of gun control and gun prohibition

　　Of course, the justices of the Federal Supreme Court did not forget to show their "neutrality" in their judgments, claiming that guns and gun rights still need to be managed by someone. Nice words, but how to "manage" guns is a mess that puzzles American politicians.

　　Due to the federal nature of the United States, the responsibility for formulating specific gun management policies is shared by the federal government and local governments. The federal government is responsible for issuing gun sales licenses and conducting background checks on gun buyers to confirm that they have no criminal record before they can legally hold guns. Local governments are responsible for formulating specific provisions for carrying guns in public places. It seems that governments at all levels have a clear division of labor, but there are many loopholes in actual operation.

　　First of all, not everyone needs a federal license to sell guns. If they are selling guns in their own homes, online or at gun exhibitions, they do not need a federal license to sell guns for long-term profit. Because enterprises and individuals with sales licenses have the responsibility to inform the federal government of the identity of gun buyers so that they can conduct background checks, this means that when sellers without licenses sell guns, the federal government cannot investigate the identity of buyers. According to a study conducted by Harvard University in 2017, one-fifth of the gun transactions in the United States have not undergone background checks.

　　Second, since gun ownership has become a "natural human right", only a few states require residents to apply for a gun license. Therefore, most of the time, the government passively screens the legitimate owners when the gun trade takes place. Except for those States that need to have a license to buy guns, local governments can’t actively screen gun owners or train gun owners in the code of conduct.

　　Third, even if a comprehensive background check system is implemented nationwide, as many gun control groups now support, to plug the loopholes that guns can’t be investigated during gun exhibitions or online purchases, or to implement a nationwide gun purchase license system, it can’t solve a core problem, that is, because guns in the United States have been flooding for a long time, a large number of criminals illegally buy guns through the black market instead of through formal channels. This means that no matter how many gun control policies are formulated by the government, as long as the United States can’t implement a strict national ban on guns, people who want to own guns always have ways to deal with it. All gun control policies instead of banning guns are aimed at preventing gentlemen and not villains.

△ American people who participated in the national demonstration on gun violence day. (Source: Capitol Hill)

　　Why is there no solution to the rampant gun violence?

　　The problem of gun proliferation in the United States is a typical institutional case. The revision of the Constitution, the legislation of Congress, the interpretation of the law by the courts, the separation of powers between the central and local governments, lobbying and the intervention of interest organizations, almost all kinds of gloomy aspects in American politics are reflected in the gun issue. To solve the problem of gun violence in the United States, I’m afraid what we need is not to tinker with a certain law, but to thoroughly reform the system of representative federalism with three powers, which is full of ills. But this is completely impossible to achieve in the United States today, so we can only let it go.

　　Now, Americans are completely numb to large-scale gun incidents. Since the beginning of this year, there have been nearly 250 large-scale shooting incidents that have caused more than three casualties. Gun control, like other stubborn diseases that cannot be solved because of the American system, has become a tool used by politicians to attack each other. The more quarrelling, the less means to solve it properly, and the gun violence will continue. After all, members of parliament live in wealthy areas with good public security, and the shooting of people is still far away from them. (Contributed by Jing Zhao)

Bulletin of Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Education on 29 Typical Cases of Teachers Violating Teachers’ Morality and Morality

　　Cctv news(Reporter Li Wenxue) On July 9, following the Harbin Municipal Education Bureau’s notification of handling 28 typical cases of teachers’ moral anomie a week ago, the Education Department of Heilongjiang Province reported the handling of 29 typical cases of teachers’ violation of teachers’ morality and style.

　　The teachers who were notified this time involved universities, middle schools, primary schools, and even kindergartens. The main problems are cheating in make-up exams, academic misconduct, accepting gifts, and making up classes with compensation.

　　Among the college teachers who were notified, Li Yanchao, a teacher of Heilongjiang University, collected 25,000 yuan from 25 students during the make-up exam marking period, provided them with make-up exam papers and standard answers, and was expelled from the Party.

　　Hu Xueli, a teacher of Heilongjiang University, as a teacher of self-propositional subjects of art major in Heilongjiang University in 2019, gave centralized counseling to 10 candidates, with a total fee of 30,000 yuan. She was given a warning and returned her disciplinary income.

　　Duan Lihua, a teacher of Harbin Normal University, made up lessons for some students one week before the final exam of the second semester of the 2016-2017 academic year, and collected a total of 8,800 yuan for making up lessons. She was severely warned by the party, recorded a demerit and returned her disciplinary income.

　　He Changbo, a teacher of Harbin Normal University, accepted 8,000 yuan from students. In the process of reviewing the make-up examination paper of Sports Statistics course, he was found to have committed fraud and dereliction of duty. He was punished by staying in the party for one year, lowering his post level, transferring from his teaching post and returning his disciplinary income.

　　Shi Xiuchuan, a teacher at Harbin University of Commerce, has been warned that the copy ratio of 39 papers published since 2017 is seriously exceeding the standard, and there are problems such as "plagiarizing the written expression", "not indicating the citation of other people’s research results and sources" and "multiple contributions for one manuscript".

　　Yang Junjie, a teacher of Harbin Huade College, illegally collected 9560 yuan from 965 students in three grades of the college during his tenure as the vice president of the College of Art and Media, kept it privately and reported it illegally. After verifying that 2601.2 yuan was not handed in, he was given a demerit, kept on duty for inspection and deducted a scholarship for semester performance.

　　Wang Haibin, a teacher of Heilongjiang Biotechnology Vocational College, sends shopping links to students through WeChat and asks for items from students; Receiving gifts from students; Accepted student banquets, with a total amount of more than 4,000 yuan, was punished by the party, removed from the post of deputy director of the department, revoked the honorary title of the most popular teacher in the college, and transferred from the post of teacher.

　　In this notification list, middle school teachers account for a huge proportion.

　　BOB, a teacher of the Second Middle School in Jidong County, Jixi City, rented a kindergarten during the winter vacation from January to February, 2019, and made up lessons in violation of regulations on the grounds that students attended self-study, for a total of 29 days, with a fee of 67,892 yuan, which was severely warned by the party and reduced in post level.

　　Zhang Jinbing, a teacher of Mudanjiang No.11 Middle School, paid 40,000 yuan for remedial classes. He was punished by lowering his post level, made a profound written review, returned his disciplinary income, and cancelled the award evaluation within two years.

　　Sha Weiwei, a teacher of Mudanjiang No.14 Middle School, organized 18 students to make up lessons at the New Dream Education School with a total fee of 7,200 yuan. He was punished by lowering his post level, making a profound written review, returning his disciplinary income, and canceling the evaluation within two years.

　　Yu Tianming, a teacher of qitaihe city No.10 Middle School, paid extra lessons to 12 students in violation of regulations during the holidays, and charged each student a 600 yuan tuition fee. He was punished by lowering his professional skills by one grade and was disqualified from applying for professional and technical post evaluation and employment within three years.

　　Wang Fusheng, a teacher of wudalianchi city No.2 Middle School in Heihe City, illegally recruited boarding students at home, and made up lessons for some junior high school boarding students and 11 students who didn’t stay at his home, with a total charge of 6,920 yuan. He was punished by demerit, returned his disciplinary income and transferred from the No.2 Middle School.

　　Zhang Jing, a teacher of hegang No.21 Middle School, paid extra lessons for 27 students. Each student charged 200 yuan extra lessons every month, with a total fee of 5,400 yuan. She was punished by demerit, returned her disciplinary income, made a written examination, and was disqualified from evaluation and promotion within three years.

　　Yang Panshu, a teacher of No.51 Middle School in Daoli District, Harbin, was invited by the parents Liu to make up lessons for 8 students in this class and 4 students outside the school. By the end of November 2018, Liu had collected a total of 5,100 yuan from six students and paid 4,500 yuan to Yang Panshu. Yang Panshu was given a demerit and returned the disciplinary income.

　　Zhang Zhenqiang, a teacher of No.34 Middle School in Longsha District, Qiqihar City, gave one-on-one tutoring to five students in his own home. When checking, he charged a total of 4,400 yuan. He was punished by demerit and returned his disciplinary income.

　　Jianshe Wang, a teacher of No.5 Middle School in nehe city, Qiqihar City, organized 11 students to make up lessons outside the school, and each student received a monthly tuition fee of 300 yuan. When checking, the total fee was 2,400 yuan, which was punished by demerit.

　　Wo Shuying, a teacher of No.4 Middle School in Jiagedaqi District of Daxing ‘anling, charged 2000 yuan for organizing 13 junior high school students to make up English in her own home, and also ordered tutoring materials for 13 students, with a total charge of 426.4 yuan. She was punished by lowering her post level and returned her disciplinary income.

　　Yu Jingxi, a teacher of Hongqiao Middle School in nangang district, Harbin, paid extra lessons for 19 students, with a total fee of 1,710 yuan, and was punished by the party.

　　Lin Dongbo, a teacher of No.6 Middle School in Yichun District, Yichun City, charged four students a tuition fee of 1,200 yuan, and was severely warned and punished by the party, and the post of director of the Political and Educational Affairs Office was revoked.

　　Hou Xiaolei, a teacher of Shuangyashan No.1 Middle School, made up lessons for 11 students, each of whom charged 100 yuan every time, and was severely warned by the Party and demoted.

　　Feng Xigang, a teacher of Xiaohong Middle School in nangang district, Harbin, made up lessons at the Beijing Youcai Cultural School in Xidazhi Street rented by his classmate Li, and the expenses were charged by Li to the students, and Li gave Feng Xigang a tuition fee for 1000 yuan. Feng Xigang was severely punished by the party.

　　Zhang Xingwang, a teacher of Fuyuan No.3 Middle School in Jiamusi City, used the weekend to make up lessons for 13 students, and each student paid 200 yuan a month for making up lessons. On that day, five students paid 1000 yuan for making up lessons. Zhang Xingwang was warned by the party.

　　In addition to the above 15 middle school teachers being notified and dealt with for paid classes, three middle school teachers were also notified and dealt with for accepting parents’ gifts, engaging in business activities in violation of regulations, and illegally designating students to purchase supplementary teaching materials.

　　Li Xueping, a teacher of No.3 Middle School in Tongjiang City, Jiamusi City, received a WeChat red envelope of 588 yuan from the parents of two students through WeChat during the "March 8" Women’s Day, and was given a warning.

　　Shao Zhenbo, a teacher of Daqing No.23 Middle School, was twice registered as a cultural goods store and musical instrument store in partnership with others, and served as a legal person, engaged in business activities, and was punished by a demerit.

　　Zheng Lei, a teacher of No.2 Middle School in Anda City, Suihua City, asked the students in her class to specify the purchase of geography exercise books. At the time of verification, she had purchased 99 copies, each 25 yuan, involving a total amount of 2,475 yuan, and was given a warning.

　　In addition, there are three primary school teachers on the list who have been notified and dealt with, mainly involving the issue of receiving parents’ gifts and making up lessons in violation of regulations.

　　Ren Shihong, a teacher of tieli city No.2 Primary School in Yichun City, received a total of 1,900 yuan from parents’ WeChat red envelopes during Teacher’s Day in 2018, and made paid remedial classes outside the school for three times, with a total charge of 5,200 yuan. He was punished by lowering his post level, revoking his post as head teacher and returning his disciplinary income.

　　Tong Dongmei, a teacher of Majiagou Primary School in nangang district, Harbin, has received gifts worth 3,076 yuan from the family Committee three times. The acquiescence of the family Committee to organize parents to charge for the class to buy printers (worth 7900 yuan). During the investigation, Tong Dongmei returned the expenses for personal gifts and class purchase of printers to the parents of the students, and was punished by the party.

　　Li Xiaomei, a teacher of Xincheng Primary School in Longsha District, Qiqihar City, received a total tuition fee of 1,400 yuan for holding a cram school, and was punished by the party’s warning. He was disqualified from three honors, namely, 2017 district-level teacher, 2018 city-level excellent teacher and 2018 district-level excellent teacher, and was disqualified from evaluation within three years.

　　The kindergarten teacher notified in the list is Wang Hongxu, a kindergarten teacher in Kangrong Center, Lanxi County, Suihua City.

　　From March to April, 2019, Wang Hongxu co-founded an unlicensed paid nursing class with others (non-teachers), and received a total nursing fee of 3,400 yuan in two months. He was given a demerit and was not allowed to evaluate the priority model, promote the professional title and transfer from the post of class teacher within two years.

　　The Education Department of Heilongjiang Province requires all localities to continue to strengthen discipline, resolutely investigate and deal with teachers who go their own way and violate discipline, and disqualify all teachers who do not converge and stop, and if the circumstances are serious, strive to create a good ecology in the field of education and run a satisfactory education for the people.

　　CCTV News:In this year’s government work report, the cancellation of provincial toll stations on national expressways was mentioned again. Today, the Ministry of Transport introduced the latest progress of this work.

　　According to the statistics of the Ministry of Transport, there are still 229 toll stations on the main expressway in China. The cancellation of these toll stations involves the reform and innovation of the toll collection mode, as well as a large number of hardware engineering construction and software upgrading, the unification of relevant policies, and the placement of personnel, which is quite difficult.

　　Wu Chungeng, spokesperson of the Ministry of Transport: Because expressways are built and operated by provinces, involving many business entities and some economic organizations, they all entered according to the law, and now they have to withdraw their stations, which involves fund settlement. In order to reflect fairness, the amount of coordination is very large. When it comes to personnel placement, there are about 30,000 people in more than 200 main line stations, which need to be properly placed within a certain period of time.

　　Wu Chungeng revealed that the Ministry of Transport regards the cancellation of provincial toll stations on expressways as the top priority in 2019. A special work headquarters has been set up to clarify the implementation route and related technical solutions.

　　At present, in view of each technical difficulty and risk point, the special work headquarters has formulated a plan and has specific countermeasures to achieve the goal of withdrawing the station.

　　Wu Chungeng, spokesperson of the Ministry of Transport: We will mobilize all forces and do everything possible to ensure that the provincial toll stations of national expressways will be basically cancelled ahead of schedule within two years.

The following article is from China Foreign Languages Bureau, and the author is China Foreign Languages Bureau.

China International Publishing Group (CIPG)

Official account of China Foreign Languages Bureau

In order to serve the practice of translation at home and abroad and help improve the level of national translation capacity building, the Institute of Contemporary China and the World of China Foreign Languages Bureau and the China Translation Research Institute focus on the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in 2019, the major decision-making arrangements of the central government and the new expressions of new concepts, new categories and important party and government conference documents. More than 420 current political terms in China were selected and compiled from eight aspects: politics, economy, culture, society, ecological civilization, diplomacy and military affairs, poverty alleviation, science and technology. They were translated and approved by the Expert Committee of Major Translation Review in translators association of china and the mechanism of coordinating key translation tasks in China Translation Research Institute, forming a Chinese-English comparison for the reference of the industry and related personnel. Share the second part with you today.

The English Translation Report of Important Political Terms in China (2019) is one of the annual series of achievements of the research on the standardization of foreign translation of China’s characteristic words, aiming at strengthening the standardization and standardization of foreign translation of China’s political terms, providing strong support for the industry in expressing foreign words, helping to tell the story of China and spread the voice of China well, enabling foreign audiences to better understand China’s ideas and China’s thoughts, China’s policies and China’s development path, and further promoting the international spread of the Supreme Leader’s socialist thought with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

Please click on the previous article:

English Translation Report of Important Political Terms in China in 2019 (I)

six

Foreign affairs and military affairs

1. Reform and construction of global governance system

to reform and develop the global governance system

2. Discuss, build and share the global governance concept.

an approach to global governance based on extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits

3. New international relations

a new form of international relations

a new model of international relations

4.人类命运共同体

a global community of shared future

a global community with a shared future

a community of shared future for humanity

a community of shared future for mankind

5.中国开放的大门只会越开越大

China will only become more and more open.

6.中国市场这么大，欢迎大家都来看看

The Chinese market is such a big one that you should all come and see what it can offer.

7.加大对最不发达国家支持力度

to increase support to least developed countries

8.推进互联互通，挖掘增长新动力

to boost connectivity to explore new sources of growth

9. Strengthen policy docking and build closer partnership.

to strengthen policy coordination and build closer partnerships

10. Global Connectivity Partnership

a global partnership on connectivity

11. "Belt and Road" special loan

the Belt and Road multi-currency special lending

12. Consultation should be based on mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit.

Consultations should be based on mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit.

13. Consultations should be conducted in the opposite direction and based on good faith.

Consultation involves working toward the same goal in good faith.

14. China will never give in on the issue of principle.

China will not give ground on issues of principle.

15. No challenge can stop the progress of China.

No challenge will hold back China’s development.

16. International system with the United Nations at its core.

the UN-centered international system

17. Unilateralism

unilateralism

18. Protectionism

protectionism

19. Managing the deficit

deficit of governance

20. Development deficit

deficit of development

21. Trust deficit

deficit of trust

22. Create a peaceful and stable security environment.

to foster a security environment of peace and stability

Hegemonism and power politics

hegemonism and power politics

24. Seek the development prospect of openness and innovation.

to pursue greater development prospects through openness and innovation

Multilateralism

multilateralism

26. Multilateral trading system

multilateral trading system

The Paris Agreement

The Paris Agreement (on climate change)

28. Promote people-to-people exchanges of mutual learning and learning.

to promote mutual learning through people-to-people exchanges

29. Discuss, build and share

extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits

30. World multipolarization, economic globalization, cultural diversity and social informatization.

The world today is moving toward greater multi-polarity, economic globalization, and cultural diversity, and is becoming increasingly information-oriented.

31. Peaceful and tranquil Asia

peace and stability across Asia

32. Asia with common prosperity

common prosperity in Asia

33. Open Asia

an open and better-connected Asia

34. All countries work together to promote open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win economic globalization.

Countries will work together to promote economic globalization and make it more open, inclusive, balanced, and beneficial to all.

35. Show and spread the beauty of civilization

for the best of Asian civilizations to spread and be better known in the world

36. Open, inclusive and learn from each other.

to stay open and inclusive and draw on each other’s strengths

37. Emerging market countries

emerging markets

38. Seek open and innovative development prospects.

to pursue greater development prospects through openness and innovation

39. The new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are in the ascendant.

A burgeoning round of technological revolution and industrial transformation has taken place.

40. Promote changes in the global economic governance system.

to push for reform of the global economic governance system

41. BRIC+

“BRICS Plus”

42. BRICS New Industrial Revolution Partnership

the BRICS partnership on new industrial revolution

43. Independent foreign policy of peace

the independent foreign policy of peace

44. Community of Destiny in Central Africa

the China-Africa community with a shared future

45. Community of Destiny between China and Latin America

the China-LAC (Latin America and the Caribbean) community with a shared future

46. Asia-Pacific Community of Destiny

the Asia-Pacific community with a shared future

47. Mutually beneficial cooperation among countries in the world.

the mutually beneficial cooperation of countries around the world

48. Deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.

to enhance exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations

49. A good neighbor who can’t move away and a true partner who can’t be separated.

a good neighbor who won’t move away, and a true partner who can’t be separated

50. Gold never changes after a long time.

to remain unshakable and becoming even firmer as time goes by, and being so valuable that we would not exchange it even for gold

51. Independence and opening to the outside world are unified.

integration of independence and opening up to the outside world

52. Promote the "Belt and Road" innovation cooperation and connect with the people.

to promote innovation cooperation and people-to-people ties along the Belt and Road

53. The Second "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum

The Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation

54. China and Italy are located at the two ends of the ancient Silk Road, and it is only natural to carry out the "Belt and Road" cooperation.

Located at both ends of the ancient Silk Road, it is perfectly natural for China and Italy to advance cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative.

55. Our understanding of time is not based on ten years or a hundred years, but on a hundred years or a thousand years.

In our understanding, time cannot be measured in ten years or a hundred years, but in hundreds of years or thousands of years.

56. We should keep our strength, not go with the flow, adhere to independence and mutual respect.

We should remain committed, stay true to our value, and adhere to independence and mutual respect.

57. China has gone through 40 years of reform and opening up, and the door to opening up will open wider and wider in the future.

China’s reform and opening up have gone through the course of 40 years, and the door of opening up will be even wider in the future.

58. The evaluation of a country should not only look at the area, but also look at the influence of culture and the driving force for the development of human civilization.

When we evaluate a country, we should not just look at its size, but we need to consider its cultural impacts and its impetus in advancing human civilization.

59. Today’s "Belt and Road" has become a "meticulous painting" jointly described by countries along the route.

Today the Belt and Road Initiative has become a “meticulous painting” jointly done by countries along the routes.

60. Knowing the past can serve as a mirror for today, in order to move forward better.

By learning from history, we can draw lessons to guide today’s actions and move forward to a better future.

61.要把中法关系发展好，政治互信是关键，务实合作是必由之路，国民感情是基础

To make the China-France relations strong, mutual political trust is the key, pragmatic cooperation is the inevitable route, and friendship between the two peoples is the foundation.

62.既要畅通政府间合作的“主渠道”，也要丰富民间交往的“涓涓细流”

We should not only smooth the “main channel” of inter-governmental cooperation but also enhance the “trickle” of non-governmental exchanges.

63.携手合作、互利共赢才是解决各种全球性问题的唯一正确选择

Working together for mutual benefit and win-win results is the only correct choice to solve global problems of all kinds.

64. China and Germany are not competitors, let alone rivals. Win-win cooperation is the main thread of the development of Sino-German relations.

China and Germany are not competitors, let alone rivals. And seeking win-win results through cooperation is the major concern in developing China-Germany relations.

65. All countries should have the spirit of taking the world as their own responsibility, and actively act as activists instead of spectators.

All countries should regard taking part in world affairs as their own duty and actively take actions rather than being onlookers.

66. Insist that global affairs should be handled by people of all countries through consultation, and actively promote the democratization of global governance rules.

Upholding the principle that global affairs should be settled by the people of the world through consultation, and actively advancing the democratization of global governance rules.

67. We should put mutual respect and trust at the forefront, make use of dialogue and consultation, and persist in seeking common ground while reserving differences and converging and assimilating differences.

We must put mutual respect and mutual trust in the first place, make good use of dialogue and consultation, and seek common ground while shelving and narrowing differences.

68. We should adhere to the correct concept of justice and benefit, put justice first, give consideration to justice and benefit, and build a global partnership of common destiny.

It is necessary to adhere to the correct concept of justice and interests, put righteousness first, uphold justice while pursuing shared interests, and build a global partnership that shares the common future.

69. Abandon the cold war mentality and the old zero-sum game mentality, abandon the jungle law of the jungle, seek peace through cooperation, promote security through cooperation, and persist in resolving disputes by peaceful means.

We must discard Cold-War and zero-sum mentalities, reject the Law of the Jungle, seek peace and promote safety through cooperation, and insist on settling disputes through peaceful means.

70. We must adhere to the drive of innovation and create a dynamic growth model; Adhere to synergy and create an open and win-win cooperation model; develop a balanced, equitable and inclusive development model

We should pursue a model of dynamic growth driven by innovation, a model of cooperation featuring coordination and connectivity, open and win-win, and a model of development based on fairness, inclusiveness, balance and benefits for all.

71. The development of history, the prosperity of civilization and the progress of mankind have never been separated from ideological guidance.

The development of history, the prosperity of civilization, and the progress of mankind can never be separated from the guidance of thought.

72. Adhere to mutual respect, adhere to the concept of win-win cooperation, openness and tolerance, and gradually eliminate differences by making a big cooperation cake.

We should adhere to mutual respect, the concept of win-win cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, and gradually eliminate differences by baking a bigger cake of cooperation.

73. Chairman of the Military Commission is responsible for the system.

the principle of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission

74. Defence and army reform.

reform on national defense and the military

75. Reform of military policy system

reform on military policies and institutions

76. Strengthening the military strategy

the strategy of strengthening the military

77. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for Army Construction and Development

the 13th Five-Year Plan for the development of the military

78. Strive to be a good soldier in the new era.

to be good soldiers of the new era

seven

Poverty Alleviation and poverty alleviation

1. Establish a long-term mechanism to solve relative poverty.

to establish long-term mechanisms for eradicating relative poverty

2. Counterpart assistance, help the rich first and then get rich.

paired-up assistance, and those who have become better-off help those still lagging behind

3. Give play to the role of grassroots party organizations in leading the masses to get rid of poverty and become rich.

Local Party organizations should play a crucial role in leading the residents out of poverty and toward prosperity.

4. Deepen the special governance of corruption and work style in poverty alleviation.

to make greater efforts in the fight against corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation

5. Take off the hat and don’t take off the policy

to continue poverty alleviation policy support for counties that have been removed from the poverty list

6. "Helping the poor and helping the poor"

to help those in need and deliver genuine assistance

7. "Four Questions" ("Who will help, who will help, how to help, how to retreat")

four key issues in poverty alleviation – who needs help, who provides help, how to help, and how to be removed from the poverty list

8. Solve regional overall poverty

to eliminate regional poverty

9. "Five-level secretaries" focus on poverty alleviation

CPC secretaries at five levels are all responsible for poverty alleviation.

10. Develop production to get rid of poverty

to eliminate poverty through developing the local economy

11. Relocation out of poverty

relocation of rural poor for poverty alleviation

12. Ecological compensation for poverty alleviation

to compensate impoverished residents for eco-environmental protection

13. Develop education to get rid of poverty

poverty elimination through education

14. Social security

to provide subsistence allowances to the poor to meet their basic needs

15. Poverty alleviation work is pragmatic, the process of poverty alleviation is solid, and the results of poverty alleviation are true.

to make concrete and solid efforts in poverty alleviation for practical results

16. Don’t pick responsibility, don’t pick policies, don’t pick help, don’t pick supervision.

Poverty alleviation duties, policies, assistance, and oversight will continue after poor counties are removed from the poverty list.

17. East-West Poverty Alleviation Cooperation

paired-up assistance between the east and the west

18. Implement the decisions on reducing burdens at the grass-roots level.

to implement policy decisions designed to ease the burdens at the community level

19.深度贫困地区三区三州

the most impoverished three regions and three prefectures: The “three regions” are Tibet, the Tibetan ethnic areas of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces, and the four prefectures in southern Xinjiang (Hotan, Aksu, Kashi and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture); the “three prefectures” are the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu.

20. Do a good job in poverty alleviation in the old revolutionary base areas and the Central Soviet Area.

to help old revolutionary base areas and former central Soviet areas eliminate poverty and achieve moderate prosperity

21. Carry forward the spirit of dripping water wears away the stone

to carry forward the spirit of “constant dripping water wearing away a stone”

to work with patience and perseverance

22. Take the road of rural revitalization.

to take solid steps in rural vitalization

23. Continue to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and actively build a beautiful home.

to consolidate the progress in poverty alleviation and build a better home

eight

Science and Technology science and technology

1. Leading by scientific and technological innovation

scientific and technological innovation as the driving force

2. National strategic scientific and technological strength

to build up China’s strategic capacity in science and technology

3. Ethical governance system of science and technology

a regulatory system for ethics in science and technology

4. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation led by artificial intelligence.

a new round of scientific and technological revolutions and industrial transformations led by artificial intelligence

5. Promote the healthy development of a new generation of artificial intelligence.

to boost healthy development of the new generation of artificial intelligence

6. Brain science

brain science

7. Sensor network

sensor network

8. World Intelligence Congress

World Intelligence Congress (WIC)

9. Reorganize the State Key Laboratory System

to restructure the system of key national laboratories

10. Building major innovation bases and platforms.

to build major innovation bases and platforms

11. Improve the collaborative innovation mechanism in Industry-University-Research.

to improve the mechanism for collaborative innovation among enterprises, universities and research institutions

12. Strengthen strategic judgment and forward-looking deployment in major innovation areas.

to strengthen strategic research and forward-looking deployment concerning major innovation

13. Make a systematic strategic layout of science and technology.

to make a systematic strategic layout of science and technology

14. Improve the technology market

to improve the technology market

15. Give play to the leading role of innovation of scientific and technological private enterprises.

to give full play to private sci-tech enterprises in innovation

16 to carry out the project funds use "contract system" reform pilot.

to launch a pilot scheme of lump-sum project-funding

15 -17 September

2020 Online China International Intelligent Industry Expo

Will be held in Chongqing.

In order to thoroughly implement the action plan of rejuvenating the city through science and education and strengthening the city through talents, make the brand of "Chongqing Talents" perfect, vigorously carry forward the spirit of patriotic struggle, and encourage the vast number of talents to participate in the construction of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, it is decided to carry out the first "Chongqing Outstanding Talents Award" for selection and commendation. View the details of the stamp map ↓↓↓↓

Prevention and control tips

Take the initiative to do a good job in personal and family health monitoring. It is recommended to measure the body temperature once in the morning and once in the evening. If suspicious symptoms appear, seek medical advice in time.

Everyone is watching.

Source: China Foreign Languages Bureau

Original title: Report on English Translation of Important Political Terms in China in 2019 (Part II)

Read the original text