Recently, the Chengdu Recruitment Committee and the Chengdu Education Bureau issued the "Implementation Regulations on the Unified Entrance Examination for Senior High Schools in Chengdu in 2024", clearly proposing to deepen the four persistences and further improve the entrance examination enrollment mode for senior high schools based on students’ academic level test scores and comprehensive quality evaluation.

Is there any change in the policy of senior high school entrance examination in Chengdu this year?

The detailed interpretation is coming.

Adhere to the "one basis and one combination" and pay attention to moral education.

According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education and the Sichuan Provincial Department of Education on deepening the reform of the senior high school entrance examination system, Chengdu has further improved the enrollment mode of senior high school examinations based on students’ academic performance and comprehensive quality evaluation.

Comprehensive quality evaluation is the observation, recording and analysis of students’ all-round development, and it is an important means to cultivate students’ good conduct and develop their individuality. In the admission of senior high school entrance examination, if there is a positive list of award-winning records such as "Good Teenager in the New Era", "Labor Medal" and "Labor Expert" at or above the municipal level, under the same conditions, it will be given priority to be recommended as an indicator to the school students or to be given priority in the admission; Candidates who cheat in the exam, school bullying or fail to complete the realistic record of comprehensive quality evaluation as required during their junior high school stay shall not be recommended as indicators to go to school, and finally file in the admission. Let the comprehensive quality evaluation really play a role in the enrollment of high school students, which is conducive to cracking the score theory, and has positive significance for implementing the fundamental task of educating people and promoting students’ all-round development and healthy growth.

Insist on the proposition of "following the standard" and strengthen the quality orientation

The entrance examination for senior high schools implements the "integration of two examinations", giving consideration to graduation and further studies. The examination proposition follows the comprehensive evaluation concept of "value-oriented, literacy-oriented, ability-oriented, knowledge-based", strictly follows the curriculum standard proposition of compulsory education, does not exceed the curriculum standard and arbitrarily expands the scope of examination content, reduces the content of simple memory and mechanical training, and strengthens the connection with students’ life and social reality. The examination questions of each subject are based on the subject accomplishment, focus on the thinking ability, highlight the open inquiry, pay attention to not only the basic knowledge and skills, but also the thinking process, innovative consciousness and the ability to comprehensively apply the learned knowledge to analyze and solve problems.

Adhere to the expansion and improvement of quality and encourage the development of characteristics.

Co-ordinate the allocation of high school education resources in the city, scientifically compile the enrollment plan of high school schools, and ensure students’ opportunities for further study; Encourage the development of high-quality schools in high schools, and run a number of high schools with humanities, science and technology, foreign languages, art, sports or national defense education to meet the development needs of students with different potentials; Encourage the establishment of a number of comprehensive high schools, deepen the reform of educational methods, promote the integration of general vocational education, provide opportunities for students to voluntarily choose to attend general high schools or secondary vocational education during their first or second year of high school, and alleviate the anxiety of general vocational diversion.

Ordinary high schools with standardized school-running behavior, good foundation and school-running conditions can recruit a certain number of students with academic expertise and innovation potential in the city or "5+2" area after approval by the Municipal Education Bureau, and carry out early training of top-notch innovative talents.

Adhere to standardized enrollment and strict student status management.

? ? The senior high school entrance examination implements "six unifications"

That is, unified examination subjects and time, unified examination questions, unified reference answers and grading references, unified examination methods, unified organization of marking, and unified publication of results.

? ? Standardize enrollment behavior

Continue to carry out the city’s high school enrollment centralized consultation activities, standardize the school counseling behavior; Further optimize the "auxiliary system for volunteering in the senior high school entrance examination" to provide reference suggestions for candidates to fill in their volunteers free of charge; Senior high schools may not enroll students across regions without the approval of Chengdu Education Bureau, and may not enroll students across cities (states) without the approval of Sichuan Education Department; Set up a QR code for complaints and reports, and smooth the channels for supervision and complaints; Seriously investigate and deal with illegal propaganda and false propaganda, and create a good public opinion atmosphere.

? ? Standardize student registration

The enrollment of ordinary high schools in the city is carried out through a unified online admission platform. The "5+2" area is strictly compared with the school registration database by the Municipal Education Bureau and the Municipal Education Examinations Institute. Students who are not admitted according to the policy may not register for the school; Other enrollment areas are based on the admission results of the local education administrative departments, and the registration management of student status is strict.

Chengdu Senior High School Entrance Examination Policy in 2024

Issues of concern to candidates and parents

Q/1

What is the total score of the entrance examination in our city, and how to form it?

The entrance examination results are presented in the form of scores, with a full score of 710 points, specifically: the sum of the scores of volumes A and B in Chinese, Mathematics and English, with a full score of 150 points each; Physics is: Grade A × 50%+Grade B, out of 70; Chemistry is: the grade of a volume ×50%, with a full score of 50 points; Physical examination results, out of 60 points; At the same time, the graduation grades of morality and rule of law, history, biology and geography are included in the entrance examination results according to 20 points for A, 16 points for B, 12 points for C, 8 points for D and 0 points for lack of exams, with full marks of 20 points each. When physics and chemistry are included in the entrance examination results, they all keep one decimal place, and the total score is rounded off after synthesis, and no decimal places are kept.

Q/2

Which candidates can get extra points for the senior high school entrance examination this year?

There are five categories of candidates who are eligible for extra points when they are admitted to ordinary high schools and vocational general education classes in the city:

? ? The preferential treatment measures for military children shall be implemented according to relevant policies, and the Political Work Office of Chengdu Garrison shall be responsible for the qualification examination.

? ? The preferential treatment measures for children of police officers who are heroic and disabled in the line of duty shall be implemented in accordance with relevant policies, and the political department of Chengdu Public Security Bureau shall be responsible for the qualification examination.

? ? The preferential treatment measures for children of fire rescue workers shall be implemented according to relevant policies, and the Chengdu Emergency Management Bureau shall be responsible for the qualification examination.

? ? Returned overseas Chinese, children of returned overseas Chinese and children of overseas Chinese, add 5 points, and the United Front Work Department of Chengdu Municipal Committee shall be responsible for the qualification examination.

? ? Candidates from Taiwan Province Province, add 5 points, and the United Front Work Department of Chengdu Municipal Committee is responsible for the qualification examination.

All units (departments) shall be responsible for the publicity and explanation of the above bonus points policy, the materials that candidates and parents should provide, and the application and review process. The review should be completed before the end of May, and the official list (including candidates’ registration number, ID number, care category and other information) should be sent to Chengdu Education Bureau by official letter before May 31. After the audit of Chengdu Education Bureau, the Municipal Education Examinations Institute will publicize it as required. If there is any objection to the contents of the publicity, it should be reported to the qualification examination unit (department) within 5 working days from the date of publicity, and it will not be accepted after the deadline. The qualification examination unit (department) shall feedback the review results within 3 working days, and at the same time, inform the Municipal Education Bureau of the information that needs to be corrected, which will be published and implemented by the Municipal Education Examinations Institute.

? ? In the process of admission, if candidates meet a number of bonus policies, they will only enjoy a bonus with the highest score.

? ? Five-year higher vocational (including normal) and secondary vocational schools’ bonus points policy and qualification examination shall be implemented according to the relevant provisions of the Provincial Recruitment Committee.

Q/3

Has there been any adjustment to the policy of enrolling students in the senior high school entrance examination this year, and when should we start recommending the indicators to the students?

In 2024, the work of the indicators of ordinary high school students will be carried out according to the Notice on Seriously Doing a Good Job of the Indicators of Ordinary High School Students in Chengdu (Cheng Zhaowei [2022] No.3), and the start-up time of the indicators of all districts (cities) and counties and all schools (including public and private) will not be earlier than May 4, 2024. In the "11+2" area (referring to 13 districts including Sichuan Tianfu New District, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Jinjiang District, Qingyang District, jinniu district, Wuhou District, chenghua district District, Longquanyi District, qingbaijiang district District, Xindu District, Wenjiang District, Shuangliu District and Pidu District, the same below), all kinds of indicators are declared and reviewed by students online. The specific work schedule is as follows. All kinds of indicators that have not been declared and reviewed online will be invalid when they arrive at school; It is invalid for high school to recruit students who have been admitted to other schools without authorization.

Q/4

When will the enrollment of ordinary senior high school students and various project classes begin this year?

The enrollment plan, enrollment scope, application conditions and related policies of the "5+2" regional ordinary high school art and sports special students will be announced to the public in early June; The enrollment policy for ordinary senior high school students with artistic and sports specialties in other enrollment areas shall be determined by the local education administrative department. The name, enrollment plan and enrollment scope of the project class will be announced to the public when the enrollment plan of ordinary high schools is announced (in early June); The enrollment brochures of each project class are determined by each high school and announced to the public.

The voluntary reporting of art and sports specialty students and project classes will be carried out after the senior high school entrance examination and before the results are notified. If candidates are interested in arts and sports specialties or project classes in some senior high schools, they can consult the schools for details.

Q/5

When is the time to fill in the volunteers for this year’s senior high school entrance examination, and how is the number of volunteers for further studies that students can fill in?

All enrollment areas in the city implement online volunteering. Except for art and sports specialty students and project classes, voluntary reporting will be carried out after the senior high school entrance examination and before the results are notified, and the rest will be reported after the results are notified (around June 28).

The number of volunteers in the second and third batches in the "5+2" area is 7. Among them, the first, third, fifth and seventh volunteers in the second batch can fill in the unified recruitment and private high school volunteers, and the second, fourth and sixth volunteers can fill in the adjustment and private high school volunteers; The third batch of seven volunteers can be submitted simultaneously in unified recruitment, adjustment, private high school, general vocational integration and secondary vocational school volunteers, and candidates can choose by themselves when filling in their volunteers.

The number of volunteers and admission batches in other enrollment areas shall be determined by the local education administrative department.

Q/6

When will the scores be published in the "5+2" area and admitted in several batches?

It is expected that when the results of the senior high school entrance examination are notified on June 28th, the "5+2" regional provincial-level demonstration ordinary high schools will be delineated and announced, including the voluntary guidance line (commonly known as the provincial heavy line), the minimum file delivery line of ordinary high schools (commonly known as the general high school line) and the admission guidance line of vocational and general integration classes.

"5+2" regional high school unified admission is divided into three batches according to the order. Among them:

? ? The first batch: divided into 7 categories according to the order, followed by the first category "children of high-level talents and children of qualified frontline medical staff in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control"; Category 2 "Youth Aviation Experimental Class"; Category 3: "Students with indicators arriving at school"; Category 4 "Campus Football Class, Volleyball Reserve Team and Basketball Reserve Team"; Category 5 "Artistic and Sports Special Students"; Category 6 "Enrollment Plan for Non-‘5+2’ Regions in Chengdu"; The seventh kind of "project classes" includes public and private ordinary high school project classes. In this batch of admission, the candidates who are admitted in the previous category will not participate in the admission in the future category.

? ? The second batch: provincial demonstration ordinary high schools, approved public and private ordinary high schools.

? ? The third batch: municipal demonstration ordinary high schools, ordinary high schools, private ordinary high schools, vocational and general integration classes, and secondary vocational schools (enrollment for the whole city). This batch of schools can also report.

? ? Five-year higher vocational education (including teachers’ colleges) plans to recruit students for the whole city, with individual volunteers and filling in at the same time, and admission is organized by the Provincial Education Examinations Institute.

Q/7

How to organize and implement the city’s entrance examination this year?

The "5+2" regional ordinary high school enrollment is organized and implemented by Chengdu Education Examinations Institute (including the enrollment of ordinary high school students in Longquanyi District, qingbaijiang district, Xindu District, Wenjiang District, Shuangliu District and Pidu District). The admission of ordinary high schools in other enrollment areas is organized and implemented by the local education administrative department.

Illustration of the Implementation Regulations of Chengdu Senior High School Entrance Examination in 2024

Chengdu ordinary high school in 2024

Illustration of the policy of indicators to school students

　　　　　　 CCTV News:Made in Germany is synonymous with high quality in the eyes of many people. However, the latest frigate "Baden Wü rttemberg" made by German military enterprises for the German navy failed in the sea trial and had to go back to the factory for improvement.

　　　　　　 "Baden Wü rttemberg" was manufactured by ThyssenKrupp Marine System Company of Germany, with a length of 150 meters and a displacement of 7,000 tons, and the cost was as high as 2 billion euros, about 15.7 billion yuan. This new frigate will replace the existing "Bremen" class frigate.

　　　　　　 In recent sea trials, this expensive frigate has gone wrong. The German navy said that this was because the central computer system of the frigate failed to meet the standard.

　　　　　　 In this regard, the spokesman of the manufacturing enterprise said that they are very skilled in dealing with this kind of problem and can solve the current problem quickly.

　　　　　　 However, the German media "Kiel News" exposed more problems. It is reported that the radar system, electronic system and fire-retardant coating of the fuel tank of Baden Wü rttemberg have problems.

　　　　　　 The electronic system should have been an advantage of the Baden-Wü rttemberg, enabling it to carry fewer crew members to perform its tasks. However, the test shows that too much electronic equipment leads to frequent failures of software systems, frequent failures of shipborne radar, and frigates with ineffective radar can easily become enemy targets.

　　　　　　 The Wall Street Journal quoted critics as saying that during the design process, the frigate was not equipped with sonar system and torpedo launcher, and even if it was repaired, it would be difficult to resist submarine attacks.

　　　　　　 "Baden-Wü rttemberg" class frigate is a large frigate built by Germany in the 21st century, also known as F125. Its full-load displacement is as high as 7,200 tons, which is close to China’s 052D destroyer. This frigate combines the most advanced technology in Germany and is known as the "king of frigates" among the global navies.

　　　　　　 This warship, known as the "king of frigates", is equipped with a 127mm Otto Breda gun, which can be equipped with volcanic guided shells, and can accurately strike targets 100km away. Although it is classified as a frigate, its naval gun is more powerful than the main destroyers in many countries.

　　Although my son just entered the first grade of primary school this year, Xu Ying has started asking around about the registration of children’s programming. "Ignorance of programming is illiteracy in the new era", and the voice from the training institution made her feel anxious. Knowing nothing about programming, she was worried that her son would lose at the starting line and decided to take action as soon as possible.

　　The tuition fee, which starts at ten thousand yuan a year, is not a small sum for her, but it may not be able to get reliable teaching quality. The reporter’s investigation found that some institutions have very low requirements for franchisees’ teachers, and zero-based staff can take up their posts and teach after one week of training, and some even take as short as two or three days.

　　student recruitment

　　Kindergarten children with tuition fees of tens of thousands are "the most sought after"

　　Searching for "children’s programming" on the Internet, a variety of organization names appeared in front of Xu Ying. "Online and offline, most of the course contents include Scratch, Python, and robot programming, like me ‘ Layman ’ I really don’t know how to choose. " Under the entanglement, Xu Ying intends to conduct a field trip to the offline institutions closer to home.

　　"I thought I acted early, but I didn’t expect it to be ‘ Half a beat ’ 。” In the training institution, Xu Ying was surprised to see many children who just went to kindergarten. According to the course consultant, in the past, children’s programming was based on computer operation, and the starting point was relatively high. Generally, they had to go to primary school at least to get started. Nowadays, the Legou building block course, which focuses on construction, has been incorporated into the whole system as "programming thinking enlightenment", and children aged 3 to 6 have become the training objects of institutions.

　　In the investigation, the reporter also found that the trend of younger children’s programming is becoming more and more obvious. Take Chaoyang Joy City as an example. Within 1km of Fiona Fang, there are at least eight institutions offering children’s programming courses, and seven of them are for preschool children.

　　"Early exposure to these can exercise children’s logical thinking ability, and later learning higher-level programming has an advantage over others." In the consultation, the course consultant strongly recommended to the reporter, "Now, there are construction competitions in the kindergarten stage. After going to primary school, programming learning is more helpful for further studies. For example, at the beginning of junior high school, if you can have a certificate to participate in the competition, you can give priority to admission. In the middle school stage, there is also the Informatics Olympics, and programming can increase the weight of children entering prestigious schools. "

　　According to the course consultant, the institution currently provides two learning paths. One is based on hardware, focusing on the intelligent control of robots by programming. The other is software-oriented. At the age of 6, you can learn Scratch graphic programming, and at the age of 9, you can enter Python code programming. After that, there are courses specifically for informatics Olympics.

　　"The tuition fees are different at different stages, and the enlightenment stage is cheaper." According to the course consultant, there are usually 80 class hours in a school year, and each class is divided into 2 classes. Lego creative enlightenment for 3 to 6 years old is at least 8,400 yuan, while Scratch’s discount is at least 15,000 yuan, which is equivalent to 375 yuan per class.

　　survey

　　Send courseware to teach speech teachers a week "out of the oven"

　　In the online search for children’s programming, in addition to a variety of marketing advertisements, there are many joining advertisements for national investment promotion. The reporter immediately called a Beijing-based institution on the grounds of consulting and joining, and the staff said that the one-time fee was 106,000. There are not too many rigid requirements for franchisees except that the venue is suggested to be 150 square meters to 200 square meters and equipped with 3 to 4 classrooms.

　　When the reporter raised the concern that the teachers were not professional enough, the staff said that the programming course was divided into different stages and the requirements for teachers were different. Among them, the 4-to 7-year-old programming thinking enlightenment does not need to be carried out on the computer, as long as the teaching AIDS developed by the organization are used; From 7 to 12 years old, the first half is Scratch graphical programming, and the second half is Python code programming. From 12 to 18 years old, it is more advanced artificial intelligence and C++ algorithm. "The requirements for teachers in the enlightenment and Scratch stages of programming thinking are lower, as long as it is a college diploma or above. There is no restriction on majors. The key is to have affinity. You can start these two stages of courses first. When you go to an advanced course, you need a background in computer and other related majors, and it is not too late to recruit the right person. " The staff said that the recruited teachers will have a week of offline training at the Beijing headquarters, and even if they are zero-based, they can start teaching soon.

　　"Generally speaking, a single store only needs two or three teachers. Under the age of seven, a teacher can take six or eight students. If it is over 7 years old, a teacher can bring 8 to 10 students. " Aware of the reporter’s hesitation, the staff further stated that programming has been included in the new curriculum standard, which is a compulsory course. Primary and secondary schools have to study and take exams, which is linked to the college entrance examination, so the market potential is huge. "There is no strict requirement for pricing here at the headquarters, as long as it is reported in advance, it is not much worse. For example, in Beijing, there are 48 classes a year, and you can receive more than 10,000 yuan within the Fourth Ring Road. If the location is a little bit off, you can receive 8,900 yuan. In addition, it is different between districts, and Haidian is more expensive than Fengtai. "

　　When consulting another children’s programming organization headquartered in Beijing, the staff gave a low threshold for franchisees. "Most of the children’s programming on the market now begins at the age of six or seven. Our courses are specially designed for three to six years old. At this stage, the requirements for teachers are not so high, and kindergarten teachers are professional, which is somewhat similar to early education. Usually the training time is one week, but in the younger stage, two to three days is almost the same. We will provide courseware for teachers and also teach verbal skills. "

　　As for enrollment, the staff said that they can sell small class hours at the entrance of the kindergarten, preferably three or four in-depth audition classes, which is much higher than the conversion rate of free audition classes. "Three to six years old is a huge market. To put it bluntly, it is actually the function of drainage and water storage. When these children grow up, they are likely to learn a higher level of programming, so you are equal to occupying the students in advance. Many students have been taken away by other institutions before they start recruiting at the age of six. " The staff repeatedly stated that the headquarters does not charge the joining fee, but charges a one-time comprehensive service fee. The specific price depends on the city. "For example, there are 300,000 in the north, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, 200,000 in the new first-tier cities, and the lowest county is 135,000. Student fees are also graded. Beijing costs more than 10 thousand a year, and there are 36 classes a year, excluding winter and summer vacations. The cost is lower in the younger stage, and the more expensive it is. "

　　remind

　　Don’t be brainwashed to learn logic without writing code.

　　"At present, children’s programming education in the market has the problem of excessive hype to a certain extent. For children who are still in primary school or even kindergarten, there is actually no need for universal children’s programming education." Zhou Lizhu, a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Technology in Tsinghua University, said that from the perspective of programming learning itself, we should teach students in accordance with their personal interests and characteristics after their mental development is relatively mature. If indoctrination is carried out too early and the method is not scientific enough, it will not be conducive to the long-term development of children.

　　"Some training institutions claim that children can make small games and other works in a short time, and more are just gimmicks for commercial operation. Parents don’t have to blindly follow suit." In Zhou Lizhu’s view, instead of rushing to the so-called children’s programming training class, it is better to lay a solid foundation first. For example, learn Chinese well and shape good expression ability; Learn mathematics well and cultivate strict thinking habits; Learn foreign languages well and adapt to the increasingly open development environment. In addition, it is also very important to establish correct values and have good moral quality, which will affect personal growth more deeply.

　　"It should also be noted that logical thinking and programming are two different things, and the real logical thinking ability is not exercised in writing code." Zhou Lizhu said that programming is only a skill after all, and not everyone has to master it like painting. In order to really improve logical thinking ability, we need comprehensive training in many aspects, rather than simply expecting to get it in programming training.

　　"Some training institutions overemphasize the urgency of learning programming, and continue to develop towards younger age, which brings unnecessary anxiety to many parents. In fact, programming learning doesn’t need and shouldn’t be a competition for all people. Just like the Olympics, it is only suitable for some students who really have this talent and interest. Parents don’t have to blindly follow the trend and are led by the gimmicks made by training institutions. " Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the China Academy of Educational Sciences, said that at present, the children’s programming training institutions in the market are still immature, the teaching quality is uneven, the industry standards are chaotic, the curriculum system is lacking, and professional teachers are scarce. Parents should be extra cautious when choosing, and relevant departments should also conduct an inventory to eliminate those informal institutions that only want to "make quick money" in time.

　　"The propaganda that some training institutions wantonly link programming with further studies should also be rectified." Chu Zhaohui also said that according to the Advertising Law, advertisements for education and training should not contain explicit or implied guarantee commitments for further studies, passing exams, obtaining degree or qualification certificates, or for the effects of education and training.

　　Our reporter Zong Yuanyuan’s illustration Song Xi

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CCTV News:From the afternoon of July 16th, Beijing ushered in a new round of rainy weather. In this round of rainfall, the rainfall of 9 meteorological observation stations in Beijing exceeded 200 mm, and the rainfall of 123 stations exceeded 100 mm. The rainfall was mainly concentrated in the western and northern mountainous areas. The Beijing Meteorological Bureau upgraded the orange rainstorm warning at 7: 10 on July 18th, but as the rainfall in most parts of Beijing weakened, the orange rainstorm warning was lifted at 12 noon.

Beijing: Three people were trapped in fire rescue due to sudden flash floods caused by heavy rains in Yanqing District.

Yesterday (July 17th) night, there was heavy rain in Yanqing District of Beijing, with local heavy rain. The maximum rainfall in many places exceeded 100 mm, and many places were flooded by heavy rain. Among them, flash floods broke out near Shuiquanzi Village, Pearl Spring Township, Yanqing District, and the river water level soared. A parking lot on the other side of the river was flooded, and three men were trapped when they went out in the early morning, holding big trees and waiting for rescue. At about 5 o’clock in the morning, the fire rescue personnel quickly rushed to the scene after receiving the police. Because the rain didn’t stop at that time, the water level of the river kept rising and the water flowed rapidly. After fixing the guide rope, the rescuers arrived at the other side of the river by rubber boat, and then used the guide rope to get close to the trapped people. After four hours of hard work, three people were moved to a safe place.

Beijing: The accumulated water in Jin ‘an Bridge in Shijingshan District is seriously rushed to ensure smooth drainage.

At 6 o’clock in the morning of July 18, due to the heavy rainfall, there was serious water accumulation near Jin ‘an Bridge in Shijingshan District, which led to the closure of roads, subway stations and bus stations, and the staff of relevant departments rushed to the scene to grab the row. In order to ensure the safety of operation, Jin ‘anqiao Station of Metro Line 6 is closed. The reporter learned that at around 8: 00 am, serious water accumulation occurred on the north and south sides of Jin ‘anqiao subway station. The depth of water accumulation on the north side was about 50 cm, while the depth of water accumulation on the south side road had reached about 90 cm. Firefighters deployed 8 hand-lift pumps and 3 pontoon pumps at the scene for drainage operation. By noon, the accumulated water was removed, the road traffic resumed, and the Jin ‘anqiao subway station resumed operation in the afternoon.

Beijing: Heavy rain caused flooding of vehicles in some low-lying sections of Haidian.

On the morning of July 18th, heavy rain fell on Linyushanzhuang Road, Northwest Wang Town, Haidian District, and some sections of the road were flooded, with the deepest depth of about 0.8 meters. Traffic was once interrupted, and nearby vehicles were soaked in water. Water, fire, emergency departments, as well as community neighborhood committees and property emergency drainage and rescue.

As of around 14: 00 on July 18th, the accumulated water in the basement of the roadside merchants and the garage of the residential area in Linyu Mountain Villa Road has been basically drained.

On the night of the 18th, there were still thunderstorms and local strong convective rainfall in Beijing, reminding the public to take precautions and do a good job of protection. Don’t go to the mountains for play and activities in these two days to ensure safety.

　　At the 2021 Munich Motor Show, the new Multivan was officially unveiled. The new car no longer shares the Transporter platform with the freight version of Kailuwei, but is based on audi ag’s MQB platform, which will have a more suitable driving experience for passenger cars. In terms of power, there will be 1.5T and 2.0T gasoline power, diesel power will be added next year, and the first plug-in hybrid version will be available.

　　The new Maitewei Multivan comes standard with LED headlights, and can be upgraded to interactive IQ.LIGHT matrix LED headlights. The full-beam design brings better intelligent corner lighting effect, while avoiding glare hazard to the driver of the other vehicle; The IQ.LIGHT system also runs through an LED horizontal light bar in the front grille as another element of daytime running lights, which is also one of the iconic designs of the new generation of Volkswagen family.

　　The new Maitewei Multivan continues the classic square box shape, and the double A-pillar design is the biggest difference from previous models, which can effectively reduce the blind spot of vision; Its body size is 4973/1941/1903mm and its wheelbase is 3124 mm. A longer version with a length of 5173mm is also available.

　　Founder’s tail is a typical MPV shape, and the style of horizontal split taillights is somewhat similar to the current Touran L.

　　The interior adopts a brand-new design, and uses a wood decorative board and a piano paint panel to enhance the sense of grade, which distinguishes it from the style of the current tool car. Following the concept of popular digitalization, the new Maitewei Multivan is also equipped with a 10.25-inch LCD instrument and a 10-inch central control panel, and uses an electronic lever design similar to that used on Golf 8.

　　The new Maitewei Multivan has also been upgraded with IQ.DRIVE Travel Assist intelligent driving assistance system, which realizes semi-automatic driving by combining predictive adaptive cruise control and lane assist system, making long-distance travel safer and easier. At the same time, it is also equipped with panoramic image function.

　　In terms of space, the new Maitewei Multivan provides a 7-seat layout in the form of 2+2+3. The middle row of seats can rotate 180 degrees, and the third row has three independent seats. The standard volume of the trunk is 469 liters, which can be expanded to 1844 liters when the third row is put down (the panoramic glass roof is 1850 liters). The maximum cargo capacity is 3672 liters, and the extended version can be extended to 4053 liters.

　　In terms of power, the new Maitewei Multivan will be equipped with 1.5T and 2.0T engines, matching the 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox; A diesel engine will be provided in overseas markets next year. In addition, the new Multivan will also provide a plug-in version for the first time, which consists of a 1.4T engine and an 85kW motor, and the transmission system is a 6-speed dual-clutch gearbox.

CCTV News:The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress put forward that we should resolutely win the protracted war against corruption, stressing that "as long as there is soil and conditions for corruption, the anti-corruption struggle can’t stop for a moment, and we must always blow the charge". The Second Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection also made arrangements for this year’s anti-corruption work. Since the first half of this year, which areas have become the focus of anti-corruption? What progress has been made in hunting tigers, flies and foxes? Let’s take a look at the anti-corruption effect in the first half of this year.

At 3: 00pm on January 6th, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection reported successively the news that Ji Binchang, then chairman of Qingdao CPPCC, He Zehua, former member of the Party Group and deputy director of the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Wang Xuefeng, former deputy director of the Standing Committee of Hebei Provincial People’s Congress, and three middle-ranking cadres were dismissed. "Three tigers a day" has once again become the focus of society.

In the first half of this year, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has announced that 24 middle-ranking cadres have been examined and investigated, and issued a notice that 7 middle-ranking cadres have been punished by party discipline and government affairs. The website of the State Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection reported the news that more than 340 bureau-level cadres were dismissed, and more than 200 bureau-level cadres were notified by party discipline and government affairs.

Song Wei, Deputy Director of Beijing Clean Government Construction Research Base:Corruption is the biggest cancer that harms the party’s vitality and combat effectiveness. In the first half of this year, discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels, in strict accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, made concerted efforts to fight corruption and punish evil with a zero-tolerance attitude, more effectively curbed the increase of corruption, more effectively eliminated the stock of corruption, and continuously purified the political ecology. It fully reflects that as long as the soil where corruption breeds still exists, the anti-corruption struggle will never stop, and the charge must be sounded forever.

The domestic anti-corruption efforts are undiminished, the rhythm is unchanged, and the scale is not loose. The international pursuit of recovery also continues to exert its strength. In March this year, Skynet 2023 was officially launched. In the first half of the year, Wang Dongsheng, a "Hongtong personnel" who fled for nearly 9 years, returned to China to surrender; Li Xi’ an, the former director of Xi’ an Grain Bureau, was arrested and brought to justice less than two months after fleeing; Guo Jiefang, the 62nd "100 Hongtong personnel", returned to China and surrendered himself. Constantly release the strong signal that "if you escape, you must chase it and chase it to the end."

Focus on anti-corruption: state-owned enterprises’ financial grain purchase and sale and other fields

Judging from the distribution of party member cadres who lost their jobs in the first half of the year, in addition to the leading cadres of the party and government organs, there are also personnel in key areas and key positions such as state-owned enterprises, finance, grain purchase and sale. These areas with centralized power, intensive capital and rich resources are the focus of anti-corruption this year.

In January this year, Yu Zhebin, former Party Secretary, Chairman and General Manager of Panzhihua Public Transport Company in Sichuan Province, was sentenced to four years’ imprisonment and fined 400,000 yuan by Panzhihua Eastern District People’s Court for accepting bribes.

After investigation, Yu Zhebin took advantage of his position to seek benefits for others in engineering construction and bus procurement, and received money from others totaling 2.105 million yuan. Among them, nearly 1.7 million yuan came from the sales staff of bus manufacturers.

Rao Shu, Director of the Third Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of the Eastern District Commission for Discipline Inspection, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province:Yu Zhebin’s case is a typical case of "relying on enterprises to eat enterprises". Through related party transactions, he connived at certain related parties to illegally undertake profitable business to earn huge profits, and used the power of project examination and approval, vehicle purchase and other rent-seeking to form a circle with unscrupulous businessmen to "eat" enterprises, get kickbacks and accept bribes, in exchange for personal gain at the expense of enterprise interests and state-owned assets, which seriously damaged the business environment and damaged the legitimate rights and interests of state-owned enterprises.

This year, anti-corruption in key areas such as state-owned enterprises, finance and grain purchase and sale continued to advance.

In the first round of the 20th Central Committee’s patrol, 30 central enterprises were routinely patrolled, and five financial institutions were patrolled "looking back". The focus of this patrol included in-depth investigation of corruption in state-owned enterprises and promotion of solving outstanding problems in the financial sector.

Since the first half of the year, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has seriously investigated and dealt with Xu Wenrong, former deputy secretary and deputy general manager of China Petroleum, Zhou Qingyu, former party secretary and vice president of China Development Bank, Li Xiaopeng, former party secretary and chairman of China Everbright Group, Liu Liange, former party secretary and chairman of China Bank, Li Dong, former party member and deputy general manager of National Energy Group, and other state-owned enterprises and middle-level cadres in the financial field, and successively released the news that six batches of central enterprise managers were examined and investigated; Discipline inspection and supervision organs around the country kept a close eye on the "granary rats" and seriously investigated and notified a number of typical cases of corruption in the field of grain purchase and sale, in order to effectively supervise the escort food safety.

Song Wei, Deputy Director of Beijing Clean Government Construction Research Base:Once problems occur in these fields, they often involve large projects and large funds, which will bring very serious adverse effects, affect our high-quality development to a certain extent, and seriously hinder the promotion of Chinese modernization. By focusing on rectifying corruption in these areas, we can promote the process of establishing rules and regulations and promote the better and high-quality development of these key areas.

Anti-corruption in sports has aroused social concern.

In addition to some key areas, there is another area of anti-corruption work in the first half of this year that has also aroused widespread concern in society.

CCTV reporter Song Wei:On March 27 this year, the list of the first round of inspections by the 20th Central Committee was announced. The news of "conducting a mobile inspection of the party group of the State Sports General Administration" quickly became a social hot spot. Less than a week later, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection informed Du Zhaocai, then a member of the party group and deputy director of the State Sports General Administration, that he was under investigation. Anti-corruption in the field of sports has become a major focus of anti-corruption work this year.

At the conference on building a clean and honest party style and anti-corruption work in 2023 held by the State Sports General Administration in April, the relevant person in charge of the discipline inspection and supervision team of the General Sports Administration clearly pointed out some outstanding problems in the current sports field, such as the gap in the practice of "two maintenances", the weakening of the party’s leadership, the loose and soft management of the party, the lax and unrealistic discipline style, and the great risk of honesty.

Since the first half of this year, there have been a number of party member cadres in the field of sports, such as Hu Guangyu, then deputy director of the Political and Legal Department of the State Sports General Administration, Chen Xiaoyuan, then chairman of the China Football Association, Li Yuyi, then chairman of the China Football Association, Yu Hongchen, then chairman of the China Athletics Association, Liu Aijie, former chairman of the China Rowing Association and the China Canoeing Association, and Ma Chengquan, former chairman of the Super League Company.

Sun Dawei, Deputy Secretary General of China Integrity Research Center of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:The construction of a sports power is a major strategic plan made by the party and the country with a long-term view. However, there is still a gap between the requirements of the party and the country and the expectations of the people in many sports fields, especially the management of some sports associations is chaotic, cronyism is rampant, and professional and systematic corruption appears in the football field. Discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels and relevant competent departments should resolutely punish "relying on the body to eat the body", thoroughly find out and promote the solution of corruption and deep-seated institutional mechanisms in the sports field, and provide a strong political and disciplinary style guarantee for creating a new situation in building a sports power.

1. Different models: Sylphy is a compact car owned by Dongfeng Nissan, and the new Sylphy is an upgraded version of Sylphy.

2. Different design: The new Sylphy has been optimized and improved in design, and adopted a brand-new V-Motion 2.0 design language, which makes the vehicle look more fashionable and dynamic.

3. Different interior design: The new Sylphy has also improved its interior design, adopting a brand-new design style, which enhances the luxury and comfort inside the car.

4. The power system is different: the new Sylphy is equipped with a brand-new HR16DEGen3 intelligent engine. Compared with the old Sylphy engine, its performance has been improved and its fuel consumption has been optimized.

5. Configuration upgrade: The new Sylphy has also been upgraded in configuration, such as adding more driver assistance systems and intelligent interconnection functions.

On August 3, the website of the National Medical Insurance Bureau released the Work Plan for the Adjustment of the National Medical Insurance Drug List in 2020 (Draft for Comment), and publicly solicited opinions from the public. The full text is as follows:

According to the Interim Measures for the Administration of Medication in Basic Medical Insurance, combined with the priorities of the management of the national medical insurance drug list in 2020, we have studied and drafted the Work Plan for the Adjustment of the national medical insurance drug list in 2020 (draft for comments), and now we are open to the public for comments. The public can put forward their opinions and suggestions before Monday, August 10, 2020, and report them to our bureau in written form or by e-mail.

Email: yysmlc@nhsa.gov.cn

Mailing address: No.2 -9, Yuetan North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, Department of Medical Service Management, National Medical Insurance Bureau, 100830.

National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)

August 3, 2020

Work plan for the adjustment of national medical insurance drug list in 2020 (draft for comments)

In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, further improve the level of drug protection for insured persons, and standardize the management of medical insurance drugs, according to the Social Insurance Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening the Reform of Medical Insurance System, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Medication in Basic Medical Insurance and related documents, the work plan for adjusting the national basic medical insurance drug list in 2020 (hereinafter referred to as the drug list) is hereby formulated as follows.

I. Objectives and tasks

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, adhere to the people’s health as the center, continuously deepen the reform of the medical security system, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of the drug list, dynamically adjust the scope of the drug list according to the fund’s ability to pay, provide support for the normalization of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19, strive to achieve more optimized drug list structure, more scientific and standardized management, more effective payment, more fair and accessible guarantee, and promote the medical insurance drug governance system and.

Second, the scope of adjustment

Considering the functional orientation of basic medical insurance, the clinical demand of drugs and the affordability of funds, the scope of drug list adjustment in 2020 is as follows:

(1) Western medicines and Chinese patent medicines outside the catalogue

Drugs that meet the provisions of Articles 7 and 8 of the Interim Measures for the Administration of Medication in Basic Medical Insurance and meet any of the following circumstances can be included in the scope of drugs to be added to the drug list in 2020.

1. Drugs for the treatment of respiratory diseases related to COVID-19.

2. Drugs included in the National Essential Drugs List (2018 Edition).

3. Drugs that are included in the list of overseas new drugs urgently needed in clinic, encouraged to copy drugs or encouraged to research and develop the list of children’s drugs, and approved for listing by the State Drug Administration before December 31, 2019.

4. The second batch of drugs selected in centralized drug procurement organized by the state.

5. During the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, drugs (including new active ingredients and new dosage forms) approved for marketing by the State Drug Administration according to the new drug registration application procedures.

6. During the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, according to the results of clinical trials, supplementary applications were made to and approved by the State Drug Administration, and drugs with major changes in indications and functional indications.

7. Before December 31, 2019, drugs that entered the latest version of the medical insurance drug list at or above the provincial level. Among them, the main active ingredients are listed in the "first batch of national key monitoring drugs for rational use" except.

Western medicine and Chinese patent medicine that meet the requirements of the drug list shall be declared by the enterprise according to the procedures, and will be included in the proposed new scope after being approved.

(two) western medicine and Chinese patent medicine in the catalogue.

Drugs in the drug list that meet the requirements of Articles 9 and 10 of the Interim Measures for the Administration of Medication in Basic Medical Insurance and meet any of the following circumstances can be included in the adjustment scope of the drug list in 2020.

1. Bring up the scope of listed drugs.

(1) Drugs whose drug approval documents have been revoked, revoked or cancelled by the State Drug Administration.

(2) Drugs whose risks outweigh the benefits after comprehensive consideration of clinical value, adverse reactions, drug economy and other factors.

2. Adjust the scope of payment of standard drugs.

(1) negotiated drugs that are within the validity period of the agreement and need to re-determine the payment standard according to the agreement.

(2) According to the enterprise application or expert evaluation, it is necessary to adjust the negotiated drugs with limited payment scope.

(3) Compared with other drugs in the same treatment field, the price/cost is obviously higher, and drugs that occupy more funds in recent years.

(3) Others

1. In accordance with the provisions, the qualified Chinese herbal pieces will be included in the adjustment scope.

2. Improve the drug catalogue, standardize the drug name and dosage form, and appropriately adjust the categories of drugs, catalogue classification structure, remarks and other contents.

Third, the working procedure

The adjustment of drug list in 2020 can be divided into five stages: preparation, enterprise declaration, expert review, negotiation and bidding, and publication of results:

(1) Preparatory stage (July-August 2020)

1 led by the State Medical Insurance Bureau, in conjunction with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the State Health and Wellness Commission, National Medical Products Administration, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine to study and formulate a work plan, and determine the principles and procedures for catalogue adjustment. After soliciting opinions from the society, the plan will be announced.

2. Set up a working organization, establish a working mechanism, set up an expert database, formulate working rules, keep clean and honest, and avoid interests.

(2) Enterprise application stage (August-September 2020)

Publish the enterprise declaration guide. According to the scope of drug list adjustment in 2020, enterprises that meet the requirements are required to submit the necessary information to the National Medical Insurance Center. Review the data in form, and publicize the drugs that have passed the formal review.

(3) Expert review stage (September-October 2020)

Combined with the enterprise declaration, the establishment of drug evaluation database. Demonstrate and determine the technical points of evaluation. Organize evaluation experts to conduct evaluation, and form a list of suggestions on four aspects of drugs: newly added drugs transferred in, directly transferred out, transferred out, and adjusted limited payment scope.

(4) negotiation and bidding stage (October-November 2020)

1. Solicit the intention of relevant enterprises on the drugs to be included in the negotiation and bidding. According to the intention of the enterprise, organize it to submit negotiation (bidding) materials as required.

2. Organize measurement experts to carry out evaluation through fund measurement, pharmacoeconomics and other methods, and put forward evaluation opinions.

3. Negotiators negotiate or bid with enterprises according to the evaluation opinions, determine the unified national medical insurance payment standard, and clarify the management policies simultaneously.

(5) The stage of publishing the results (November-December 2020)

Announce the adjustment results of the drug list, release the new version of the drug list, and simultaneously clarify the management and implementation requirements.

Iv. composition and responsibilities of experts

(1) Evaluation experts

Evaluation experts are divided into comprehensive group and clinical group. The evaluation experts in the comprehensive group are composed of experts in pharmacy, pharmacoeconomics and medical insurance management who are honest, professional, familiar with and enthusiastic about medical security and voluntarily participate in the catalogue evaluation. They are mainly responsible for demonstrating and determining the technical points of drug evaluation and providing evaluation opinions for all drugs included in the evaluation scope. Clinical group review experts are recommended by relevant academic groups and industry associations, and are mainly responsible for giving opinions and suggestions on drugs in their professional fields.

(2) Measurement experts

It is composed of experts in medical insurance management and pharmacoeconomics recommended by local medical insurance departments and relevant academic groups. It is divided into fund calculation group and pharmacoeconomics group, and puts forward evaluation opinions on negotiated drugs and bidding drugs from two aspects: the impact of medical insurance fund and pharmacoeconomics evaluation.

(3) Negotiation (bidding) experts

It is composed of representatives of the medical insurance department and relevant experts, and is responsible for on-site negotiation and bidding with drug companies.

V. Supervision mechanism

(a) take the initiative to accept the supervision of all parties

Take the initiative to accept the supervision of the public, news media and pharmaceutical enterprises. Publicly release the work plan and publicize the list of drugs that meet the requirements for declaration. Set up a telephone number and email address to receive complaints and reports from all walks of life.

(B) improve the internal control mechanism

Clarify the responsibilities of jobs and personnel, improve the disciplines and norms such as information confidentiality, interest avoidance and accountability, and ensure that the catalogue adjustment work is fair, safe and orderly.

(3) Strengthen expert supervision

Establish a system of expert responsibility, interest avoidance, accountability, etc., and leave traces throughout all the evaluation and measurement work to ensure that experts put forward their opinions independently and impartially.

Original: PAData PANews

Editor | Zhou Wenyi Source | PANews

Data and Analysis Support | Chengdu Chain Security

PAData Insight：

This year, blockchain security incidents have occurred more than 10,000 times, and the cumulative global losses have exceeded 6 billion US dollars.

Among digital asset crimes, the United States accounts for 28%, which is the largest in the world, Europe accounts for 24% and China accounts for 18%.

This year, there have been more than 28 exchange security incidents, of which more than 7 have been stolen from exchange digital assets.

More than 100 smart contract vulnerabilities have accumulated losses of more than 10 million US dollars, of which EOS DApp attacks have exceeded 60 at most, accounting for 67%.

There were more than 7 wallet security incidents in the whole year, with losses exceeding 100 million RMB.

Digital currency, which has the largest traffic of bitcoin in the dark network this year, has a total transaction value of about $1.035 billion.

This year’s cyber blackmail attacks caused losses of up to $1.5 billion, up 20% year-on-year, and various fraud crimes are still rampant.

Security has always been a hot issue in the industry. According to Chengdu Chain Security Report, in 2019, blockchain security problems caused by blockchain digital assets showed an overall upward trend, and security incidents caused by various reasons also increased significantly. There were various crimes in digital currency, including money laundering, fraud, theft, drug trafficking and mining crimes. Due to the poor security of digital currency trading platform and the complex data structure and algorithm, the work efficiency is low, especially the irregular operation behavior, which hinders the development of digital currency.

In security incidents, the project party runs away and involves the most funds.

The United States became the hardest hit area for digital asset crimes in 2019.

According to Chengdu Lian ‘an statistics, in 2019, the United States accounted for 28% of digital asset crimes, with Europe accounting for 24%, followed by China accounting for 18%. According to statistics, from January 2019 to mid-December 2019, there were more than 10,000 hacking incidents of digital assets around the world, and there were as many as 2,000 criminal cases related to digital assets in China.

In 2019, criminal means emerged in an endless stream, ransomware and money-plate running patterns were newly turned over, criminal gangs came from a wide range, and the number of criminal cases and the total amount involved in criminal activities showed an increasing trend.

In 2019, the types of global digital asset crimes include hacking, money-raising, money laundering, and illegal transactions in secret networks, with a total loss of more than 6 billion US dollars. The amount involved in cyber crimes and secret network transactions is roughly the same, and the amount involved in the project’s road running is more than twice that of the first two, of which the loss caused by system loopholes exceeds 1 billion US dollars.

In terms of hacker attacks, assets are stolen mainly for five reasons, namely, exchange loopholes, smart contract loopholes, wallet loopholes, public chain loopholes and improper use by users.

In 2019, there were more than 28 exchange security incidents.

More than 70% of digital assets were stolen.

In 2019, there were more than 28 exchange security incidents, among which more than 70% became the theft of exchange digital assets. From January, the Cryptopia exchange was hacked twice, and the stolen ETH and ERC20 currency tokens lost more than 16 million US dollars. On November 27th, 340,000 ETH was stolen from South Korea’s Upbit exchange, with an estimated loss of more than 49 million US dollars. The rest included the escape of the exchange, information leakage of the exchange and other asset losses, with a total loss of more than $1.3 billion.

On the morning of May 8, 2019, the official of Qian ‘an issued a notice saying that "large-scale security vulnerabilities" were found in the system. Hackers used composite technologies, including phishing and viruses, and stole 7,000 bitcoins from Qian ‘an Hot Wallet at a block height of 575,012. Causing the exchange to lose $41 million.

On November 27, 2019, the UpBit security system of the Korean exchange was destroyed and 34,200 ethereal coins were stolen. Causing the exchange to lose more than 50 million US dollars.

More than 100 smart contract vulnerabilities have accumulated losses of more than 10 million US dollars.

There are more than 60 EOS DApp attacks, accounting for 67%.

In 2019, the number of DApp continued to increase. According to statistics, as of the beginning of December, the total number of DApp currently running on public chains such as ETH, EOS and Wave Field exceeded 3,000, and there were more than 100 smart contract vulnerabilities this year, most of which were hacked in EOS DApp. Up to now, the total loss of DApp was over 10 million US dollars.

There are over 60 typical attacks on EOS public chain this year, and the concentrated outbreak period is from January to April, accounting for 67% of the attacks in the whole year. The main reason is the continuous popularity of spinach applications on EOS public chain and the weak security of project contract code, which leads hackers to continuously attack the same vulnerability on multiple DApp. The main methods are transaction blocking, rollback transaction attack, fake EOS attack, random number cracking and so on.

There have been nearly 20 typical attacks on the TRON public chain this year, mainly in April, May and July, with small-scale attacks as the main method and rollback transactions as the main method.

There has been no serious DApp attack on the ETH public chain this year. First, the number of spinach quiz contracts on the ETH public chain is small, and the popularity is not enough. Second, the ETH smart contract project is relatively perfect in terms of security.

There were more than seven wallet security incidents in 2019.

June is the high incidence period of wallet security incidents.

Due to the low entry threshold and poor security, in the absence of supervision, wallet security problems have broken out repeatedly, and it is easy to break out with huge sums of money. At present, there are many hidden dangers in wallet security, including the forgery of wallet APP, the failure to detect weak password in transaction password, the failure to reinforce the core code, the failure to detect the running environment of the system, and the existence of screen capture and recording records in operation.

Since at the beginning of June this year, the wallet GateHub broke out that it had been stolen by more than 23 million XRP, and there were more than 7 wallet security incidents in the whole year, with a loss of over 100 million RMB.

On October 11th, the cryptocurrency wallet ZenGoCEO Ouriel Ohayon tweeted that Safuwallet, a web cryptocurrency wallet, had been stolen by hackers by injecting malicious code.

From August to September, the bitcoin wallet Electrum was attacked by hackers twice. According to many statistics, the phishing attack that forged Electrum upgrade tips has stolen at least 1,450 BTCs, worth 11.6 million US dollars.

There have been more than 8 public chain safety incidents.

More than half of them are 51% attacks, and small and medium-sized public chains are even more threatened.

In 2019, there were more than 8 attacks on public chains, more than half of which were 51% attacks, which reduced the frequency of attacks compared with 2018, resulting in less losses.

Among the public chain attacks, on January 5th, ETC was attacked by 51% for many times, and 80,000 ETCs were used for double flowers. On August 9, hackers launched a "dust attack" on Litecoin, and the affected addresses reached 294,582. At present, it is almost impossible for large enough public chains such as BTC and ETH to be attacked by 51%. All non-large public chains and some small public chain currencies should be careful of the threat from 51% attacks.

When dealing with 51% attacks, we should try our best to keep the computing power scattered. Overconcentrated computing power is the direct cause of 51% attacks. On the basis of Satoshi Nakamoto’s consensus, 51% attacks theoretically exist forever. We should set up a sound early warning mechanism for risk control and adopt a good defense mechanism for exchanges. In case of 51% attacks, we can increase the number of block confirmations, suspend the withdrawal of money, freeze suspicious accounts and other measures to avoid losses in time.

In 2019, the overall safety awareness of users increased.

Improper use by individual users causes asset losses.

In 2019, the overall users’ security awareness increased, and some users still suffered asset losses due to improper operation of wallet private keys and access to phishing websites.

In 2019, Bitcoin became the digital currency with the most traffic in the dark network.

The total transaction value in the whole year was about $1.035 billion.

In 2019, the dark net is still an illegal place for cyber crimes, trading by taking advantage of digital currency’s anonymity to avoid supervision. In the whole year, 1.035 billion dollars worth of bitcoin has been used for illegal activities. The largest category of bitcoin traded in the dark net is drugs, and bitcoin is also the most popular digital currency, followed by Litecoin.

There are many kinds of illegal goods sold in the dark net, mainly involving data, information, illegal software, arms, drugs, etc., and criminals choose digital currency as the trading currency, for example:

In 2019, more than $5 billion in money laundering cases were investigated.

Among them, Bitcoin is the preferred money laundering tool.

In the money laundering cases investigated in 2019, more than 5 billion US dollars were conducted through cryptocurrency, among which Bitcoin was the first choice for criminals to launder money. Digital currency has become an important tool for criminals to launder money around the world. At present, there are 100-200 gambling sites companies in the world that can use digital currency to pay for gambling. Criminals open accounts on these websites, then transfer funds into accounts, engage in some small-scale gambling, and some even do not gamble, and then withdraw money to a new address to achieve the purpose of money laundering.

In 2019, cyberblackmail attacks caused at most $1.5 billion in losses.

All kinds of fraud crimes are still rampant.

Cybercrime includes fraud, extortion, and the destruction of related blockchain service providers. Criminals take advantage of the anonymity of Bitcoin, choose Bitcoin as ransom more frequently, and conduct extortion activities through ransomware or some other illegal means.

In 2019, the cyber extortion attacks caused a loss of $500-150 million to the world, which was 20% higher than last year. The criminal activities of extorting and extorting digital currency have been continuous, even increasing. In addition, this year is still a year of rampant fraud crimes, and all kinds of online fraud incidents still account for a large proportion of online criminal activities. Typical cases are as follows:

The project party’s running involves more than 25 billion yuan.

Plustoken wallet running event involves 20 billion yuan.

In 2019, among the many events of capital plates, pyramid schemes, wallets and exchanges, the most notable event was the incident of Plustoken wallet running on June 29th. On that day, many users reported that Plustoken wallet could not be withdrawn, and the project party of Plustoken wallet was suspected of running, and the amount involved may exceed 20 billion yuan. As of the beginning of December, the blockchain project that ran this year involved more than 25 billion yuan.

The difficulty of mining increases and the income decreases.

Malicious illegal mining indirectly causes social losses.

Power consumption is the main cost of mining, and it is also the key to determine the benefits of mining. With the increasing difficulty of mining, the benefits of normal mining have become lower and lower, and many people have played the wrong idea of illegal mining. Illegal means of mining-Mining Trojans get rewards from digital currency system by completing a large number of calculations. Mining Trojans and worms will occupy a lot of CPU and GPU resources of the computer in the process of calculation, which will cause the computer to become abnormally slow, interfere with the normal system operation, and spread at a high speed, causing great impact and loss to government agencies and enterprise services.

More than 5 typical information leakage incidents in the whole year.

User’s personal data has great hidden dangers due to centralized operation mode.

In mid-2019, a total of more than five typical information leakage incidents were reported. Because many exchanges and wallets are still centralized, it is inevitable to store users’ personal data. Once attacked, hackers may obtain a large number of user data, and sell data through dark networks and other means to obtain huge profits.

Summary and suggestions

Digital currency is widely used for handling fake passports, providing pornographic services, transferring illegal assets, buying and selling drugs and underground arms, which will disrupt social order, pose a threat to the stable development of society, and will also affect the development of enterprises operating normally in the industry, which is undoubtedly extremely harmful to the whole digital currency industry, the financial industry and the whole society.

From the system architecture, related enterprises and professional blockchain security research should organize cooperation to find and fix system vulnerabilities in time to avoid serious large-scale fund theft. Managers of enterprise websites and server resources should deploy enterprise-level network security protection systems to prevent enterprise servers from being invaded and installed with mining viruses and from being infringed by blackmail viruses.

For netizens who participate in digital virtual currency trading, they should fully understand the possible risks and use security software on the computer and mobile phone to avoid falling into the phishing trap and avoiding the theft of digital virtual currency wallets.

For ordinary netizens, computer poisoning should be prevented from becoming a controlled "miner", and game plug-ins, cracking software and video website client cracking tools should be used cautiously, which are more likely to be artificially implanted with malicious programs. For virtual currency, we should guard against speculation.

Original title: "Panoramic scanning 2019 security incident: 28 exchange cases involving $1.3 billion, and the project party ran away with $25 billion"

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