Diagnostic criteria for hypertension have changed? Many people already have high blood pressure, but don’t know it yet? Hurry up and check yourself →
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Today is World Hypertension Day.
Hypertension is the invisible killer of human health.
November 13th, 2022
The latest "Clinical Practice Guide of Hypertension in China" was released.
Overnight, more than 300 million people became hypertensive patients?
Maybe you already have high blood pressure and you don’t know it?
Today’s host Shu Dong.
With some high blood pressure problems of our circle friends.
Invited experts to answer your questions ~
Guide to this issue
1. Many people already have high blood pressure, but they still don’t know it?
2. Is it a good thing to have high blood pressure but not feel uncomfortable?
3. Is the lower the blood pressure, the better?
4. Does it matter if the blood pressure of the elderly is high?
5, cooking with less salt will not get high blood pressure?
6. Is it necessary to take medicine for life as soon as hypertension is diagnosed?
7. How to improve and prevent hypertension?
This article review expert

Yu Liping
Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University
Chief physician of cardiology
Focus
01
Many people already have high blood pressure, but don’t know it yet?

On November 13th, 2022, the Clinical Practice Guide of Hypertension in China (hereinafter referred to as the "Guide") jointly formulated by the National Cardiovascular Center, the Chinese Medical Association and the Cardiovascular Branch of the Chinese Medical Association was released.
According to the new guidelines, the diagnostic threshold of adult hypertension in China was lowered from ≥140/90mmhg to ≥130/80mmhg. This change means that the population of 130-139/80-89 will change from "healthy people" to new hypertensive patients. They are invisible patients with hypertension, mostly middle-aged and young. According to the new guidelines, the number of adult hypertensive patients in China is estimated to exceed 600 million, compared with the previous estimate of 245 million.
It should be noted that National Health Commission released a message saying that the state has standardized procedures for the development of diagnostic standards for diseases such as hypertension. Guides and consensus issued by professional organizations, trade associations and individuals themselves are regarded as the research results of experts, not as national disease diagnosis standards. That is to say, in the guideline issued on November 13th, 2022, the content of "recommending to lower the diagnostic threshold of adult hypertension in China to 130/80mmhg" is an expert research achievement, which is referential, but it can’t be used as a national disease diagnosis standard.
Therefore, the diagnostic standard of adult hypertension in China is still ≥140/90mmhg, but people with blood pressure exceeding 130/80mmhg should still be vigilant.
Clinical evidence and many studies have confirmed that the damage to heart, brain and kidney has begun to accumulate when the blood pressure exceeds 130/80mmhg. Early intervention and management of blood pressure in this group of people can not only prevent more adverse events of heart, brain and kidney, but also save huge medical expenses, and also save countless families who may be disabled and poor due to illness in the future.
Focus
02
Is it a good thing that blood pressure is high but not uncomfortable?

When it comes to hypertension, the first reaction is dizziness and headache. In fact, many people have high blood pressure but have no symptoms. This may be due to the gradual tolerance of the body during the slow increase of blood pressure, or the decline of physical function with age and insensitivity to the increase of blood pressure.
Whether there are symptoms or not, the damage of high blood pressure to important organs such as blood vessels, heart, kidney, brain and eyes persists. The absence of symptoms makes it difficult for us to pay attention to this potential and long-term injury, and even some patients will choose to ignore it and not treat it.
Focus
03
Is the lower the blood pressure, the better?

The lower the blood pressure, the better. On the one hand, low blood pressure leads to insufficient blood perfusion in the whole body, which leads to insufficient blood supply in important organs and tissues such as cerebral artery, coronary artery and kidney, which can lead to fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, memory loss and chest tightness, and can lead to cerebrovascular accidents, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and decreased renal function in severe cases.
On the other hand, postural hypotension may cause the elderly to fall suddenly after getting up, and the elderly are often accompanied by osteoporosis, which often causes fractures after falling.
Therefore, for the elderly, it is important to reduce blood pressure smoothly. Excessive blood pressure reduction is harmful to our heart, brain, kidney and other important organs.
Focus
04
Does it matter if the blood pressure of the elderly is high?

People often think that high blood pressure in the elderly is normal, and this misconception is particularly prominent in the elderly population, which leads to some patients being unable to get correct diagnosis and effective treatment.
In fact, there is no age division in the diagnostic criteria of hypertension. It is recommended that healthy elderly people aged 65-80 should start medication as long as they can tolerate treatment and their systolic blood pressure exceeds 140mmhg.
Focus
05
Can’t you get high blood pressure with less salt for cooking?

There are many "invisible salts" hidden in common diets. No matter where salt is ingested, blood pressure will rise.
Drinks, candied dates, preserved apricots, potato chips, dried noodles, and even fermented steamed bread, etc., many foods contain a lot of "invisible salt". Especially be careful of particularly delicious and sweet foods, which are often high in sodium.
In order to reduce the intake of invisible salt, when shopping in the supermarket, we should first look at the sodium content in the food label, and try not to buy anything with high content.
Note: The World Health Organization recommends that healthy adults consume no more than 5 grams of salt a day. Without a lot of sweating, people only need to take 2 grams of salt a day to maintain normal physiological activities. Patients with hypertension should lighten their taste and limit the total amount of salt to 2 to 3 grams per day.
Focus
06
Is it necessary to take medicine for life as soon as hypertension is diagnosed?

Most hypertension belongs to primary hypertension and cannot be cured, so antihypertensive drugs need to be taken for a long time or for life, but whether they need to be taken for life cannot be generalized.
Secondary hypertension refers to hypertension caused by specific causes, accounting for 5%~10% of all hypertensive patients. If the real cause of hypertension can be identified and treated, some hypertension can be cured and controlled by surgery or special drugs.
On the contrary, if the secondary etiology is not found in time, it may lead to the continuous increase of blood pressure, which is difficult to control, and these hypertension are more likely to cause functional damage of heart, brain, kidney and other organs.
Focus
07
How to improve and prevent hypertension?

For most patients with hypertension, in addition to taking medication on time, they should cooperate with the following non-drug treatment methods, which will greatly improve the treatment of hypertension.
1. Lose weight
Overweight and obesity can increase blood pressure and increase the risk of hypertension. Abdominal obesity may have a stronger correlation with hypertension. It is recommended that overweight and obese people lose weight.
For obese hypertensive patients, the blood pressure can be reduced by 10 ~ 20 mmhg for every 5 kg of weight loss.
2. Exercise more
Active and regular exercise can reduce the risk of hypertension, enhance physical fitness and improve health. Exercise in summer should avoid high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation.
Elderly hypertensive patients should monitor their blood pressure before exercise. If the blood pressure is above 180/110mmhg, it is not recommended to exercise to prevent complications such as cerebral hemorrhage. If the blood pressure is below 180/110mmhg, you should take antihypertensive drugs before exercising.
Don’t engage in strenuous physical activity during exercise, but take Tai Ji Chuan, walking and jogging as the main exercise methods. At the same time, we should pay attention to whether there are symptoms such as headache, dizziness, palpitation, chest tightness and angina pectoris. If there are these symptoms, we should stop exercising immediately.
3. Eat less salt
Excessive sodium intake and insufficient potassium intake are one of the important risk factors of hypertension.
Less sodium: it is recommended that the daily salt intake of each person should not exceed 5 grams, and low sodium salt can be used. The results of ssass research based on Chinese people show that compared with common salt, the risk of stroke, major cardiovascular risk and all-cause death in the low-sodium salt replacement group (about 75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride) decreased by 14%, 13% and 12%, respectively.
Potassium: Pay attention to eating more foods rich in potassium, including fresh fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy products, nuts and bean products.
4. Be in a good mood
Keep a good mood, don’t worry, don’t get angry, and your blood pressure can drop by 5~10 mmhg.
5. Keep your mouth shut
Like many diseases, high blood pressure is also taboo. If you can’t control your mouth, it will be difficult to control your blood pressure. For example, patients with hypertension should eat less of the following four foods!
① Stimulating food: spicy seasonings such as pepper, curry and mustard, spicy vegetables such as onion and mustard, as well as alcohol, coffee, strong tea and carbonated drinks.
2 Over-salty foods: pickles, salted fish, sausages, etc. Salted foods have high salinity, which can easily lead to an increase in blood pressure.
3 high-calorie foods: especially sugars, which are easy to cause elevated blood lipids.
④ Meat with high saturated fatty acid content: such as beef, pork, mutton, pork belly, fat meat, sausage, sausage, bacon, etc.
6. Don’t smoke
It is suggested that you should not smoke, give up smoking completely and avoid passive smoking. After smoking a cigarette, our heart rate will increase by 5 ~ 20 times per minute on average, and our systolic blood pressure will increase by 10 ~ 25 mmhg. However, after smoking two cigarettes for 10 minutes, due to the increased secretion of adrenaline and norepinephrine, the heart rate will be faster, and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure will increase.
7. Don’t stay up late
If you don’t sleep well at night, the blood pressure at night will not get a good rest because of sympathetic nerves, and even cause anxiety because of insomnia, which will lead to an increase in blood pressure, which is easy to form an abnormal blood pressure change law. And this kind of injury can’t be made up by sleeping during the day the next day.
Sleep apnea is also one of the reasons for high blood pressure. People with sleep problems are advised to find a doctor to recuperate and improve their sleep quality.
8. Don’t be nervous
When the work pressure is relatively high and the spirit is relatively nervous, the body will secrete a chemical called catecholamine, which can cause vasoconstriction, and vasoconstriction will increase the resistance when discharging blood, which will cause blood pressure to rise.
In addition to long-term mental stress or anxiety, depression can also increase the risk of hypertension. We should maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, avoid negative emotions, and actively accept psychological intervention when necessary.
9. Regular monitoring
Most people don’t feel it when blood pressure rises slowly, so it is necessary to monitor blood pressure regularly.
Adults aged 18 and above have their blood pressure measured at least once a year; High-risk groups of hypertension, such as overweight or obesity, high-salt diet, smoking, long-term drinking, mental stress and insufficient physical activity, should always measure their blood pressure.
Patients who have been diagnosed with hypertension should have a blood pressure monitor at home, develop the habit of measuring blood pressure at home, and do a good job of monitoring.
Editor: Gong Le
Source: cctv life circle
ShangguanNo. Author: Shanghai Hongkou

























