Recently, the regulation of the property market in hot cities has been tightened, and real estate financing has also been strongly regulated. A number of bankers said that in the second half of the year, they will strictly and prudently manage loans in the real estate sector and control development loans and mortgage loans in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory authorities. In the future, there is little room for further improvement in the proportion of real estate in financial resources. At the same time, the credit policy will be adjusted and optimized around the regulatory requirements, and the support for the real economy will be increased.

　　Some areas raised mortgage interest rates.

　　According to the monitoring data of Rong 360 Big Data Research Institute, from the end of July to the beginning of August, the mortgage interest rates in Suzhou, Hangzhou, Dalian and Ningbo all increased.

　　Li Wanbin, an analyst at Rong 360 Big Data Research Institute, said that the increase in mortgage interest rates was due to overheating of the property market in some cities, and local governments adjusted by raising mortgage interest rates. In addition, the bank’s credit funds in the second half of the year are often not as abundant as those in the first half of the year, and the mortgage amount is also relatively tight. Under this circumstance, the bank will also choose to raise the mortgage interest rate.

　　"It is expected that more regions will raise the mortgage interest rate, and the amount will be relatively tight, but it does not rule out that some banks in some regions will lower the mortgage interest rate from the bank’s own funds and business strategies." Li Wanbin said.

　　According to the statistics of the Central Plains Real Estate Research Center, at present, the mortgage interest rates in various places are basically stable, with few obvious fluctuations, and most banks are still lending normally. Judging from the major first-and second-tier cities in China, the current interest rate level fluctuates slightly compared with the second quarter, but most cities still maintain the lowest interest rate in the past two years.

　　Wang Yifeng, chief analyst of Everbright Securities Banking, said that housing mortgage loans have grown rapidly since this year. Under the background of stable housing prices, stable expectations and city-specific policies, real estate policies in various cities have maintained pressure, and mortgage interest rates have diverged to some extent. Judging from the current situation, the demand for housing mortgage loans is relatively stable.

　　Real estate credit policy will be tightened.

　　Recently, the central bank named real estate finance twice, emphasizing maintaining the continuity and stability of real estate financial policies and continuously strengthening the control of funds in the real estate market. A number of insiders told china securities journal that loans in the real estate sector will be managed strictly and prudently in the second half of the year according to the requirements of the regulatory authorities.

　　The president of Suzhou Branch of a big bank said that in the first half of the year, the bank’s investment in real estate accounted for less than 30% of the total investment, and development loans and mortgage loans will be more strictly controlled in the second half of the year.

　　According to the vice president of Wuhan Branch of a joint-stock bank, the real estate credit of the bank did not exceed 40% in the first half of the year. "Every year, our bank’s asset structure layout of the industry is orderly. In the second half of the year, the whole bank will implement total amount control and preferential selection to support rigid demand. In general, banks’ control over real estate credit will become more and more strict. "

　　"Our real estate loans are very few, and now under the requirements of policy regulation, we will not take the initiative to market." The president of a stock bank in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province said that the mortgage interest rates of the first and second suites of the bank are 10% and 15% higher than the benchmark interest rate respectively, and the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted according to market conditions in due course.

　　"From a policy perspective, it is expected that the proportion of real estate in financial resources will be carefully regulated in the future, and there is little room for further improvement in the proportion of real estate in financial resources." Lian Ping, chief economist of Bank of Communications, believes that at present, under the requirement of "housing and not speculating", most first-and second-tier cities have strict control over the property market, and it is impossible to speculate on real estate on a large scale. In the future, real estate credit should do its homework from the structure and match the reasonable demand in line with reality.

　　For example, Lian Ping said that from the perspective of mortgage, under the current strict control policies, the market demand in many places is still rigid and benign, and banks should support it. In terms of development loans, banks and non-bank channels should also give support if there is benign and reasonable demand in the market.

　　The credit direction will be adjusted in the second half of the year.

　　A number of banking industry insiders said that the credit policy will be adjusted around the regulatory requirements in the second half of the year. The vice president of Wuhan Branch of the above-mentioned joint-stock bank said that the bank invested heavily in private enterprises and inclusive finance in the first half of the year, and will increase credit support for manufacturing industry in the second half of the year according to regulatory requirements.

　　Wang Yifeng said that significant growth in manufacturing and medium and long-term loans required further policy arrangements. With the gradual consumption of pre-reserve projects, loans to the public have been weak. In the future, how to promote the rapid growth of manufacturing loans needs further policy guidance. In addition, how to effectively activate the vitality of micro-subjects, especially the effective demand of funds, also needs more effective policy support.

　　It is worth noting that the regulatory authorities have made arrangements to increase support for the manufacturing industry. Yang Liping, chief prosecutor of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, said earlier that China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission asked banks to set annual service targets for manufacturing industry, mainly to tackle key core technologies in the field of sticking neck, and to support key areas such as strategic emerging industries and transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, so as to realize that the balance of manufacturing loans was significantly higher than that of last year. At the same time, improve the professional ability of service manufacturing industry, supervise large banks to optimize the term of loans, match the production and research cycle of manufacturing enterprises, and increase the medium and long-term loans. Those who can make credit loans will insist on reviewing the first repayment source and make credit loans.

On November 29th, China declared "China’s traditional tea-making skills and related customs" included in the UNESCO representative list of human intangible cultural heritage. So far, 43 projects in China have been listed in UNESCO’s intangible cultural heritage list, ranking first in the world! Who are the 43 World Intangible Heritage Sites? Come and find out ↓↓↓

List of representative works of human intangible cultural heritage (35)

Selected year: 2022

Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China

Tea flourished in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. China is the earliest country in the world to plant and make tea. The traditional tea-making skills and related customs in China are related to the knowledge, skills and practice of tea garden management, tea picking, hand-made tea, and tea drinking and sharing.

Selected year: 2008

Kunqu opera

Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest existing operas in China, which originated in the Ming Dynasty. The singing of Kunqu Opera has a strong artistic quality, which has a great influence on all modern dramas in China.

Guqin art

Guqin is the most representative solo instrument in China, which has a history of more than 3,000 years in China. Guqin has seven strings and thirteen emblems, and players can play four octaves through ten different plucking methods.

Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Art

"Xinjiang Uygur Muqam" is the general name of all kinds of Muqam that spread in various Uygur inhabited areas in Xinjiang, China, and it is a large-scale comprehensive art form integrating singing, dancing and music.

Mongolian long-tune folk songs (jointly declared by China and Mongolia)

Long tune is a lyric song, which consists of 32 melodies with a lot of decorative sounds. It praises beautiful grasslands, mountains and rivers, praises parents’ love and close friendship, and expresses people’s thinking about their fate.

Selected year: 2009

China seal cutting

China seal cutting is a unique engraving art with stone as the main material, carving knife as the tool and Chinese characters as the representation.

China’s woodblock printing technology

Block printing technology is a special technology that uses a knife to carve characters or patterns on a wooden board, and then uses ink, paper, silk and other materials to print and bind books. It has a history of more than 1,300 years, which has created a precedent for human copying technology.

China’s calligraphy

China’s calligraphy developed with the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. After more than 3000 years, it has become a representative symbol of China culture.

Chinese paper cutting

Chinese paper-cutting is a folk art that uses scissors or a carving knife to cut and carve patterns on paper to decorate life or cooperate with other folk activities.

China traditional wooden structure building construction skills.

China’s traditional wooden building construction technology is a building construction technology system with wood as the main building material, tenon and mortise as the main combination method, and modular system as the scale design and processing production means, which has been extended for more than 7,000 years.

Craftsmanship of nanjing yunjin brocade

Craftsmanship of nanjing yunjin brocade has the tradition of royal weaving in China and is the representative of the highest level of brocade skills in China.

Dragon Boat Festival

Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in China, which falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It has a history of more than 2,500 years. The festival custom of driving away drugs and evil spirits has spawned a variety of folk activities such as sacrifice, entertainment and health care.

China Korean Nongle Dance

China Korean agricultural music dance is a folk performing art which integrates performance, singing and dancing, reflecting the traditional farming production and life, offering sacrifices to pray for blessings and celebrating the harvest. Dance has the characteristics of ecology, simplicity, roughness and harmony.

Mazu believes in customs

Mazu is the most influential patron saint of navigation in China. Mazu’s belief in customs is a folk culture with the spirit of worshiping and praising Mazu’s virtue, doing good deeds and loving love as its core, Mazu Palace and Temple as its main activity place, and customs and temple fairs as its manifestations.

Mongolian Humai Singing Art

Humai is a magical singing art created by Mongolians: a singer sings two parts at the same time with his own vocal organs. Among the folk songs of various nationalities in China, it is unique.

Nanyin

Nanyin is a performing art that combines singing and playing, and it is one of the oldest existing music types in China. Nanyin is sung in Quanzhou dialect, mainly with pipa, flute, erhan, sanxian, clapper and other musical instruments, and the music is written with five Chinese characters of "six thoughts and one thought".

Regong art

Regong art mainly refers to Thangka, murals, pile embroidery, sculpture and other Buddhist plastic arts, and is an important art school of Tibetan Buddhism. Its content is mainly Buddhist native stories, historical figures and myths and legends.

China traditional mulberry silk weaving skills.

Sericulture is a great invention of China and a cultural symbol of Chinese national identity. This heritage includes the production techniques in the whole process of planting mulberry, sericulture, reeling, dyeing and silk weaving, the tools and looms used in the process, the silk products such as silk, gauze and so on, and related folk activities.

Traditional firing techniques of Longquan celadon

The traditional firing technique of Longquan celadon is a traditional handicraft with the characteristics of production, skill and artistry. It has a history of more than 1700 years.

Traditional production techniques of rice paper

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. Xuan paper is an outstanding representative of traditional handmade paper, which has the characteristics of soft texture, no decay and so on.

Xi’ an drum music

Drum music in Xi ‘an is a kind of drum music that spreads in Xi ‘an and its surrounding areas. Band organization is divided into percussion instruments and melody instruments, and the playing forms are divided into sitting music and playing music.

Cantonese opera

Cantonese opera is a drama style sung in Cantonese, with a history of more than 300 years. It has absorbed various musical and dramatic elements, and perfectly combined the bangzi and Erhuang tune with the phonology of Cantonese dialect.

Flowers

Hua ‘er was born in the early Ming Dynasty (around 1368 AD), and it is a folk song shared by Han, Hui, Tibetan, Dongxiang, Baoan, Salar, Tu, Yugur and Mongolians in the three provinces (regions) of northwest China. Named for comparing women to flowers in the lyrics.

Manas

The Kirgiz epic Manas, which has been sung for thousands of years, is one of China’s three major epics, among which the most famous is the genealogical legendary narrative of Manas and its eight generations of heroes, with a length of 236,000 lines, which is the "encyclopedia" of Kirgiz’s outstanding creation and oral inheritance.

Gesa (Si) er

Gesar is a grand narrative about the sacred achievements of Gesar, an ancient Tibetan hero. The epic tells the heroic story of King Gelsall who devoted himself to the lower world to save the living beings, led the people of Lingguo to subdue demons, suppress the strong and help the weak, resettle the Three Realms, complete the human mission, and finally return to heaven.

Dong people’s big songs

Dong folk songs are the general name of Dong folk multi-voice folk songs without accompaniment and command. Including voice songs, narrative songs, children’s songs, stepping on the hall songs and blocking the road songs.

Tibetan opera

Tibetan opera is a Tibetan drama with masks and songs and dances, which was formed in the 14th century and spread in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The repertoire is eight traditional Tibetan operas, most of which are myths and legends in Buddhist scriptures to persuade the good and punish the evil.

Selected year: 2010

Chinese medicine acupuncture

Acupuncture is a medical method in traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture theory holds that the human body is like a small universe connected by various meridians. By physically stimulating the meridians, it is possible to promote the self-regulation function of the human body and bring health to patients.

Beijing Opera

Beijing opera is a performing art that combines singing, reading, doing and playing. The singing and reading of Peking Opera mainly use Beijing dialect, while the script is written according to a series of strict rules that pay attention to form and rhythm.

Selected year: 2011

Chinese shadow puppetry

Chinese shadow play is a kind of drama form with colorful shadow puppets made of leather or paper, accompanied by music and singing. Shadow puppeteers manipulate shadow puppets with wooden poles behind the scenes, and create dynamic images by shining light on translucent curtains.

Selected year: 2013

China’s Abacus Calculation —— Knowledge and Practice of Mathematical Calculation with Abacus

Abacus calculation is a method of digital calculation with abacus as a tool. Abacus is a great invention of the ancestors of the Chinese nation, and its contribution in the history of the development of the Chinese nation is no less than any of the "four great inventions".

Selected year: 2016

Twenty-four solar terms-Chinese’s time knowledge system formed by observing the annual movement of the sun and its practice

"Twenty-four solar terms" is a knowledge system and social practice formed by Chinese by observing the annual movement of the sun and recognizing the changing laws of seasons, climate and phenology in a year. The ancients in China divided the annual movement track of the sun into 24 equal parts, and each equal part was a "solar term", collectively called "24 solar terms".

Selected year: 2018

Tibetan Medicine Bath Method —— Knowledge and Practice of Life and Health and Disease Prevention of Tibetans in China

Tibetan medicine bath method, called "soaking" in Tibetan, is the traditional knowledge and practice of Tibetan people to adjust their physical and mental balance and realize life health and disease prevention by bathing in natural hot springs or water juice or steam boiled by drugs under the guidance of the life view of "five sources" of earth, water, fire, wind and air and the health view of "three causes" of Long, Chiba and Bacon.

Selected year: 2020

Tai Ji Chuan

Tai Ji Chuan is a traditional sports practice based on China’s traditional philosophy and concept of health preservation, which is based on the cycle of Yin and Yang and the unity of man and nature. This heritage project pays attention to the cultivation of ideas and the adjustment of breathing, with five steps and eight methods as the core movements, and routines, exercises and pushing hands as the movement forms.

"Sending the King’s Boat —— Ceremony and Related Practice of Sustainable Contact between Man and the Ocean" (Joint Declaration of China and Malaysia)

Sending the king’s boat is a ceremony widely spread in Minnan, China and the coastal areas of Malacca, Malaysia, which has both commonness and locality. In southern Fujian, it is mostly held every three or four years when the northeast season is windy in autumn; In Malacca, it is mostly held in the leap year of the lunar calendar and on the auspicious day in the dry season. The ceremony lasted for several days or months.

List of intangible cultural heritage in urgent need of protection (7)

Selected year: 2009

Qiang nian

The Year of the Qiang is a traditional festival of the Qiang people in Sichuan, China Province, and it is celebrated on the first day of the tenth lunar month every year.

Li nationality’s traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery skills

The traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery technique of Li nationality is a kind of textile technique created by Li nationality women in Hainan, China Province. It integrates spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery, and uses cotton thread, hemp thread and other fibers to make clothes and other daily necessities.

Traditional construction techniques of China wooden arch bridge

The construction technology of China wooden arch bridge with beams is to use log materials, traditional wooden building tools and manual techniques, and use core technologies such as "beam-making" to connect with tenons and mortises to form an extremely stable arch bridge technology system.

Selected year: 2010

Maxi Refu

Maixi Refu is the most important bearer of the cultural tradition of the Uygur people. The complete activities of Maixi Refu include a series of rich customs and performing arts, such as music, dance, drama, folk art, acrobatics, oral literature, diet and games.

Manufacturing technology of China watertight compartment blessing boat.

The manufacturing technology of watertight compartment was developed in Fujian Province in the south of China, which made it possible to build a seagoing vessel with watertight compartment. The key technologies that need to be applied in the manufacture of this sailboat are: tenon joint and stern joint, which refer to the tongue-and-groove joint of wooden boards respectively, and the technology of using ramie, tung oil and lime as blocking materials for the joints between wooden boards.

Chinese movable type printing

China’s wood movable type printing is one of the oldest printing technologies in the world, and Ruian, Zhejiang Province has maintained this technology, where it is still used to compile genealogy. Men are trained to carve Chinese characters and print them after engraving, word picking and typesetting.

Selected year: 2011

Imakan of Hezhe nationality

Imakan is an important part of Hezhe people’s world outlook and historical memory in northeast China. Imakan narrates in Hezhen language, in the form of poetry and prose, and consists of many independent tracks, describing tribal alliances and wars, including the story of Hezhen hero beat the devil and invaders.

List of Excellent Practices (1)

Selected year: 2012

Strategy for training coming generations of Fujian puppetry practitioners

Fujian puppet show is an outstanding representative of China’s puppet performance art, and its main performance forms are marionette and palm puppet. Since the 1980s, with the changes in production and lifestyle, and the complicated performance techniques of Fujian puppet shows, young people’s willingness to learn and inherit has declined, and there are few successors to Fujian puppet shows. Since 2006, relevant communities, groups and representative inheritors have formulated the "Fujian Puppet Show Successor Training Plan" from 2008 to 2020 around the main goal of cultivating inheritors. Through systematic professional training, cultivate a new generation of puppet show practitioners and improve the survival ability of Fujian puppet show; Through holistic protection, we can cultivate potential puppet show practitioners and appreciators, improve the living environment of Fujian puppet show, and effectively promote the protection and inheritance of Fujian puppet show.

(Editing Zhang Xiaoqing’s graphic materials are all from China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network)

CCTV News:The Beijing West Railway Station is still brightly lit in the middle of the night, and passengers are carrying big bags and small bags to their respective destinations in the crowded crowd. For Wang Linna, the captain of "036" who serves key passengers, her night shift has just begun.　

"Looking for’ 036′ in difficulty" is a warm word circulating in the waiting room of Beijing West Railway Station, and it is also a solemn promise of several generations of "036" passengers. Over the past fifteen years, the inheritors of "036" have been devoted to their posts, provided practical services, and practiced the service tenet of "treating passengers like relatives" with actions. As a new generation of successors, Wang Linna led the energetic "036" team and won the praise of thousands of passengers with sincere service.

"036" Team of Passenger Transport Class C　

From one person to a group.

"036" was originally the name tag number of Li Shuzhen, a passenger attendant at Beijing North Railway Station in 1970s. She was sincere and enthusiastic, and was praised by many passengers. In 1998, the second generation of "036" passenger attendants and Beijing model workers — — Song Minjuan transferred from Beijing North Railway Station to Beijing West Railway Station, bringing the excellent practice of "036" service, and the spirit of "036" began to take root in Beijing West Railway Station. In 1999, Beijing West Railway Station officially named the special waiting room for the elderly, young, sick, disabled and pregnant key passengers as "036". The fourth generation of "036" passengers, represented by Wang Fenglian, inherited and carried forward the spirit of "036" and "one heart, full of enthusiasm, to solve problems for passengers" of the older generation such as Li Shuzhen, Song Minjuan and Hu Zongying. Nowadays, Wang Linna, the successor of the fifth generation "036", is affectionately called "the most beautiful smile in the waiting room" by the passengers for his patient, meticulous and enthusiastic service.

Wang Linna serves key passengers.

Liu Yongxin is one of the many phone numbers of travelers who come and go to see a doctor in Wang Linna’s mobile phone.

In the summer of August, 2012, Wang Linna found Liu Yongxin who had just finished leg surgery. He was a national basketball player. Because of leg surgery, he missed the 2012 exam and failed to realize his dream of going to Beijing Sport University. At that time, Liu Yongxin was very depressed and lacked confidence in his future life, so Wang Linna comforted him to take good care of his illness and enlightened him to be optimistic. Before parting, Wang Linna also specially exchanged telephone numbers with Liu Yongxin. In the following three months, Wang Linna kept in touch with him and encouraged him to cheer up and face the future bravely like a big sister. On the phone, Wang Linna also promised that no matter how busy he was when he came to Beijing for reexamination, he would personally escort him on and off the bus.

In mid-October, Wang Linna was not on duty when he got a call from Liu Yongxin to Beijing again, and his two-year-old daughter was ill and hospitalized. There is no time to take care of the children at ordinary times, and I can’t accompany them when I am sick. Wang Linna, a mother, is very guilty. But when thinking of the passengers in need and his original promise, Wang Linna resolutely returned to the station.

A passenger wrote in her thank-you letter: "For my mother, who is seriously ill, your warm help is like a ray of sunshine, giving her infinite warmth." In this way, Wang Linna and her "036" team inherited and carried forward the traditional virtues of "036", moved forward together, solved difficulties with considerate service, warmed passengers with sincere care, and became smiling angels in everyone’s eyes.

The travelers became friends with them.

"036" passenger escort key passengers to the platform.

As the railway passenger station with the largest number of passengers in China, during the holiday transportation, the passenger attendants in the "036" waiting room often have to work continuously for 15 or 6 hours, but everyone never complains or shouts tired, and only leaves a bright copy to the passengers.

"036" passenger guides key passengers

On October 2, 2013, the waiting room of the Golden Week was overcrowded. From 8: 00 a.m. to take over, in less than half an hour, Wang Linna has already picked up three passengers in wheelchairs. "Can you take us to the train gate?" When Sheng Litang from Lianyungang made this request, he was slightly embarrassed and uneasy. His wife suffers from femoral head necrosis, and it is very inconvenient to go home by train after seeing the disease in Beijing. Wang Linna immediately found a wheelchair to help take the patient to the waiting room, and then comforted the husband and wife: "Please wait here first, and we will send you directly to the car, don’t worry."

As soon as the Shenglitang couple were arranged, Wang Linna welcomed five more tourists to Urumqi, including an 80-year-old grandmother and a 10-year-old child in a wheelchair. Wang Linna’s footsteps haven’t stood firm, and then he pushed the old man and led the family to set off. Only when I got to the platform did I know that the five passengers were not in the same carriage. Wang Linna patiently settled them in turn before leaving.

Thinking of Mr. and Mrs. Sheng in the waiting room, Wang Linna hurried to see the car off after a busy wheelchair trip. Knowing that they would come to Beijing for treatment, Wang Linna handed in a love contact card, reminding that every waiter would serve wholeheartedly when he came directly to the "036" waiting room at the West Railway Station next time.

Wang Linna Record Key Passenger Service Card

Willing to endure hardship and dedication is the consistent style of "036", and realizing the value of life in dedication is regarded as the standard by them. For them, tourists have become friends, even relatives. They have taken pains, regardless of fame and fortune, as long as they can harvest a smile and a greeting, it is enough.

Based on the needs of passengers, seeking development through innovation

"036" Innovative Invention of Electric Wheelchair

Today, Wang Linna and her team are not satisfied with the original service means and measures. On the basis of inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of "036 Four Hearts", they have created the "One-stop Service Law" and "Five A Work Law" in close combination with reality, which has made the spirit of "036" show new charm and made new development. At the same time, the "036" team made full use of the station and the official Weibo of "036" on the basis of on-site reservation and telephone reservation, and opened the online reservation service, which further facilitated the travel of key passengers.

On January 10th, 2013, a netizen named "Passing a colorful grandson in a dream" sent a message for help through Weibo. His name is Sun Long, a student who goes to college in Lanzhou and lives in Shenyang. Before the holiday, Sun Long’s right leg was accidentally broken, so it became a big problem to go home by train for the New Year. After receiving information from the official Weibo of Beijing West Railway Station, the "036" waiting room arranged the pick-up work in advance according to the specific boarding date and train number provided by Sun Long.

On January 13th, Sun Long took the Z56 train from Lanzhou and entered the platform. With the help of the conductor, Wang Linna successfully reached Sun Long in a wheelchair. Because Sun Long’s leg injury can’t be hit and shaken again, Wang Linna tried to keep his feet steady all the way to make him more comfortable in a wheelchair. After leaving the station, Wang Linna quickly contacted Beijing Railway Station and Shenyang Railway Station to help them arrange the transfer of Sun Long’s family. During the Spring Festival, Wang Linna received a short message from Sun Long, with deep affection between the lines, expressing his gratitude to all the staff who helped him. On February 20th, Weibo, the official of Beijing West Railway Station, received a message from Sun Long again. He will take the T75 train on the 24th and return to Lanzhou. On the same day, Wang Linna also received a short message from Sun Long, hoping to get him on the bus by Wang Linna. When I saw Sun Long again, his leg injury improved obviously, but he still needed a wheelchair to pick him up. At 3: 15 pm, Wang Linna received Sun Long at the entrance on the second floor and sent him to the door of the carriage smoothly. After arranging the berth, Sun Long said to Wang Linna, "Sister Wang, thank you. You passed on your warmth and love to me, and I will pass it on again!"

This simple sentence made Wang Linna very pleased.

Fifteen years is only a blink of an eye in the long river of history, but it is a growth history for the "036" team to stick to their posts and March forward courageously towards high standards and strict requirements. As time goes by, "036" has become synonymous with advanced title, and it is also a shining railway quality brand. (Propaganda Department of Party Committee of China Railway Beijing Bureau Group Corporation)

The renovation of old residential areas is a major livelihood project and development project. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the renovation of old residential areas is an important task to enhance people’s sense of gain, and it is also an important part of the implementation of urban renewal. The Community Construction Department of the Urban Construction Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (hereinafter referred to as the "Community Department") takes the transformation of old residential areas as the focus of doing practical things for the masses, and solves the "great livelihood" with "small incision" to continuously enhance the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

This year, this young team won the National Worker Pioneer. "The renovation of old residential areas is an important task to improve people’s quality of life, and it is a practical matter of people’s livelihood around the people. We are honored to be able to shoulder the heavy responsibility and win the honor, and we feel even more responsible. " Relevant comrades in the community office said.

Find out the base, pilot first, and clarify the direction of the transformation path

Most of the old residential areas were built before 2000. The construction standards of these residential areas are low, coupled with long-term neglect, incomplete municipal supporting facilities, aging houses and other outstanding problems. There are shortcomings in facilities, environmental supporting facilities and public services, which is far from the growing needs of the people for a better life. Residents have a strong willingness to transform. Old residential areas are large in quantity and wide in scope, and the task of renovation is heavy. How to promote renovation in a solid and orderly manner throughout the country?

Understanding what the masses think and expect, and learning from the grassroots is the first priority. The Community Department organized 20 departments and units to conduct in-depth research on 213 old communities in 93 cities and counties, and combed and analyzed the current situation, transformation needs and experience of old communities. Subsequently, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces and eight cities including Shanghai and Suzhou were organized to deepen the pilot projects, and special classes for joint work were set up with local comrades to jointly explore the establishment of nine mechanisms, such as mobilizing the masses to jointly build, sharing reconstruction funds and integrating and utilizing existing resources, and to "explore the road" in the reconstruction projects in detail, so as to accumulate experience for comprehensively promoting the transformation.

On the basis of comprehensive investigation and summing up the pilot experience, the Community Department took the lead in drafting the Guiding Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Renovation of Old Urban Residential Areas, which defined the target tasks and the scope of objects, established a package of support policies to meet the needs of renovation projects in terms of approval of renovation projects, taxation and finance, land and so on, basically formed the institutional framework for the renovation of old urban residential areas, and the renovation work was rapidly and comprehensively promoted throughout the country.

Guide the whole process and do a good job in deployment and implementation.

Since 2019, the country has started to renovate nearly 220,000 old urban communities, benefiting hundreds of millions of people. However, the larger new start-up tasks every year, coupled with the projects under construction, have brought great pressure to the streets and communities at the grassroots level. How to make the policy better adapt to the needs of the grassroots and land solidly?

The community department insists on keeping its eyes down, stepping down, throwing itself down and sinking into the front line, so that the policy can be passed on layer by layer from formulation to promotion to landing.

"The transformation of old residential areas is the initial intention and mission of this office. We are both policy makers and policy practitioners and implementers." Relevant comrades said.

According to reports, since 2019, the renovation of old residential areas has been included in the affordable housing project, and the General Office of the State Council has issued guidance. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, together with relevant departments, put forward targeted work requirements for the renovation work in that year according to the latest situation, tasks and objectives, and new situations and problems arising in the renovation, and made clear the "positive list" and "negative list" of work, so as to promote all localities to do their best and do their best to promote the renovation well and quickly.

With the gradual advancement of the renovation of old residential areas, the Community Department promptly answered questions about the difficulties encountered in various localities, followed up and summarized the deepening innovations in the implementation of policies in various localities, organized and printed seven batches of List of Replicable Policy Mechanisms for the Renovation of Old Urban Residential Areas, promoted the replicable experiences and practices in pioneering areas, guided all localities to learn from them, accelerated the improvement of working mechanisms and policy systems that meet the needs of renovation, and promoted the implementation of renovation policies.

For example, in order to solve the problem of "public needs and women need to face" in the transformation of old residential areas, the community department guides all localities to fully mobilize the masses to participate, ask for the needs of the people, ask for the people, ask for the benefits of the people, and seek the greatest common denominator of the transformation effect.

In the residents’ meeting hall of an old residential area in Qingdao, Shandong Province, a young cadre from the community office discussed the renovation plan of the residential area with the residents. Because there are many people in the surrounding primary schools during school hours, the residents are very concerned about the design plan of optimizing the internal traffic routes and getting through the fire exits. "Making policies and implementing them are different. Every old residential area has its own characteristics, and the needs of each resident are different. The renovation plan must be determined according to the wishes of residents and the actual situation of the residential area. In this process, it is very important to be with residents, want to be together, and be together. " The young cadre said with emotion.

Experience comes from grassroots practice and wisdom. The community department adheres to the typical demonstration and leads the way, and promotes the transformation process in various places with demonstration projects. Since 2021, the Community Department has identified a number of contact points communities every year, and adopted the methods of leaders’ efforts, young cadres’ on-the-spot investigation, and experts’ assistance to help the communities break the blocking points of renovation, create demonstration model projects, and share experiences and experiences with community cadres in the streets where various renovation communities are located throughout the country.

In order to evaluate the transformation work more scientifically and objectively, the community office has defined the measurement standard of the transformation work through performance evaluation, supervision and encouragement, so as to make the policy baton and the evaluation index system more unified. During the research and establishment of the National Statistical Investigation System for the Renovation of Old Urban Residential Areas, the Community Department, together with grassroots comrades, repeatedly studied the connotation of each statistical indicator in order to be accurate and efficient, focusing on the goal of timely and accurately reflecting the progress of the renovation and minimizing the statistical burden. "This set of statistical indicators has clear logic and strong pertinence, which is very helpful for guiding and promoting local work. The progress of the work can be clearly reflected in the statistics. Behind the figures are the transformation results that every resident can see and touch, and they are all tangible results. " A grassroots cadre responsible for the renovation of old communities said.

The central and local governments have resonated at the same frequency and exerted their strength in the same direction, overcoming difficulties and taking advantage of the situation. The policy implementation has not only not weakened, but the signal has become stronger and stronger.

Cooperate to fill the shortcomings and improve the supporting facilities

Living and working in peace and contentment is the simplest wish of China people. Residents spend most of their daily life, food, clothing, housing and transportation in the community. In order to do the "last mile" of serving the masses well, the Community Department cooperated with various departments Qi Xin to integrate resources and fill the shortcomings of facilities and services.

"what is missing, what to make up." The Community Office guides all localities to explore the working method of "physical examination before renovation", and before renovation, it conducts a thorough investigation of the facilities in the community, focuses on residents’ needs, adheres to goal orientation and problem orientation, adopts "menu-based" renovation, and makes precise efforts with "one district, one policy", giving priority to solving the urgent problems of the masses, using limited funds at the cutting edge and changing them into residents’ "hearts".

"Stick to the bottom line of safety" and focus on eliminating potential safety hazards. Accelerate the renovation of aging and hidden dangers of gas, water supply, heating, drainage, power supply, communications and other pipelines and pipelines, and put the concept of safe development throughout all links and the whole process of renovation.

"One old and one young" is the main concern of most families. The Community Department guides all localities to actively revitalize the housing and land resources in the community and surrounding areas, and add service facilities such as home care service centers, canteens for the elderly and children’s post stations according to local conditions. In conjunction with the State Sports General Administration, the "national ball into the community" campaign was launched, and small sports and fitness facilities such as table tennis tables were added for old communities to allow residents to move at their doorsteps.

In recent years, residents have a high voice for installing elevators in existing houses, and the community department has faced up to the difficulties of reaching a consensus and raising funds, and adhered to the combination of rule of law and rule of virtue to help solve the problem of "it is difficult for suspended elderly people to go downstairs". Seize the favorable opportunity when the National People’s Congress promulgated the law on barrier-free environment construction, and promote national legislation to support the installation of elevators in existing multi-storey houses in old urban communities. Give play to the role of grassroots organizations in street communities, take party building as the guide and residents’ consultation as the basic working methods, and promote residents to reach a consensus. In conjunction with the Supreme People’s Court, a typical case was issued to guide residents to correctly understand the legal provisions applicable to installing elevators, and to carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, such as being good neighbors and helping each other.

Great cause inspires people to forge ahead. The achievements made by the Community Office courageously come from the broad masses of the people’s support for the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and also reflect the hope of millions of grassroots community workers and community residents to work together to build a beautiful home.

Percutaneous argon-helium knife treatment of liver cancer is one of the non-surgical treatment methods in recent years, which indicates that the treatment of liver cancer has entered a new stage of cryotherapy. Professor Yang Yongping, director of the Department of Hepatology and Medicine, Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, shared the cryoablation treatment of liver cancer in the first multi-disciplinary cooperation forum of Anhui Province, and the platform of treating liver cancer with sincerity specially compiled the essence for readers.

Overview of liver cancer

In China, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth largest malignant tumor and the second largest tumor-related death cause, with a five-year survival rate of only 14.2%. How to treat liver cancer scientifically and benefit the long-term survival of patients is an important clinical problem, and it is also the gold standard to measure the treatment level of medical units. In 2022, the updated guidelines for prognosis and treatment strategy of clinical liver cancer (BCLC) in Barcelona proposed that patients with HCC should be accurately evaluated individually. Doctors need to fully consider the scope and load of the tumor, the nutritional status and human performance of the patient, complications, age, etc., and formulate individualized treatment methods for the patient.

No matter what stage the patient is in, local ablation is an important treatment. At present, a variety of mature local ablation treatment techniques for liver cancer have been formed, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, irreversible electroporation (nano-knife) and so on.

Overview of cryoablation therapy

Cryoablation therapy has experienced a long development process. In 1800, James Arnott discovered that the mixture of ice and salt could delay the progress of breast cancer, uterine cancer and skin cancer. In 1950, liquid nitrogen and dry ice were used to treat different kinds of diseases, especially benign skin lesions. In 1961, Cooper and Le introduced the first automatic cryosurgical equipment, but it used liquid nitrogen as refrigerant, which had many complications and was only used in laparotomy. In the 1970s and 1980s, liquid nitrogen needle was used to treat prostate hypertrophy and prostate cancer, but the cryoablation technology was stagnant due to many complications. In the 1990s, intraoperative ultrasound monitoring of freezing process was used in surgery by scholars, and argon was studied as the refrigerant. In 1998, the third generation cryosurgery system (Argon-Helium cryosurgery system) came out in the United States, which used argon as the refrigerant and helium as the heat medium, bringing revolutionary progress to minimally invasive cryosurgery. In 2000, cryotherapy entered American medical insurance. In 2003, the World Congress of Targeted Cancer Therapy recommended cryoablation as the first choice for advanced lung cancer and liver cancer. In 2010, the standardized diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer promoted by the Health Planning Commission listed cryoablation as a local treatment for liver cancer. In 2016, after more than 10 years of unremitting efforts, Professor Yang Yongping’s team led the overall and comprehensive innovation and development of percutaneous cryoablation of liver cancer at home and abroad, changed the international prejudice on cryoablation of liver cancer, turned the small path into the big road, the irregular into the norm, and the unpopular into the hot spot.The technological innovation of cryoablation of liver cancer won the first prize of Beijing Science and Technology Progress Award. In 2018, 2019 and 2020, experts’ consensus on imaging-guided cryoablation for lung cancer, experts’ consensus on imaging-guided cryoablation for bone and soft tissue tumors, experts’ consensus on imaging-guided cryoablation for kidney cancer and experts’ consensus on imaging-guided cryoablation for liver cancer were released respectively. So far, NCCN, AASLD, APASL, EASL and other guidelines have recommended cryoablation for the treatment of primary liver cancer.

At present, the Department of Hepatology Medicine of the General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army has become the largest medical center for treating liver tumors in the world last year, constantly exploring the innovation of cryoablation technology, adopting high-vacuum heat insulation technology, only destroying the tumor site without damaging the surgical path, and adopting multi-stage heat exchange technology, which makes the refrigerant utilization rate higher and the cooling rate faster, and it is easier to induce the frozen immune response of liver cancer patients, activate their own anti-tumor immunity and produce ectopic tumor inhibition.

Therapeutic mechanism and characteristics of cryoablation technology

The cryoablation area is composed of central coagulative necrosis area and peripheral tissue injury area with different degrees. The mechanism of rapid direct cell necrosis in the central area includes mechanical damage caused by ice crystal formation inside and outside the cell and osmotic damage caused by dehydration and rupture of the cell. Peripheral injury areas are mainly related to freezing-related secondary injuries, including hypoxia death of tumor tissue caused by blood embolism, apoptosis caused by reversible injury, and waterfall-like ectopic tumor suppression by stimulating immune regulation.

The characteristics of cryoablation technology include: ① clear treatment boundary, real-time monitoring under image, safe and reliable treatment; ② Treatment can stimulate human immunity and strengthen tumor treatment; ③ Physical therapy is non-toxic to human body, with extremely low side effects; ④ The treatment is painless, without general anesthesia and participation of anesthesiologists, and the treatment is convenient; ⑤ Not limited by the artificial pacemaker installed in the body; ⑥ Effective, suitable for lung cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and other solid tumors.

In addition, ultrasound, CT, laparoscopy or intraoperative direct vision guidance can be used for cryoablation treatment, and the tumor position and the formation of ice hockey can be monitored in real time.

Current situation of percutaneous cryoablation of HCC

Before 2005, based on the previously reported clinical research results, there were many complications, such as bleeding, liver parenchyma frost crack, freezing shock, coagulation dysfunction and so on. International scholars were cautious about this technology. After 2005, percutaneous cryoablation for liver cancer has developed in China, especially with the publication of China’s continuous clinical summary and high-level evidence in the top international journal Hepatology. More and more clinical studies have confirmed that percutaneous cryoablation for liver cancer is safe and effective, and international scholars have a positive attitude.

Professor Yang Yongping’s team took the lead in conducting clinical research to determine the indications of liver cirrhosis-related HCC by percutaneous cryoablation. In this study, 1681 patients with liver cirrhosis-related HCC and 682 patients with advanced HCC were selected, and the indications and standards of complete cryoablation and selective cryoablation were established. It was proposed that the ablation volume of the target lesion should exceed 50% of the tumor volume or minimize the tumor load, relieve the symptoms caused by the tumor, improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time. The study also innovatively changed the percutaneous puncture to guide needle to locate the introduction of vascular sheath to solve the problem of bleeding after cryoablation, which has been cited by foreign counterparts for many times and suggested routine application.

Indications for complete cryoablation of liver cancer:

① The maximum diameter of a single tumor is less than 5 cm, or the number of tumors is less than 3, and the maximum diameter is less than 3 cm;

② Recurrence after surgical resection or other local treatment meets the conditions ①;

③ Child-Pugh A or B of liver function, bilirubin level ≤51.3μmol/L, or reaching this standard after medical treatment;

④ The blood coagulation function is good (prothrombin activity > 40%, platelet count > 30×109//L, using sheath hemostasis and packing system);

⑤ECOG PS ≤2；

⑥ Cirrhosis, including a history of chronic liver disease, with enlarged hepatic fissure/metacentric colon/esophageal varices/gastric varices/serrated liver surface, a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding or ascites, and platelets < 100×109/L..

Indications for selective cryoablation of liver cancer:

① Single tumor with a maximum diameter of > 5cm or multiple tumors with a maximum diameter of > 3cm that cannot be surgically removed, regardless of whether there is tumor thrombus in portal vein;

② Child-Pugh A or B liver function classification, bilirubin level ≤51.3μmol/L or reaching the standard after medical treatment;

③ The blood coagulation function is good (prothrombin activity > 40%, platelet count > 30×109/L, using sheath hemostasis and packing system);

④QECOG PS ≤2；

⑤ Cirrhosis, including a history of chronic liver disease, with widened hepatic fissure/metacentric colon/esophageal varices/gastric varices/serrated liver surface, a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding or ascites, and platelets < 100×109/L..

In addition, Professor Yang Yongping’s team innovatively established measures to prevent and treat complications of percutaneous cryoablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, 3321 patients were selected, and the measures of percutaneous cryoablation of liver cancer complications were established and verified (Table 1).

Table 1 Measures for Complications of Percutaneous Cryoablation of Liver Cancer

Moreover, the study has achieved encouraging clinical results, which increased the complete tumor ablation rate by 10.6%, reduced the local tumor recurrence rate by 30.3% in 5 years, and improved the 5-year survival rate by 16.6%.

Advantages of cryoablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Although cryoablation has distinct advantages over radiofrequency ablation (RFA), there is no RCT study in the past to directly compare the efficacy of ablation of liver cancer, especially the safety. Professor Yang Yongping’s team designed RCT study in five years to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation of liver cancer. For the tumor, there were statistical differences in the local tumor progression rate between the two groups at 1, 2 and 3 years: 3%, 7% and 7% in the frozen group, respectively; The RF group was 9%, 11% and 11% respectively (P = 0.043). Subgroup analysis: For hepatocellular carcinoma with a diameter of > 3cm, cryoablation has a lower local tumor progression rate (cryoablation vs. RF: 7.7% vs. 18.2%, P=0.041). There was no statistical difference in the local tumor progression rate between 1-2cm (frozen vs. RF: 0% vs.2.4%, P=1.000) and 2.1-3.0cm (frozen vs. RF: 4.1%vs.7.1%, P=0.656). The results were published in Hepatology magazine and also in China.

Professor Yang Yongping’s team also confirmed that cryoablation of HCC can produce ectopic tumor inhibition, with the incidence of ectopic tumor inhibition of 6.3%, and the median survival time of patients with ectopic tumor inhibition was significantly prolonged. The mechanism is related to the down-regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 and regulatory T cells after ablation. In addition, argon-helium cryotherapy is effective for elderly HCC.

Unresolved problems in cryoablation of HCC

There are also many problems to be solved in the process of cryoablation for HCC in the future:

1. Does tumor cell ablation release specific tumor cell death signal?

2. How can freezing produce the best ratio of necrosis and apoptosis?

3. Are the cytokines released after freezing derived from tumor microenvironment or natural immune response, and what is their time sequence?

4. Will the functional essence and time sequence of antigen presenting cells that absorb necrotic tissue change after cryoablation?

5. What is the effect of cryoablation and absorption of necrotic tissue on the immunosuppressive function of the body? How to reduce the immunosuppression of the body?

Expert introduction

　

Professor Yang Yongping.

Chinese people’s liberation army general hospital No.5 medical center

Director, Department of Hepatology and Medicine, PLA General Hospital

Chief physician, professor, doctoral tutor

Silver Star of Science and Technology of the General Logistics Department, winner of special allowance of the State Council

Chairman of the Professional Committee of Liver Diseases of China Research Hospital Association

Director of China Hepatitis Foundation

Director of China Research Hospital Association

Vice Chairman of Liver Disease Professional Committee of Beijing Branch of Chinese Medical Association

Vice Chairman of Liver Disease Professional Committee of Beijing Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Take the lead in the major special topics of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan and Twelfth Five-Year Plan" of the country, the key topics of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" of the army and the key topics of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission in integration of defense and civilian technologies; Won one national science and technology progress award, one first prize of Beijing science and technology progress award and six second prizes of military science and technology progress award.

Finishing/platform review/Professor Yang Yongping

This article is only for medical and health professionals to understand information, and does not represent the views of this platform. This information cannot replace professional medical guidance in any way, nor should it be regarded as medical advice. If the information is used for purposes other than understanding the information, the platform and the author shall not bear the relevant responsibilities.

　　CCTV News:According to the WeChat official account news released by Shanghai, the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory issued a blue rainstorm warning signal at 12: 30 on August 23rd, 2023: Due to the influence of strong precipitation clouds, it is predicted that there will be precipitation in parts of central and southern Shanghai with a cumulative rainfall of more than 50 mm in six hours before midnight today. Please pay attention to the prevention of urban waterlogging caused by heavy rainfall, and do a good job in drainage and waterlogging prevention in low-lying and flood-prone areas.

　　The yellow warning of lightning issued before is still high.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. Stop carrying out outdoor activities in open places.

　　2. Stop swimming in rivers, lakes and seas.

　　3. Stay away from trees, corners or places with prominent metal objects; Don’t hold objects with sharp metal corners in your hands or carry them on your shoulders.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. Citizens should prepare rain gear to ensure safety.

　　2, drivers pay attention to the road water.

　　Level Ⅳ response of flood prevention platform

　　According to the introduction of the Municipal Flood Control Office, the level IV (level IV) response of the city’s flood control stations started simultaneously.

　　Level 4 (IV) emergency response (blue)

Recently, the Hunan Provincial Health and Health Commission and the Hunan Provincial Department of Education issued the Notice on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Key Infectious Diseases in Schools in Autumn and Winter. Infectious diseases on campus mainly spread through respiratory tract in autumn and winter, and some spread through digestive tract and contact, so it is easy to break out and spread in campus, so we should pay special attention to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

According to the epidemic situation and incidence characteristics of infectious diseases, the school hospital has sorted out several knowledge of prevention and treatment of common infectious diseases in autumn and winter, please pay attention to it!

I. Influenza

(A) disease science

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, and it is also a highly contagious and fast-spreading disease. Fog droplets ejected mainly by coughing or sneezing of infected people are transmitted to others through the air, and can also be infected by touching objects contaminated by influenza virus. The main clinical manifestations are high fever, headache, limb aches, fatigue and upper respiratory symptoms such as runny nose and cough. The infirm and the elderly are prone to pneumonia and other complications after infection.

The difference between influenza and common cold

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Before the flu season, it is an effective way to prevent the flu by vaccinating high-risk groups and susceptible groups.

2. Reasonable arrangement of work and rest time: have a regular life, ensure adequate sleep, and avoid the decline of resistance caused by overwork, thus increasing the chance of illness.

3. Pay attention to personal hygiene: don’t spit everywhere, and cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or paper towel when sneezing or coughing.

Wash your hands frequently, and wash your hands immediately after touching respiratory secretions (such as after sneezing).

4. Open the window and ventilate several times a day to keep the indoor air fresh. During the high incidence of influenza, try not to go to crowded places with dirty air; You’d better wear a mask when you have to.

5. Effective prevention approaches: early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment. Isolating patients is the most effective way to reduce transmission.

Second, cold diarrhea

(A) disease science

Infectious diarrhea refers to diarrhea caused by intestinal infection of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi. Its prevalence is wide, the incidence rate is high, it has the characteristics of acute onset, rapid spread and wide coverage, and it is an important disease that harms health. Mostly due to the intake of unclean diet (such as cold dishes, spoiled shrimp, crabs, drinks, etc.) and water, due to bacterial and viral pollution, coupled with some people’s bad hygienic eating habits, the disease enters the mouth. The clinical manifestation is diarrhea, which may be accompanied by abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. The stool characteristics often vary with different pathogens, and in severe cases, fever, dehydration, electrolyte disorder, abnormal renal function, acidosis, shock and so on may occur. Infectious diarrhea pathogens are excreted with excreta, which pollutes the environment, food and water sources and can cause outbreaks.

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Pay attention to drinking water hygiene, don’t drink raw water, don’t eat cold and spoiled food, especially seafood and aquatic products.

2. Pay attention to food hygiene, don’t overeat, and eat less food that is easy to carry germs and be bitten by flies; Tableware should be disinfected, and raw and cooked tableware should be separated; Try to eat cooked food, and wash and peel raw fruits and vegetables.

3. Pay attention to personal hygiene, wash your hands before and after meals, do not defecate anywhere, do not dump garbage and dirt, and do not pollute water sources.

4. Report the patients with vomiting and diarrhea in time, and see a doctor as soon as possible for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Third, tuberculosis

(A) disease science

Tuberculosis, also known as "consumption", is a chronic infectious disease caused by the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (commonly known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The part often invaded by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the lung, which is called tuberculosis. The clinical manifestations of tuberculosis are various, and the early symptoms are mild and atypical. It is easy to be confused with other respiratory diseases, such as tracheitis and pneumonia, and it is often ignored, which leads to the delay of medical treatment. Cough, expectoration, hemoptysis or bloodshot sputum are the main symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have hemoptysis with blood in sputum, and a few patients have hemoptysis with big mouth. In addition, chest tightness, chest pain, low fever in the afternoon, night sweats, general weakness, loss of appetite or weight loss are also common symptoms of tuberculosis.

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Take tuberculosis examination as a compulsory item for physical examination of teachers and students.

2. Do not spit everywhere, cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and wear a mask to reduce the spread of tuberculosis.

3. After suspicious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis appear or are diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis, you should take the initiative to report to the school, and don’t hide your illness or attend classes with illness.

4. Develop the habit of frequently opening windows for ventilation; Do a good job in campus environmental sanitation, and eliminate the dead corner of sanitation.

5. Ensure adequate sleep, reasonable diet, strengthen physical exercise and improve the ability to resist diseases.

Fourth, dengue fever

(A) disease science

Dengue fever is an acute mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the spread of dengue virus through mosquito bites. Dengue fever has the characteristics of typical importation, suddenness, rapid spread, high incidence, general susceptibility of the population and high mortality of a few severe cases. The clinical features are sudden onset, high fever (sometimes up to 39℃), general muscle pain, joint pain, extreme fatigue, and some patients may have rash, bleeding tendency and lymph node enlargement. At present, the epidemic situation of dengue fever in Southeast Asia, South America, Africa and other places is more serious, and cases of dengue fever have appeared in Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hainan and other regions in China. At present, there are no vaccines and specific therapeutic drugs that can prevent the disease. The focus of treatment is to control pain with painkillers, usually acetaminophen (paracetamol).

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

Avoiding being bitten by mosquitoes is the key. Try to choose light-colored long-sleeved trousers and use mosquito repellent or other mosquito repellent drugs when going out.

2. Screen windows and screen doors should be installed in the residence. You can use mosquito-repellent incense, mosquito-repellent aerosol, etc. in the hotel room before going out. Even in high-end hotels, you should pay attention to indoor mosquito killing. Avoid staying in the dark and humid outdoors such as grass, shade and gazebo for a long time.

3. If symptoms appear, see a doctor in time. If you come back from dengue endemic areas (Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian and other domestic endemic areas, Southeast Asia, South America, Africa and other overseas endemic areas), please pay attention to your own health observation. If you have a persistent high fever within 2 weeks, accompanied by symptoms such as headache, orbital pain, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, rash, etc., you should go to a regular hospital as soon as possible, and inform the doctor of his recent residence history and remind him that he may have dengue fever; When staying at home or in hospital, do a good job in mosquito isolation (especially within 5 days after onset), including using mosquito nets, screen doors and screens, wearing long-sleeved underwear, spraying mosquito repellent and other measures to reduce unnecessary outdoor activities and prevent further spread.

V. Covid-19 infection

(A) disease science

At present, XBB series variants of Omicron subtype have become dominant in most provinces in China, and this trend is likely to continue in the future. The National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention also said that the epidemic situation of COVID-19 in China is generally at a low level and in a wave-like fashion recently, and the epidemic situation has brought less pressure to local medical systems, so there will be no large-scale epidemic in the short term. However, it should be noted that cases of multiple infections with COVID-19 are more common. Through the search, we can find that the number of COVID-19-infected outpatients in hospitals has increased recently, and most patients are infected with Covid-19 or influenza virus.

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Actively vaccinate. Elderly people aged 60 and above, people aged 18-59 with serious basic diseases, people with low immune function, people with high risk of infection, and people who have completed basic immunization or have been infected with Covid-19 should be actively vaccinated to further strengthen their autoimmune ability.

2. Pay attention to personal protection. Residents should wear masks in their daily trips, minimize unnecessary gatherings and keep social distance. Maintain good personal and environmental hygiene, wash hands frequently, often ventilate, pay attention to rest, pay attention to nutrition and enhance physical fitness.

3. Use drugs rationally and see a doctor as needed. After infection, residents should take corresponding treatment measures according to the severity of their own symptoms, implement self-care at home, reduce contact with their roommates, rationally use symptomatic drugs according to relevant guidelines, do a good job in health monitoring, and go to medical institutions in time if the condition worsens.

Six, monkeypox

(A) disease science

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a viral zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mpox virus. The main clinical manifestations are fever, rash and lymphadenopathy. Recently, many provinces and cities in China reported cases of monkeypox. Monkeypox cases are mainly men who have sex with men. Recently, there have been some cases of infection among women and medical staff.

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Pay close attention to the epidemic information of monkeypox in the local area or travel destination in time to avoid direct contact with wild animals in high-incidence countries. Avoid catching, slaughtering and eating local animals raw.

2. Good hygiene habits, frequent cleaning and disinfection, and good hand hygiene.

3. If you find sex with a rash (especially in genitals, perianal parts, etc.), avoid close contact with it. Using condoms can’t completely prevent monkeypox virus infection.

4. The interpersonal transmission of monkeypox is mainly among men who have sex with men. It is suggested that men who have sex with men actively understand the knowledge of monkeypox prevention to avoid or reduce high-risk behaviors.

5. If you have symptoms such as fever, rash and lymphadenopathy of unknown reasons, you should take the initiative to seek medical treatment.

Seven, dog injury

(A) disease science

Rabies is a zoonotic acute infectious disease. Once it breaks out, the mortality rate is close to 100%. According to the data released by the World Health Organization (WHO), rabies still kills 59,000 people worldwide every year, and one person dies of rabies every 9 minutes, and 99% of the cases are caused by dog bites. Main symptoms (rabies): fear of water, fear of wind, pharyngeal muscle spasm and progressive paralysis. Raising awareness of rabies prevention, vaccinating dogs and strengthening post-exposure treatment of human rabies in epidemic areas are the most effective rabies prevention measures at present, and it is also the global consensus on rabies prevention.

(2) Prevention and control suggestions

1. Pet dog owners must consciously raise dogs in accordance with the law, vaccinate cats and dogs, and use leashes when going out to avoid dogs hurting people and spreading rabies virus.

2. Rabies can be prevented and cured. If you are scratched or bitten by a dog/cat, even if the wound is small, you should not be careless. You should seek medical advice in time. It is recommended to go to a medical institution with relevant qualifications for treatment, and do a good job in handling rabies after exposure according to the wound condition and personal immunization history.

3. After being scratched or bitten by a dog/cat, the individual should give first aid: if the wound is deep, especially the bleeding wound, you should first press the wound with a clean cloth to stop bleeding, and then rush to the hospital; If the wound surface is shallow or bleeding is not much, you can first clean the wound with flowing water or soapy water for 15 minutes, then use a clean paper towel to absorb the residual liquid at the wound, and then cover the wound with a clean cloth and seek medical attention as soon as possible. In addition to preventing rabies, we should also guard against other wound infections, such as tetanus infection.

4. Old people and children should receive more protection. Because the elderly and children have weak self-protection ability and lack of awareness of risk prevention, the incidence of animal injuries is high.

Original title: "It is related to health, beware of these infectious diseases! 》

Read the original text

A lawyer’s letter is a legal document sent by a lawyer to the relevant parties in written form after accepting the entrustment, which is usually used to convey claims or legal warnings. In the case of overdue online loans, the receipt of a lawyer’s letter indicates that the creditor has taken further legal measures to urge the debtor to fulfill its repayment obligations. This does not mean to start the lawsuit immediately, but to convey the seriousness of the creditors. If the debtor still refuses to deal with it, the creditors may continue to enter the court prosecution stage. The lawyer’s letter plays a role of warning and prompting repayment, and it is a more serious legal reminder for those who fail to repay after the deadline.

Receiving a letter from a lawyer does not mean that you will be prosecuted immediately. The main function of the lawyer’s letter is to urge the debtor to fulfill the repayment obligation and express the creditor’s intention to take further legal action. Usually, the creditor will give a certain buffer period or repayment period, especially when the repayment period is explicitly mentioned in the lawyer’s letter. If the debtor takes the initiative to take action within three days after receiving the lawyer’s letter, such as repaying the arrears, on the whole, it is unlikely to be prosecuted immediately. Therefore, the debtor should take the lawyer’s letter seriously and raise funds to complete the repayment as soon as possible to avoid greater legal consequences.

Overdue online loans usually have a negative impact on personal credit records, and overdue information will be recorded in the credit information system, which will affect the future loan and credit card approval of individuals. Receiving a lawyer’s letter will not directly increase the impact, but long-term default on debts may not lead to more serious consequences, including being enforced after the court’s decision. Failing to deal with overdue questions in time may also be included in the list of people who have lost their trust (commonly known as "blacklist"), which will bring greater trouble to personal credit and daily life. It is best to communicate with relevant institutions quickly after receiving the lawyer’s letter and try to resolve the problem.

Usually, the lawyer’s letter clearly indicates the repayment period, such as repayment within three days. If the debtor pays the arrears within this period of time, most creditors will choose not to start the proceedings because the arrears have been settled. Litigation is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also needs to pay the corresponding legal fees, which is not the optimal solution for creditors. Repayment within the specified time limit as soon as possible is the best way to avoid legal proceedings. If you can’t repay it in one lump sum, you can try to negotiate with the online loan platform or lawyer to seek a plan for installment repayment.

If the debtor really can’t pay off the debt in one lump sum within three days, the best way is to contact the creditor or lawyer actively, explain his financial situation, and put forward a plan of repayment by installments or deferred repayment. Creditors are often more willing to solve problems by negotiation rather than directly start litigation procedures. If it keeps evading or delaying, the creditor may choose to take legal measures, which will increase the economic pressure and legal risk of the debtor. Active communication is an important step to avoid further legal disputes.

If the debtor still fails to repay after receiving the lawyer’s letter, the creditor may bring a lawsuit to the court according to law and recover the arrears through legal channels. After the court makes a judgment, if the debtor fails to perform the judgment, the creditor may apply for enforcement. This may involve the seizure or freezing of the debtor’s property, and even affect personal life. The issuance of a lawyer’s letter is a preliminary step in the legal process, and its purpose is to hope that the debtor can consciously repay the loan and avoid the extra time and cost brought by the litigation stage. The stage of dealing with the letter from the lawyer is the ideal time.

After receiving the lawyer’s letter, the debtor should carefully read the contents of the letter and check the amount owed by the online loan, the number of days overdue and the relevant clauses in the lawyer’s letter. If the amount is found to be inconsistent or the terms are questioned, you should contact the lawyer or creditor in time, raise objections and keep relevant evidence. If the debtor has encountered irregularities or usury in the process of online lending, he can also report to the relevant regulatory authorities and safeguard his rights and interests by legal means. When dealing with lawyers’ letters, we should keep calm, not only avoid expanding questions, but also strive to protect our legitimate rights and interests.

Long-term failure to deal with overdue online loans may lead to a series of serious consequences, including damage to credit records, legal proceedings, property enforcement and being included in the list of untrustworthy people. The list of untrustworthy people will have a significant impact on personal life and work, such as being unable to handle high-consumption behaviors, restricting high-speed rail and air travel. Legal proceedings may also generate additional penalty interest and lawyer fees, increasing the debt burden. It is urgent to deal with overdue debts, and solving problems as soon as possible can reduce the impact on personal life and economic status.

According to CCTV news, according to a report by the Japan Broadcasting Association on March 27th, local time, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced the second death case suspected of taking a health product containing monascus from Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company on March 26th, and the number of people admitted to the hospital has increased to 106.

Earlier, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare had investigated Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company and found that there was a new death report in addition to a previously announced death case.

Based on the Food Hygiene Law, Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has asked Osaka headquarters where Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company is located to take measures including product abandonment.

In view of the fact that many people were hospitalized and two people died after taking products containing monascus from Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare will hold a meeting with the Consumer Department, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and other relevant departments on the 27th to discuss future countermeasures.

According to Japanese media reports on the 27th, the Osaka municipal government of Japan ordered Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company to recall three products, including "red yeast cholesterol granules".

Consumers die after taking health care products.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Emergency Recall

Previously, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. said that a consumer who took the company’s health care products containing monascus ingredients died of kidney disease. Some consumers suffer from diseases in kidney and other parts after using this health care product, and they are hospitalized, and some even need dialysis.

On March 26, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical updated the notice asking consumers to stop using the company’s products containing monascus ingredients and to recall them independently. According to the notice, the consumer took the company’s health care product containing monascus ingredients-monascus cholesterol granules. However, the notice did not disclose the relevant information of the consumer and the time of death.

The notice said that it has been confirmed that the consumer continued to buy red yeast cholesterol granules from April 2021 to February 2024. The company is investigating whether there is a causal relationship between the consumer’s death and taking the above health care products.

According to Kyodo News, since February 2021, monascus cholesterol granules have been sold in e-commerce channels and stores, and about 1.06 million bags have been sold by the end of February this year.

Three products involved
Are health care products for improving cholesterol.

The following is a list of three recalled products released by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company official website, all of which are health products for improving cholesterol. Please be careful not to buy or continue taking it.

China e-commerce platform removes products involved.

Consumers can return goods and get a refund.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is an old Japanese pharmaceutical company with a history of more than 100 years, and many of its products are quite popular. According to the company, monascus is a raw material produced by mixing monascus with steamed rice for fermentation. The company publicizes that this ingredient is expected to reduce the cholesterol value of low density lipoprotein.

The reporter searched a number of domestic e-commerce platforms and found that there are currently no three related products sold on the official e-commerce platform of Xiaolin Pharmaceutical, but there are still purchasing merchants selling related recalled products.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China Company said, "The company has received reports that it may cause kidney diseases and other problems after eating, and some of its products are sold to China through cross-border channels. If a consumer has eaten it and feels unwell, contact customer service, and the products that have not been eaten will be returned and refunded. "

On March 22nd, @ Kobayashi Pharmaceuticals issued a notice to remind consumers who have red herring cholesterol granules (60, barcode 4987072059708) to stop eating.

Up to now, the products involved have been removed from the official store of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, the e-commerce platform mentioned in the notice. According to the reporter’s inquiry, multiple e-commerce platforms have been unable to search for this product.

Kobayashi pharmaceutical president bowed and apologized.

Admit that decision-making is slow

On the evening of March 22nd, President Kobayashi held a press conference and bowed to apologize for this issue.

According to Japanese media reports, the analysis results on the 16th of this month showed that some raw materials of monascus may contain unknown ingredients, but the company did not announce the recall until the 22nd. In this regard, the president of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical admitted that the decision was slow.

Another five Japanese companies issued a recall announcement.

Among the 18.5 tons of monascus raw materials produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical in 2023, about 16 tons of raw materials were sold to other companies for brewing and food manufacturing, except for their own health care products. At present, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical has issued a recall request to all 52 enterprises that purchased its monascus raw materials through its sales company. Affected by this, some food, brewing and other enterprises that use Xiaolin Pharmaceutical’s red yeast raw materials have also announced the recall of related products.

It is understood that the company is working hard to confirm the sales partners and recalls, and it is expected that the recall scale will be further expanded.

The reporter’s investigation found that at present, five Japanese companies have issued relevant recall announcements and announced related products. The names of the five enterprises are respectively Baojiuzao Co., Ltd., ZERO PLUS Co., Ltd., Doufu Co., Ltd. Nagoya Store, Takeya Co., Ltd. and Jiwen Food Co., Ltd.

Baojiuzao Co., Ltd.

On March 24th, Japan Baojiu Brewery Co., Ltd. announced that it had decided to recycle about 96,000 bottles of this product by itself because a wine produced by this company used red yeast raw materials provided by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company. At present, there are no reports of health damage related to this product of Baojiu Brewery Company.

According to the wine manufacturer, this wine has only been exported to Singapore and Taiwan, China, and has not entered the Chinese mainland market.

ZERO PLUS co., ltd

Japan’s ZERO PLUS Company issued a recall notice on March 22nd, saying that there may be unknown ingredients in the raw materials of red yeast in the thick cheese biscuits sold by its KUMITE brand. At present, the specific information of this ingredient cannot be determined. In order to prevent the safety problem from further expanding, it will be recycled independently from now on.

Doufu corporation company Nagoya branch

The recall announcement issued by the Nagoya Pastry Store of Doufu Co., Ltd. said that because its eight products contain red rice malt ingredients produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, there are potential health risks, so they will take the initiative to recall these products and suspend sales.

Takeya corporation

On March 25th, Takeya, a Japanese miso production company, issued a notice that the product "Low-salt Monascus Miso" used the raw materials of Monascus produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, and the sales of this product will be stopped from now on and recycled independently.

Jiwen food co., ltd

Japan’s Jiwen Food Company issued a notice on March 24th, stating that the products "domestic squid pickled products" and "squid pickled products" used the raw materials of red koji produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, so they were recycled independently from now on. If the products are sent to the address designated by the company, the company will refund the payment in the future.

Xiaolin Pharmaceutical’s market value evaporated by over 4.2 billion yuan.

It is reported that Kobayashi Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

According to the national enterprise credit information publicity system, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd. was established in Shanghai on April 9, 2018 with a registered capital of US$ 77,982,400. The legal representative is Matsushita Tuoye, and the company is 100% owned by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

As of the morning of 27th, the share price of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. fell by 3.53%, with a total market value of 381.7 billion yen. Since the fermentation of the event, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical has fallen by nearly 20%, and its total market value has evaporated by more than 90 billion yen (about RMB 4.29 billion) compared with the closing on March 22.

Netizen: I didn’t expect health care products to be fatal.

In response to this matter, some netizens said that it was "terrible", "too scary" and "I didn’t expect health care products to be deadly", and some netizens were worried about whether other products such as warm babies and antipyretic stickers of this brand could still be used.

(Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng School Comprehensive CCTV News, Beijing Daily, Xinhua News Agency, China News Network, Zhongxin Jingwei, Overseas Network, Beijing Youth Daily, User Comments)

Original title: Health care products are still dying? 2 deaths and 106 people have been hospitalized! Kobayashi Pharmaceutical urgently recalled, and these products should also be noted →　

CCTV News:In Chongqing, with the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention and control policies, the number of emergency department patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University surged, especially the number of emergency medical patients increased by 4-5 times, most of whom were infected by Covid-19. In the past two days, the reporter from the reception desk came to the emergency department of the hospital and recorded the work of medical staff.

As soon as the reporter arrived at the hospital, a 120 ambulance was ready to leave. The doctor Deng Ying told us that they were going to the nursing home to pick up a critically ill patient. When they came to the nursing home, Deng Ying and the nurse learned that the old man had not eaten for several days and had symptoms such as difficulty breathing.

After carrying the old man to the ambulance, the nurse on board quickly inserted oxygen into the old man and connected the monitoring equipment. Ten minutes later, the ambulance rushed back to the hospital from the nursing home, but there was no bed in the emergency room. What was even more worrying was that the family members could not be contacted.

Although the family members could not be contacted, the first aid could not wait. Several medical staff quickly added a bed for the elderly and made various emergency treatments.

With the cooperation of several medical staff, Deng Ying finished the examination for the elderly. According to the examination results, they gave the elderly corresponding treatment and plan. Soon, the problems such as poor breathing of the elderly were alleviated. Deng Ying said that recently, due to the shortage of emergency personnel, she was transferred from obstetrics and gynecology to support. At present, there are 22 doctors in the emergency department, many of whom are transferred from other departments like Deng Ying. Most of them have been infected with Covid-19. Faced with the emergency volume of more than 400 people at the peak, they are a little tired, but they still try their best to treat every patient.

At the moment, the medical staff in the emergency department are rescuing a 19-year-old boy. Because of renal insufficiency and other diseases, the boy developed respiratory failure after being infected with Covid-19, and he is in urgent need of ventilator support.

After the coordination of the dean, a bed was finally found in the respiratory intensive care unit, but the department’s non-invasive ventilator had been used up and had to be transferred from the geriatrics department. The patient was successfully transferred to the respiratory intensive care unit. Five hours later, the reporter came to the intensive care unit again and found that all the indicators of the patient’s body tended to be stable.

According to the hospital, at present, the beds in various departments, especially the emergency department, have been overloaded. How to ensure that patients can be treated in time and that critically ill patients can live in the intensive care unit in the later stage?

Zhou Fachun, Director of Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University:Patients with relatively stable condition can be transferred to other specialized wards at the first time, so as to ensure that the utilization rate of ICU beds can really serve the critical patients in need.

For non-critical patients, neurology, cardiovascular medicine and other departments have also vacated many beds.

In the emergency department, doctors and nurses are still busy, and 2023 has quietly arrived.