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　　Editor’s note: Autumn is the season of bumper harvest of all kinds of fruits, and all kinds of seasonal fruits are also sold in the market. When autumn is dry, you should eat more fruits that are rich in water and have nourishing effects. There are also many eating customs in this period, such as "eating buds in summer and eating fruits in autumn". Although the fruit is good, the way to eat it is still very important. This edition selects three popular fruits in autumn to help you learn how to eat these nutritious autumn fruits healthily.

　　This fruit is in season, but it makes people "love and hate"! Interpretation of Several Questions about Persimmon

　　Autumn is full of fruitful harvest scenes. There is a folk saying that "the white dew hits walnuts, and first frost picks persimmons", and this is a good time to eat persimmons. Speaking of persimmons, the softened persimmons are thin, tender, sweet and delicious, so I really can’t help eating more. But many people stay away from it, because they heard that persimmons can’t be eaten, especially when they are eaten on an empty stomach. There is also a saying that people with anemia are not recommended to eat, which is more likely to be anemia; There are even rumors that the processed persimmon frost is a preservative. This article will take you to crack these "rumors" one by one and eat persimmons healthily and safely.

　　Q: Eating persimmon with stones on an empty stomach?

　　A: This statement is too absolute. There are other factors for stones.

　　Eating persimmons on an empty stomach is relatively more likely to produce stones, but the more critical factors for the formation of gastric stones are insufficient gastric motility, eating too much at a time or eating persimmons with high tannic acid for several days. If you eat astringent persimmon or ripe sweet persimmon on an empty stomach, you don’t have to worry too much about stones.

　　Persimmons are indeed related to gastrointestinal stones, mainly because persimmons contain more tannic acid, also called tannin, which is mainly concentrated in the peel. Its astringent taste is actually a way for plants to "protect themselves" from being eaten; Unfortunately, we humans have accepted this astringency, such as the unique flavor of wine and the heavy feeling of drinking tea, which is mainly brought by polyphenols such as tannic acid.

　　Suppose you eat a lot of tannic acid and enter the stomach, which polymerizes in the environment of gastric acid to form a gelatinous coagulum, and then forms a sticky mixture with protein and pectin, which slowly hardens into "stones", inducing stones and causing bloating and stomachache. If it is caused by persimmon, there is also a special name called "stomach persimmon stone"

　　According to the data, the appearance of "stomach persimmon stone" is related to gastrointestinal diseases (accompanied by weakened or disordered stomach function) or eating a lot of persimmons.

　　Of course, your stomach moves normally, and it is difficult to give tannic acid a chance to fully contact other food ingredients to "aggregate into a ball". Moreover, the persimmon varieties produced in agriculture are already low in tannic acid. We should know that the appearance of gastrolith is influenced by many factors, such as patients with a history of gastric surgery, diabetes, mental disorders, and acid-related diseases such as peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis.

　　Therefore, when diagnosing stones, we only care about persimmon intake, which is not comprehensive and needs comprehensive analysis.

　　Q: Pregnant women can’t eat persimmons?

　　A: It is purely a rumor.

　　As long as it is safe and hygienic, and it is not allergic to persimmons, it can be safely eaten. As long as the gastrointestinal function is normal, it is no problem to eat persimmons occasionally. Just follow the same precautions as before.

　　Q: People with anemia can’t eat persimmons?

　　A: Generally, it only appears in people who are vegetarian or eat a lot of persimmons.

　　As for the saying that "anemia can’t eat persimmons", I think tannic acid will affect the absorption of iron. Theoretically speaking, this phenomenon will only occur among vegetarians, and it is a long-term consumption of persimmons. Because only non-heme iron existing in plants will be affected by tannic acid, and the absorption rate of heme iron in animals will not be reduced because of tannic acid. Therefore, for most people, eating persimmons occasionally will not cause anemia.

　　For people with anemia, it is more important to know what causes anemia, rather than simply staying on the surface of "do you want to eat persimmons?" If it is a common iron deficiency anemia, eat more animal liver, animal blood and lean meat to increase iron intake, and supplement iron preparations when necessary.

　　Q: Is persimmon rich in nutrients?

　　A: Vitamin C is 10 times that of apples.

　　Persimmon is an out-and-out Chinese native fruit. Next, what is its nutritional value?

　　1. high vitamin c content

　　To say its biggest nutritional advantage, it is really not the golden color of persimmon that we thought would supplement carotene more, but vitamin C. A big crisp persimmon, about 200g each, can meet 60% of the daily demand for vitamin C (the recommended daily intake of vitamin C for healthy adults is 100mg), which is 10 times the vitamin C content of apples.

　　Compared with citrus family fruits with high vitamin C content, it is not inferior (persimmon 30 mg /100 g), such as orange 33 mg /100 g and tangerine 19 mg /100 g.

　　2. Carotene is good

　　The carotene content in persimmon is 120 micrograms per 100 grams, which is similar to that of orange, although it can’t catch up with mango. Like persimmon, the carotene content has more than tripled, which is equivalent to persimmon dehydration, and the nutrients in it have been concentrated.

　　β which is rich in carotene; -Carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A in the body, plays a very important role in eyes and skin.

　　3. It contains water-soluble dietary fiber such as pectin, which is helpful for relaxing bowels.

　　4. Moderate calories, equivalent to litchi and pomegranate.

　　However, persimmon can be as high as 255 kilocalories per 100 grams, which is higher than steamed bread (236 kilocalories /100 grams). Therefore, it should be noted that people who lose weight or control blood sugar should pay attention to eating less.

　　Q: Is the frost on persimmon a preservative?

　　A: Generally speaking, it is the frosting naturally formed during the production process.

　　Persimmons are often processed into persimmons because they are not resistant to storage, inconvenient to store and transport, and have short shelf life. To be processed into persimmon, you must peel it first. After peeling, the water inside the fruit is mixed with sugar and seeps to the surface. As the water evaporates during drying, the sugar of persimmon gradually crystallizes and accumulates on the surface, eventually separating out sugar such as glucose and fructose. In this way, persimmon with "white frost" was finally formed.

　　Therefore, the frost on persimmon is not a preservative, but a naturally formed frosting in the production process of persimmon, which is harmless to human body and can be safely eaten. Of course, we should be wary of some unscrupulous merchants who artificially sprinkle flour, starch and other substances on persimmon in order to improve the value of persimmon.

　　This is easy to distinguish. After "artificial whitening", the persimmon cake looks more evenly white. When you shake it gently with your hand, the white powder will fall off, which is fake. And its taste is not as sweet as the original persimmon.

　　Pay attention to the following three points and eat persimmons with confidence.

　　1. Don’t eat raw persimmons, and don’t eat persimmon skins. Choose fully ripe persimmons to eat without skins or choose sweet persimmons and dried persimmons. If the persimmon you bought is astringent, you can put it together with bananas and apples, put it in a plastic bag, or put it directly in a foam box, which can remove the astringency well.

　　2. The elderly and children with poor gastrointestinal function, who have gastroesophageal reflux and bloating, had better not eat on an empty stomach.

　　3. Don’t eat too many persimmons. According to statistics, eating two persimmons (400-500g) a day by healthy adults will not cause stomach stones, so children can just taste them. However, the situation varies from person to person, mainly depending on your gastrointestinal feeling. If you eat persimmon, your stomach will be uncomfortable, which means that your stomach and intestines are delicate, so don’t eat too reluctantly.

　　To sum up the knowledge points: eating persimmons on an empty stomach is easy to grow stones, and it cannot be generalized. The key factors for the formation of gastric stones are insufficient gastric motility and eating persimmons with high tannic acid for several days at a time. As long as the gastrointestinal function is normal, adults, pregnant women and people with anemia can eat persimmons; It is no problem for adults to eat one or two a day. Persimmons are concentrated in essence and can be eaten in half. The "white frost" you see is naturally formed icing, so you can eat it with confidence.

　　Text/Wang Yanli (registered dietitian)

　　Audit/Chen Ran (Senior Engineer, Deputy Research Librarian, COFCO Institute of Nutrition and Health)

　　The article is specially contributed by "Science _ Facts", please indicate the source for reprinting.

　　Autumn fresh jujube is on the market, why is it called "nutrition all-around champion"?

　　Who is the "nutrition all-around champion" in fruits? This honor, the most should be awarded to fresh jujube, people who want to maintain immunity should eat it quickly.

　　Fresh dates are rich in nutrients, especially vitamin C.

　　Fresh jujube is rich in vitamin C, B vitamins, dietary fiber, potassium and other minerals as well as a variety of organic acids, and its nutrition is very rich and comprehensive. In particular, the content of vitamin C is particularly high, up to 243 mg /100 g, and eating 40 g of fresh dates can meet the demand for vitamin C for one day. You may not have an intuitive feeling if you just say the value. When you supplement vitamin C, you may think of oranges, lemons, etc., and the vitamin C content in fresh dates is 7 times that of oranges, 10 times that of grapes, 11 times that of lemons and 20 times that of pomegranates. It is no wonder that fresh dates are called "the king of vitamin C" among common fruits.

　　The temperature difference between autumn and winter is large, and colds are easy to occur. For people with insufficient intake of vitamin C, proper vitamin C supplementation can maintain the body’s immunity. If vitamin C is lacking for a long time, it will make the important cells of the immune system — — The function of phagocytes is affected, and people are more likely to catch a cold, and are more prone to burnout and general fatigue.

　　For the average adult, the daily intake of vitamin C is 100mg/day, and the intake for preventing non-communicable chronic diseases is 200mg/day.

　　However, when eating fresh dates, be sure to choose fresh ones, because vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. In the process of water loss, vitamin C is also greatly lost, and the nutritional value of dried dates is not as good as that of fresh dates.

　　In addition to vitamin C, fresh dates also contain many nutrients, and the potassium content is 375 mg /100 g, which is higher than that of bananas, which is good for protecting blood vessels and preventing hypertension.

　　In addition, the content of carotene and zinc in fresh jujube is also high, which has the functions of antioxidation and skin protection.

　　Not only that, jujube also contains triterpenoids, vitamin P, adenosine cyclophosphate, etc. These substances have the function of assisting cancer prevention.

　　Fresh dates are sweet. Can diabetics eat them?

　　If the blood sugar control is stable, you can eat it, but don’t eat too much.

　　The sugar content of fresh dates is high, reaching 30.5%, which is higher than that of ordinary fruits. Diabetic patients can eat a few at a time, and it can be tasted. Excessive consumption will cause blood sugar fluctuations.

　　How much is better to eat fresh dates every day?

　　For the average adult, the simplest way to measure it is to grab a handful by hand every day, eat as much as you can, and try to eat between meals so as not to affect your appetite.

　　Eat jujube carefully and slowly, and chew the outer skin before eating it, because jujube skin is not easy to digest, especially for patients with gastrointestinal diseases. If you eat it too fast, it may increase gastrointestinal discomfort.

　　Text/Yu Kang (Professor of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital)

　　Grapefruit is full of treasures, and grapefruit skin also has three wonderful uses.

　　The fruit period of grapefruit is from September to December, and it is one of the favorite fruits in autumn. Grapefruit is crisp and tender, juicy and sweet, and rich in water, which can replenish water for the body and make people unable to stop eating it. Grapefruit is not only rich in nutrition, but also a good thing.

　　Grapefruit is rich in vitamins and minerals, and its glycemic index is not high, so it is suitable for diabetics.

　　Grapefruit is rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamins such as vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C and carotene, and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and potassium.

　　Every 100g of grapefruit edible part contains 84.8g of water, 12.2g of carbohydrate, 0.7g of protein, 0.6g of fat and 0.8g of crude fiber, and contains 57 kilocalories.

　　Grapefruit also contains a variety of micronutrients, including a variety of minerals, such as calcium 41 mg, phosphorus 43 mg, iron 0.9 mg; There are also many vitamins, such as carotene 0.12 mg, riboflavin 0.02 mg and niacin 0.5 mg.

　　As a natural antioxidant, vitamin C in grapefruit pulp can resist oxidation and lower blood sugar by scavenging free radicals in the body. The glycemic index (GI value) of grapefruit is 25, and the glycemic load (GL value) is 2. It can be seen that grapefruit is low in sugar content and suitable for diabetics.

　　Grapefruit peel is also a good thing to help reduce blood viscosity and reduce thrombosis.

　　Citrus grandis peel contains flavonoids such as naringin and rutin, which have antioxidant activity, can reduce blood viscosity and reduce the formation of thrombosis, and has a good preventive effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral thrombosis and stroke.

　　Grapefruit has the function of lowering blood sugar because it contains many phytochemicals, but some of these phytochemicals exist in the inedible part of grapefruit — — Grapefruit peel. Pomelo peel has three major nutrients.

　　1. Natural pigments

　　Pigments in grapefruit peel include fat-soluble carotenoids and water-soluble yellow flavonoids.

　　Naringin, the main component of water-soluble pigment, is a kind of polyphenol existing in grapefruit peel, which has antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects.

　　2. Dietary fiber

　　Grapefruit peel is rich in dietary fiber, among which water-soluble dietary fiber has the effect of improving intestinal peristalsis and lowering blood sugar.

　　3. Pomelo peel pectin

　　Pomelo peel pectin is a kind of compound polysaccharide with straight chain and high molecular chain, which has the effect of reducing low density lipoprotein cholesterol, reducing the damage of arterial wall and lowering blood sugar.

　　Pomelo peel can be eaten or skillfully used in three recommended ways.

　　Grapefruit peel is green and slightly bitter, with a unique taste. Especially the pomelo peel of Shatian pomelo in Guangxi is thick, full, white and fragrant.

　　When eating grapefruit skin, you need to remove the yellowish skin and the floc tightly wrapped with pulp, leaving the soft part in the middle. Pomelo peel has three wonderful uses.

　　1. Soak in water to lower blood sugar

　　Diabetic patients should make full and comprehensive use of all parts of grapefruit if they want to lower their blood sugar through grapefruit. For example, the pomelo peel is soaked in water, and the pomelo peel is diced, and 15-20 pieces are put in water at 25-70℃ for 10 minutes at a time.

　　Step 2 cook

　　Pomelo peel is mixed with meat to make pomelo-flavored steamed pork, pomelo-flavored braised pork, pomelo-flavored pork pot, pomelo-flavored steamed pork ribs, etc. The pomelo flavor and meat flavor permeate each other, which has a unique flavor and can also play a role in dissolving greasy and helping digestion.

　　3. Natural deodorant

　　Pomelo peel has a porous structure, which can purify and adsorb formaldehyde in the air. Put the pomelo peel in the refrigerator, and the mixed odor of food will not only be removed, but only a faint grapefruit fragrance will be left.

　　Putting the dried pomelo peel into shoes can also deodorize and sterilize. The odor of sewers in kitchens and bathrooms can also be removed by washing and soaking with boiled pomelo peel water, which is simple and practical.

　　Text/Dr. Ma Health Mission Dr. Guo Xiaohui

　　Science Audit/Ma Guansheng (Professor, Peking University School of Public Health)

Photo courtesy of vision china

　　Our reporter Fu Lili

　　Recently, according to media reports, like most large retailers, Wal-Mart stores in the United States are planning to replace paper labels on shelves with small electronic screens, so that prices can be changed quickly and at low cost. But the conversion from paper to screen faces another problem — — The screen needs power. At present, Wal-Mart is cooperating with Osiya Company to adopt the technology of "long-distance charging", also known as "charging in the air" (Cota) to solve this problem.

　　Charging from a distance sounds amazing. What is its principle and how is it realized?

　　"Collecting" electromagnetic energy from space to realize charging

　　"Wal-Mart this ‘ Charging in the air ’ The principle of is not profound, it is ‘ Wireless charging ’ A specific application of technology. " Recently, Yan Huaizhi, director of the Institute of Computer Network and Countermeasure of Beijing Institute of Technology, said in an interview with a reporter from Science and Technology Daily.

　　Yan Huaizhi introduced that the so-called wireless charging refers to the wireless transmission technology of electric energy realized by non-physical contact.

　　The idea of wireless energy transmission has a long history. As early as more than 100 years ago, Tesla proposed the idea of realizing global wireless power supply through the atmospheric ionosphere.

　　The law of conservation and transformation of energy is universally applicable in nature, and electromagnetic space is no exception, which can be proved by Lenz’s law. The essence of Lenz’s law is that "the magnetic field of induced current always hinders the change of magnetic flux that causes induced current." When the magnetic flux in the coil increases, the direction of the induced current is opposite to that of the magnetic field generated by it, while when the magnetic flux in the coil decreases, the direction of the induced current is the same as that of the magnetic field generated by it. Because electromagnetic induction also follows the law of energy conservation and transformation, people can realize energy transformation and propagation through electromagnetic induction.

　　"Specifically, Wal-Mart’s charging method from a distance is that an electric energy transmitter provides an energy source and emits a certain frequency spectrum in a specific direction range, thus creating a three-dimensional electromagnetic energy space." Yan Huaizhi explained that electronic equipment in the space covered by the RF signal can receive the signal if it is equipped with a signal receiving device with the corresponding frequency spectrum, so as to realize electromagnetic induction with the transmitter, thus "collecting" the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the transmitter through the air from a distance and realizing wireless charging of the receiving electronic device.

　　Wei Zhiqing, an associate professor at the School of Information and Communication Engineering of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, further explained that the working principle of Wal-Mart’s air charging equipment is similar to that of WiFi and Bluetooth, and it consists of a transmitter and multiple receivers. Hundreds of micro antennas are integrated in the transmitter, while the receiver is only the size of a coin and is installed on the equipment that needs charging. The receiver will send a request signal for charging to the transmitter when the power is low. After receiving the request signal, the transmitter will charge the equipment at a frequency of 100Hz per second. In the APP that controls charging, you can specify charging devices and charging strategies (for example, give priority to charging devices with low power), and you can charge up to 32 devices at the same time.

　　Yan Huaizhi said that the distance and charging time that people care about this kind of charging technology can reach mainly depends on two factors, one is the transmitting power of the wireless spectrum of the transmitting device, and the other is the transmitting frequency of the wireless spectrum.

　　According to reports, the laboratory prototype system of Wal-Mart’s air charging device is CotaTile, with the transmitting power of 20 watts, the receiving power of equipment at a distance of 1 meter is about 6 watts, and the receiving power of equipment at a distance of 2 meters is 2 to 3 watts, which can charge equipment at a distance of 10 meters at the farthest.

　　You can also see these wireless charging technologies.

　　In addition to this way of charging from a distance, there are many commonly used wireless charging methods.

　　Yan Huaizhi introduced that the first is electromagnetic induction technology wireless charging, also known as Qi standard wireless charging. At present, this method is mostly used for wireless charging of the latest models of Xiaomi, Huawei and Apple on the market. The user can put the mobile phone on the charging base to charge without charging cable.

　　Wei Zhiqing said that its working principle is that the wireless charging base and the mobile phone are respectively equipped with a transmitting coil and a receiving coil. By using electromagnetic induction, when they are close, the transmitting coil in the charging base is connected with alternating current to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the change of the magnetic field makes the receiving coil generate current, thus transferring energy from the transmitting end to the receiving end, that is, supplying power to the mobile phone from the charging base. The advantage of this method is that the charging efficiency is high, and the charging efficiency of smart phone can reach 80%. The disadvantage is that the charging distance is short, so it is usually necessary to put the phone close to the charging base.

　　Secondly, electromagnetic resonance wireless charging, which uses resonant devices to make the transmitter and receiver reach the same frequency, and the same resonant frequency is a necessary condition for energy transfer, and electromagnetic energy can be exchanged through magnetic resonance. Compared with electromagnetic induction, the advantage of this method is that there is no need to "cling". The charging distance of smart phones can reach 10 cm, but its charging efficiency is slightly lower, usually less than 70%.

　　In addition, there is wireless radio frequency technology, which uses space electric field as energy transmission medium and generates alternating current under the action of alternating electromagnetic field, thus realizing long-distance wireless transmission of electric energy. The advantage of this method is long charging distance, but the disadvantage is strong electromagnetic radiation and low conversion efficiency.

　　Although "wireless" is good, it faces many challenges.

　　"Compared with wired charging, the advantages of wireless charging are very unique, including the convenience of use, the security of transmission, the compactness of the device and the integration of the environment, but there are also many challenges, which are embodied in both technical and non-technical aspects." Yan Huaizhi said that technically, wireless charging involves technical problems such as wireless transmission of power signals, high-frequency conversion, coupling coil design, system collaborative control, electromagnetic shielding and electromagnetic interference. For example, although close-range RFID devices, smart phones, tablets, smart watches, hearing AIDS, etc., to long-distance drones and even spacecraft in space, they can be charged in the air. However, due to the principle of electromagnetic induction, any factors that damage or weaken the propagation of electromagnetic spectrum signals, such as electromagnetic shielding, insufficient power and unstable frequency, will have a fatal impact on it. On the non-technical level, there are problems such as high cost of wireless charging equipment, difficulty in unifying technical standards, and public doubts about electromagnetic radiation.

　　But he believes that these problems will be effectively solved with the further development of technology.

　　Wei Zhiqing added that the biggest problem of wireless charging is the low charging efficiency, which generally only supports 5W charging power, and the slightly faster charging power is only 7.5W. In addition, regarding the public’s concerns about the electromagnetic radiation that may be brought by wireless charging, it is necessary for enterprises and evaluation institutions to conduct rigorous experiments and extensive popularization of science, so as to dispel public concerns. Due to the wide charging range of wireless charging, it will have broad application prospects in the field of Internet of Things in the future.

△ The first cross-ocean mid-ridge ocean electromagnetic method joint detection profile in China

　　Recently, the research team of south china sea institute of oceanology cooperated with the researchers of China Geo University (Beijing) to conduct the first cross-ocean mid-ridge deep-sea artificial source electromagnetic and magnetotelluric joint detection profile experiment in China at the depth of about 4,000m in the central basin of the South China Sea through the electromagnetic transmitting and receiving equipment independently developed by China. The whole section is nearly 100 kilometers long, with 16 receiving measuring points, and good electromagnetic data are obtained. This experiment marks a further breakthrough in China’s high-power artificial source electromagnetic detection technology under complex deep-sea terrain conditions.

　　Marine electromagnetic method is an important method to detect the geological structure of the seabed. At present, a few units from the United States and Europe have mature technology and equipment to carry out joint detection of artificial sources and magnetotelluric methods in the deep sea. In the past 20 years, with the long-term unremitting efforts of researchers from many domestic units, China has made important progress in the fields of submarine electromagnetic field observation, high-power artificial source launch, electromagnetic offshore operation technology, data analysis and processing.

△ Combined detection equipment and schematic diagram of marine electromagnetic method

　　Sun Zhen, the person in charge of the project, said that all the electromagnetic transmitting and receiving equipment independently developed by Chinese scientists was used in this voyage. In order to carry out this experiment, the project team prepared for four years. Wang Meng, an associate professor at China Geo University (Beijing), said that this joint exploration has realized the long-term observation of multi-component natural source electromagnetic field in the deep seabed, and also successfully realized the launching operation of towed high-power artificial electromagnetic source near the seabed, which effectively supplemented the high-frequency natural source electromagnetic signal absorbed by the extremely thick highly conductive seawater layer.

　　The joint exploration of ocean electromagnetic method across the mid-ocean ridge was carried out by the south china sea institute of oceanology Comprehensive Geophysical Research Ship "Experiment 6". This exploration has achieved the goal of simultaneously detecting the resistivity structure of shallow crust and deep mantle with one geophysical profile, which will significantly enhance China’s ability to detect seabed geological structure and resources by using ocean electromagnetic method.

　　(Headquarters CCTV reporter Shuai Junquan Chuerjia)

The replacement of new energy sources with electricity is actually nothing new.

In 1896, Hartford Electric Light Company, born in Hartford, Connecticut, USA, introduced an electric van with replaceable batteries. The buyer only bought the vehicle, but did not include the battery, and then paid the charging and maintenance fee by mileage when using it.

The specific business model is that vehicles are sold to users by GeVeCo (a subsidiary of General Electric), and HELCO is responsible for holding and providing battery packs to consumers. As for users, they buy HELCO’s power exchange service in the form of monthly fee. From 1910 to 1924, HELCO’s power exchange service provided electric trucks with a cruising range of more than 6 million miles.

Nowadays, looking at the power exchange technology of new energy vehicles is more like a "technical revival" that lasted for nearly a hundred years. In the field of commercial vehicles, there are State Grid, Yutong Bus, Beiqi New Energy and other enterprises, while in the field of passenger cars, there are Weilai.

Today, most new energy vehicles have not yet achieved "separation of vehicles and electricity". In 2017, the technology of power exchange was explored, and the first power exchange station was put into operation in 2018. In more than six years, Weilai has built 2,435 power exchange stations nationwide. In these six years, many car companies only chose to follow up on a small number of models.

Even so, Weilai iterated the power station changing technology to the fourth generation. The fourth generation power station, which was officially launched in Guangzhou not long ago, comes standard with six ultra-wide-angle laser radars and four Orin X chips, and supports one-button automatic power exchange and independent power exchange when leaving the vehicle.

Compared with the previous generation, the speed of power exchange is increased by 22%, the fastest time is only 2 minutes and 24 seconds, the number of battery positions is increased to 23, and the maximum number of daily services can reach 480 times.

Moreover, the new power exchange station can also support multi-brand sharing power exchange, including Ledao, which makes many people daydream about the power exchange of more models.

However, in order to make more models have the ability to exchange electricity, it is necessary to build a large enough stage to introduce other car companies and ecological partners.

On November 21, 2023, Changan Automobile announced that it had reached a cooperation with Weilai, and the two sides would jointly research and develop battery-changing vehicles, battery-changing technologies and unified standards. Weilai’s battery-changing camp was expanded for the first time.

However, people’s real re-examination of this alliance may have originated from the dialogue between Li Bin and He Xiaopeng in early May this year. At that time, He Xiaopeng personally visited Li Bin and said that when Weilai replaced more than 5,000 power stations, he would consider joining the power exchange mode.

Soon after, FAW announced that it had reached a strategic cooperation with Weilai for charging and replacing electricity.

Today, the power exchange alliance has seven car partners, including Changan, Geely, Chery, Jianghuai, FAW, GAC and Lotus, as well as energy and power enterprises such as "Three Barrels of Oil", Shell, State Grid, China Southern Power Grid, Wanneng Group, Zhongan Energy, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines and Longji Green Energy, with considerable influence.

However, Yang Chao, assistant vice president of Weilai and head of energy product development, told Leifeng. com "New Smart Drive" more than once that Weilai hopes to realize the scale of power exchange infrastructure and share the power exchange mode with the whole China automobile industry, hoping that more brands will join the TV exchange family, so that more users can enjoy the more convenient experience of adding power than refueling.

The efficiency of energy supplement has always been an important factor for consumers to buy new energy vehicles. From the market feedback, the sales growth rate of plug-in hybrid extended-range new energy vehicles has also obviously accelerated.

According to the statistics of the Association, the sales volume of hybrid (including extended range) new energy vehicles in May this year was 308,773, a year-on-year growth rate of 61.1%; The sales volume of pure electric new energy vehicles was 495,825, with a year-on-year growth rate of 27.6%.

In Yang Chao’s view,The reason for the slowdown in the sales of pure electric vehicles is the fuel tank (energy replenishment efficiency).However, there are different technical paths for pure electric vehicles to improve the charging efficiency, such as overcharge +CTB(Cell To Body), battery replacement and so on.

The reason why Weilai set up a power exchange alliance and cooperated with many car manufacturers is actually that it hopes to conduct some benign discussions on the future development direction of pure electric vehicles.

At first, this kind of discussion only existed inside Weilai, focusing on several managers from the State Grid and some Weilai suppliers.However, after more than a year’s efforts, the leaders of all enterprises in the power exchange alliance have reached a consensus and will seriously consider this issue.

Yang Chao believes that this is only the first step, but even so, it has great positive significance:Because through Weilai’s efforts, at least more car companies will realize that what kind of energy supplement scheme pure electric vehicles will adopt in the future requires not only serious thinking, but also pre-research in the next generation of vehicles, and more importantly, how to realize applications more quickly in the current scenario, which will have a chain effect on the whole industry.

However, in his mind, he still has his own ideas about the form of changing power stations in the future.

He told Leifeng. com(WeChat official account: Leifeng. com)"New Smart Drive", just like gas stations, has formed a complete power exchange network in the whole country, which can be operated by the state, enterprises or third parties. The battery also has a set of standard system, and there are several different types of batteries to choose from for different models or mileage requirements. Under such a system, car companies develop models without unnecessary consumption of batteries.

On the contrary, car companies can carry out in-depth exploration in the dimensions of safety, application service, reliability, vehicle intelligence and automatic driving, and hand over the matter of energy replenishment to social resources to solve. Only in the specific practice process, Wei Lai’s team found that the choice of social resources-overcharge scheme can not solve the problem of power grid, nor can it solve the problem of sustainable development, and Wei Lai believes that changing electricity will be the "ultimate scheme" for new energy.

Of course, behind this kind of industry recognition, in fact, different manufacturers compete for battery standards.

In the communication with many car companies, Yang Chao was asked countless times such as "Tesla and BYD have no power exchange business, why others’ sales are very good". For Weilai, even if you tell these friends that your sales are really driven by the power exchange business, it is easy to be questioned.

Therefore, on the one hand, Weilai suggested that these friends conduct user surveys to see how many consumers chose Weilai out of the ability to change electricity.

On the other hand, it launched a new brand-Ledao. Since its birth, Ledao has been highly anticipated, because its sales will influence the promotion of power exchange technology to a certain extent.

Launching vehicle models is an important strategic layout for Weilai to verify and promote its power exchange mode, while the previous experience of fast pile filling shows from another angle that in order to speed up the promotion of a new technology, the most important thing is to formulate industry standards.

According to Yang Chao, Weilai, as an organizational unit or an important participant in China, has participated in the formulation of more than 30 power exchange standards, including the formulation of key standards such as safety, system composition and terminology interpretation.

In addition, Wei Lai also presided over the formulation of some IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standards together with State Grid. In IEC, it is rare for Chinese to preside over the formulation of standards.

Yang Chao explained that power exchange technology is a brand-new technology in Europe, and there is no specific standard. In order to ensure that all services meet local standards and regulations, Weilai and relevant European institutions jointly formulated industry standards, which gradually evolved into IEC standards.

Yang Chao said that all standards were originally formulated for safety reasons. Although there is a certain foundation in Europe at present, it is necessary to further strengthen this sense of existence to attract more European enterprises to participate in this process and jointly promote the improvement of standards.

Next, Weilai will further optimize the design of standards, integrate more excellent standards from different enterprises or institutions (such as China Power Research Institute and China Automobile Research Institute) for the market to choose from, and at the same time open its own Konw how to promote the unification and improvement of relevant standards for power exchange technology.

Yang Chao said,The establishment of many standards takes quite a long period. For example, the nature, size, capacity, connector, battery management, adaptability of the three power systems, etc., all need to take time to demonstrate and analyze.Different manufacturers in the alliance have their own design specifications, and if they want to reach an agreement, they need technical compromises.

"This is like a unified charging port for mobile phones. How many years did it take?"

Yang Chao said that it is not that anyone with a loud voice or a strong ability can complete it dramatically in a short time, but what Wei Lai can do is to verify it realistically and coordinate within the alliance until someone is willing (compromise). Just lean together as much as possible. Wei Lai hopes to prove that he can do it first and then help more people.

As we all know, whether it is a charging pile or a power station, the cost is often high when car companies directly participate in the operation. It is easier to "get what you need" with the help of social resources. According to Yang Chao, Weilai has already reached a cooperation with Zhongan Energy in Anhui Province to promote the construction of 1,000 storage, charging and exchange stations based on Anhui and radiating the Yangtze River Delta and the whole country.

The first power exchange station jointly built by Weilai and Zhongan Energy was officially launched in Luoji Service Area of G40 Hushan Expressway in Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province on June 13th, which is also the first Weilai fourth generation power exchange station launched in Anhui Province.

Yang Chao said that Weilai has been exploring the possibility of cooperation with the government. On the one hand, the operation and maintenance cost of changing power stations is high. On the other hand, besides economic benefits, Weilai has wider cooperation space with the local government and can get more policy or other support. Next, it may reach similar cooperation with the Wuhan Municipal Government.

Overseas, the layout of Weilai is also very suitable for the actual situation of the country.

For example, in Denmark, where the power grid construction is not perfect, the power exchange station originally used to serve the automobile business has also played a role in alleviating the pressure on the local power grid. By charging during the wave valley period and discharging during the peak period, many power exchange stations even achieved a profit of more than 4,000 euros per day. To this end, Weilai also specially adjusted the construction strategy of power exchange stations in Denmark, and built more power exchange stations in places where electricity consumption fluctuated to adjust the local electricity consumption situation.

In Hungary, Weilai was originally affected by the epidemic and the transportation cost was high, so it opened a local factory, and then completed some assembly tests of vehicles in China, and left the rest of the work to the Hungarian factory, which greatly reduced the cost.

Hungary was originally short of natural resources, so the government is very interested in the energy storage project derived from Weilai Power Exchange Station, hoping to further cooperate with Weilai, and Weilai also intends to promote the power exchange station integrating electricity exchange and energy storage to the whole of Europe through the pilot project with Hungary.

According to Yang Chao, Weilai has projects in Denmark, the Netherlands and Hungary, and has also cooperated with some universities in Germany.

As the batteries of the first batch of electric vehicles gradually reach the limit of service life, how to recycle and reuse the batteries reasonably has become the focus of the industry.

As an advocate of power exchange technology, Weilai will also face this problem directly, and the power exchange station, as a natural "battery maintenance center", can play a positive role in prolonging the service life of batteries through more reasonable and optimized management of battery storage environment and charging power.

According to Yang Chao, Weilai is currently promoting the life-cycle management technology of batteries to extend the service life of batteries as much as possible, and at the same time, it has also invested in research and development of technologies related to automatic disassembly and refined recycling of batteries to maximize the value of batteries. With the opening of the power exchange network, there are many stories told by Wei Lai to exchange electricity.

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The latest news of H7N9 avian influenza: Another H7N9 patient died in Shanghai. The latest death toll in Shanghai is 16, and 33 people have been diagnosed with infection. According to the website of the State Health Planning Commission and media reports, as of June 27, 2013, 40 cases of H7N9 deaths were reported in mainland China. According to a study by the School of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong, the H7N9 epidemic has not passed, and it may reappear this fall.

According to the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission on the 26th, one case of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza died in Shanghai, and no new cases appeared. As of 16: 00 on the 26th, 33 cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza have been confirmed in Shanghai, of which 2 cases are under active treatment, 15 cases have recovered and discharged, and 16 cases have died after treatment.

Death patient Gu Mou, male, 56 years old, from Shanghai. On April 11, he was diagnosed as a confirmed case of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza. On April 19, he was transferred to the municipal public health clinical center for diagnosis and treatment. He died in the early morning of June 26 after active rescue.

In April this year, the first adult patient with H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai was cured and discharged.

Has H7N9 passed? HKU School of Medicine says it will reappear this autumn.

According to the latest research released by Li Ka-shing Medical College of HKU on 24th, according to the seasonal epidemic trend of avian influenza A (H5N1), H7N9 may reappear this autumn. However, studies have also shown that the fatality rate of H7N9 infection in humans is slightly lower than that of H5N1.

At the same time, it was found that the incubation period of H7N9 was 3.1 days, which was shorter than 5 and 6 days in previous studies, and it was very close to the incubation period of H5N1 of 3.3 days. Liang Zhuowei, director of the Public Health Research Center of Li Ka-shing Medical College of the University of Hong Kong, pointed out that this achievement provided an important basis for clinical judgment and the length of the isolation period after the epidemic was discovered. It is understood that the isolation period is usually twice or two and a half times the incubation period, that is, 8 or 9 days of isolation is enough.

In addition, the study also provides evidence that H7N9 only has a low possibility of human transmission. After close follow-up of 2500 cases of contacts, only four potential secondary infections were found.

Liang Zhuowei said that the possibility of human-to-human transmission is not zero, but it is very close to zero. "That is, H7N9 has once again verified our previous suspicion that the risk of human-to-human transmission is quite low. That is, in most links, the infection comes from direct contact with birds. "

Based on the experience of H5N1 and seasonal epidemic trend, the research report thinks that H7N9 may reappear this autumn, which will be an opportunity to prepare for public health measures for disease prevention and control and strengthen the response ability to disease epidemic.

Observer Network synthesizes Xinhua News and Zhongxin News.

　　Ya ‘an, Sichuan News Network, January 24th (Reporter Liu Jiahong, Li Jingzhi) On January 24th, the reporter was informed that 13 baby pandas born in Ya ‘an, the "home of pandas" after the Wenchuan earthquake made a collective appearance to pay a New Year call to the people of the whole country.

Thirteen giant pandas pay New Year greetings to the people of the whole country.

　　The Wenchuan earthquake caused the transportation, water, electricity and communication of China Conservation Giant Panda Research Center in Wolong, Sichuan Province to be paralyzed, the enclosure was seriously damaged, and 63 giant pandas were trapped. On May 18th, 2008, giant pandas were safely transferred to Ya ‘an, Sichuan, where the world’s first giant panda was found. In order to ensure the normal life of the transferred giant panda, especially the pregnant giant panda, all the researchers of the China Research Center for the Protection of Giant Panda overcame difficulties, united as one, stuck to their posts, strengthened the management of the pregnant giant panda, carried out caring breeding and training, closely observed and monitored their behavior, and gradually eliminated the psychological impact of the giant panda after the earthquake.

　　On July 6th, 2008, the giant panda "Dong Dong" gave birth to the first pair of twin panda babies safely in Ya ‘an after the earthquake. Thirteen giant panda babies were born in Ya ‘an successively. On August 8th, 2008, the world’s only "Olympic" panda baby was born in Ya ‘an, creating a myth in the history of panda breeding. At present, 13 baby giant pandas are in good health and in good growth and development.

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival of the Year of the Ox, 13 baby giant pandas in Ya ‘an, Sichuan, paid a New Year greeting to all friends at home and abroad who care about giant pandas, wishing everyone a happy New Year and good luck in the Year of the Ox! I wish the great motherland prosperity, prosperity and national security!

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